Chapter 10 Motivation & Emotion Practice Test
1. After watching an episode of the Dr. Phil TV show, Shanae wonders why anyone would want to air their interpersonal dirty laundry in front of 70 million viewers. Shanae is most likely wondering about the ______of Dr. Phil’s guests.
A. motivation
B. instincts
C. self-esteem
D. intelligence
Answer: A
4. Dr. Know-it-All hosts a TV talk show. One of his guests, Joe College, complains of his intense annoyance with people who talk on their cell phones while driving. Joe asks Dr. Know-it-All to explain why he reacts so strongly to this type of situation. Dr. Know-it-All immediately pronounces that Joe has an instinct for cell phone irritation. Is Dr. Know-it-All correct to assume that instinct is the cause of Joe’s behavior?
A. yes - instinct is the basis for all behavior
B. yes - instinct is our primal reaction to all annoying behavior
C. no - instinct is only used to explain adaptive behaviors
D. no - most behavior is too complex to be explained on the basis of instinct
Answer: D
7. The act of going to the refrigerator because you are hungry best represents a(n)
A. instinct.
B. need.
C. drive.
D. reflex.
Answer: C
9. You have not eaten for four days. When you finally have a candy bar, which of the following is most likely to occur? Your ______will be reduced, but your ______will not.
A. need; drive
B. drive; need
C. motivation; instinct
D. drive; instinct
Answer: B
10. When you exercise, you begin breathing more rapidly to provide oxygen to your cells. This increase in breathing is an attempt to restore
A. drive.
B. homeostasis.
C. instinct.
D. actualization.
Answer: B
16. Paige is an expert at golf and is bored by the thought of the upcoming tournament. Mary is pretty good at golf, and is somewhat excited, but not overly anxious about the tournament. Sara has only recently learned to play, but has very high expectations and is really nervous about the tournament. Jenna is also a beginner but she does not expect to play well. According to optimum arousal theory, who will perform the best?
A. Paige
B. Mary
C. Sara
D. Jenna
Answer: B
17. Darrin is a good piano player. If he is alone, he gets distracted and makes mistakes. At a recital with strangers, he also makes mistakes. His best performance is typically when family and friends are nearby. This is an example of the
A. Yerkes-Dodson law.
B. set-point theory.
C. James-Lange theory.
D. Cannon-Bard theory.
Answer: A
22. Which of the following is most closely related to blood sugar control?
A. stomach
B. small intestine
C. insulin
D. fat cells
Answer: C
26. Debbie is interested in working on projects that will help fight childhood obesity. She is offered a job in a laboratory where researchers are studying the effects of leptin on weight control. Should she take the job?
A. No; leptin is only relevant to animal weight control.
B. No; leptin has severe side effects and lacks FDA approval.
C. Yes; manufacturers have started producing leptin for human consumption.
D. Yes; leptin is a hormone that has been linked to human weight control issues.
Answer: D
28. After being in a car accident, Sally’s ventromedial hypothalamus was severely damaged. She should expect that she will
A. lose weight rapidly.
B. lose weight gradually.
C. gain weight rapidly.
D. gain weight slowly.
Answer: C
30. “I am so tired of dieting. It seems like it controls my life. I wonder what my real weight would be if I just ate only when I’m hungry.” This dieter is curious about her
A. metabolic weight.
B. instinctive intake.
C. set point.
D. obesity level.
Answer: C
34. All of the following are associated with anorexia EXCEPT
A. loss of menstruation.
B. intense fear of gaining weight.
C. binging and purging.
D. distorted body image.
Answer: C
40. BED refers to a(n) ______disorder.
A. sleep
B. eating
C. movement
D. digestive
Answer: B
onsider the following scenario from Maslow’s perspective: William has volunteered to work in a war-torn country to try to improve the lives of the residents there. Assuming that the citizens have enough to eat and drink, what would they be in need of next?
A. safety
B. esteem
C. belongingness
D. companionship
Answer: A
52. Lidia graduated from college ten years ago and is considering a career change. She is eager to find a position that challenges her and allows her to grow as a person. To learn about potential career paths, she signs up for classes at the local community college. Lidia’s desire to explore and grow as a person reflects
A. relatedness.
B. extrinsic motivation.
C. competence motivation.
D. homeostasis.
Answer: C
53. Which of the following definitions best describes the meaning of the term “autonomy”?
A. the sense that you can gain skills and overcome obstacles
B. being independent and self-reliant
C. the need to engage in warm relations with other people
D. the belief that you have the competence to accomplish a given goal or task
Answer: B
59. The impact of extrinsic motivation depends on
A. the quality of the reward.
B. the availability of additional rewards.
C. the behavior being rewarded.
D. All of these.
Answer: C
63. Marsha does a good job because she knows her performance will result in a bonus if she meets her goals. Dianna does an adequate job but lacks motivation to perform in a timely manner. Georgia does a good job because she feels a sense of accomplishment when she meets her goals. All three women do the same kind of work. Who is likely to be the most competent?
A. Marsha
B. Dianna
C. Georgia
D. All three are probably equally competent.
Answer: C
65. Goals that are short-term, specific, and challenging lead to
A. greater achievement.
B. better attribution.
C. increased internal attributions.
D. increased external attributions.
Answer: A
67. Our daily moods give us feedback on the effectiveness of our self-regulation. This means that
A. we will not always be happy with the feedback.
B. being unhappy will hinder us from pursuing our goals.
C. we will have to learn to modify our concept of happiness.
D. we should not focus on the negative feedback.
Answer: A
69. Research on temptation demonstrated that children could successfully resist the temptation to eat a cookie in an effort to obtain the delayed payoff of two cookies. These children focused on ______thoughts.
A. hot
B. cool
C. warm
D. cold
Answer: B
71. Which of the following systems is responsible for calming the body?
A. immune
B. parasympathetic
C. respiratory
D. sympathetic
Answer: B
73. Polygraph examiners can
A. read your mind.
B. recognize deception with a very high rate of accuracy.
C. record physiological responses.
D. All of these.
Answer: C
76. Donnell realizes he is smiling when Lateisha walks in the room and decides he must have a crush on her. This reaction is best explained by the ______theory.
A. James-Lang
B. Cannon-Bard
C. drive-reduction
D. two-factor
Answer: A
79. Tim and Margaret are enjoying a picnic on the edge of a large forest. Suddenly, a huge black bear invades their space and heads for the picnic basket. According to the James Lange theory of emotions, the couple will
A. experience fear and then run as a result of feeling the emotion of fear.
B. run away and then experience the emotion of fear as a result of the physical changes in their bodies.
C. experience fear, run, and as a result experience more fear.
D. be frozen in fear until the bear begins to grab the basket.
Answer: B
82. Cannon-Bard theory suggests that in terms of emotional and physiological reactions,
A. emotion precedes physiology.
B. physiology precedes emotion.
C. emotion and physiology occur simultaneously.
D. emotion results from physiological states.
Answer: C
84. When information about fear is conveyed through the direct brain pathway, it moves from the ______to the ______.
A. sensory cortex; thalamus
B. thalamus; amygdala
C. amygdala; sensory cortex
D. thalamus; sensory cortex
Answer: B
87. Which of the following best describes the male participants’ thoughts/feelings regarding the female experimenter in the Capilano River Bridge Experiment?
A. The men avoided the experimenter on the high bridge but not the low bridge.
B. Men found the experimenter on the high bridge more sexually attractive than the one on the low bridge.
C. The men avoided the experimenter on the low bridge but not the one on the high bridge.
D. Men found the experimenter on the low bridge more sexually attractive than the one on the high bridge.
Answer: B
88. Richard Lazarus believed in the primacy of thinking. What does this mean?
A. Emotions come before thoughts.
B. Thoughts are a precondition for emotions.
C. Cognitive ability depends on emotional thoughts.
D. Emotion depends on cognitive ability.
Answer: B
89. Screaming when you burn your fingers on the stove supports ______ideas about cognition and emotion.
A. Lazarus’
B. Zajonc’s
C. neither Lazarus’ and Zajonc’s
D. both Lazarus’ and Zajonc’s
Answer: B
90. Which of the following theories is best supported by the facial feedback hypothesis?
A. self-determination
B. Cannon-Bard
C. two-factor
D. James-Lang
Answer: D
92. The facial expressions of human beings
A. are learned.
B. are displayed according to the same sociocultural standards across the world.
C. have strong biological ties.
D. All of these.
Answer: C
93. The sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed are called
A. cultural expressions.
B. display rules.
C. expression standards.
D. expressive rules.
Answer: B
94. Which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to cultural differences in the facial expression of emotions?
A. Asians are the most expressive across all cultures.
B. An isolated Stone Age culture in New Guinea is the least expressive group ever studied.
C. Caucasians are the most expressive across all cultures.
D. Facial expression of emotion does not differ significantly across cultures.
Answer: D
95. The wheel model of emotions is also referred to as the
A. circumplex model.
B. two-dimensional approach.
C. broaden-and-build model.
D. display rule approach.
Answer: A
97. The broaden-and-build model of emotion was proposed to describe the
A. the differences in emotional expression across cultures.
B. adaptiveness of positive emotion.
C. difference between high and low arousal emotions.
D. discrepancies between Plutchik’s and Tompkins’ models.
Answer: B
99. Which of the following events will likely be affected by the concept of the hedonic treadmill?
A. falling in love
B. winning the lottery
C. buying a new car
D. All of these.
Answer: D