ESSENTIALS OF MATH 11
4-1: Early Measurement
GOALS
To practice making measurements in both the imperial and metric systems, and you will convert measurements from one system to the other. You will use rulers and Vernier calipers to find exact measurements.
History of Measurement:
Based on human body parts;
Imperial System: length
1 foot = 12 inches (1’ = 12”) (based on Hercule’s foot)
1 yard = 3 feet
(based on end of nose to end of thumb and size of stick to spank with)
1 fathom = 6 feet (water depth measurement)
1 mile = 5280 feet (mph = 1 mile/hour)
1 nautical mile = 6076 feet (knot = 1 nm/hour)
Volume
1 imp gallon = 4 quarts = 160 oz.
1 imp quart = 2 pints = 40 oz.
1 imp pint = 20 oz = 2.5 cups
1 cup = 8 oz.
1 US gallon = 4 quarts = 128 oz.
1 US quart = 2 pints = 32 oz.
1 US pint = 16 oz = 2.5 cups
1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet
Area
1 square foot = 144 square inches
1 square yard = 9 square feet
1 acre = 43560 square feet (1” by 99 miles)
Weight
1 pound (lbs) = 16 oz.
1 stone = 14 lbs (most common stone was 14 lbs but it ranged +/- 4 lbs)
1 ton (short) = 2000 lbs
Metric System: is to the base 10
Google = 10100 = 1(hundred zeros)
Tera (trillion) = 1012 1,000,000,000,000
Giga (billion = 109 = 1,000,000,000
Mega (million = 106 = 1,000,000
Kilo (thousand) = 103 = 1,000
Hecto (hundred) = 102 = 100
Deca (ten) = 101 = 10
Base unit
deci = 10-1 = 0.1
centi = 10-2 = 0.01
milli = 10-3 = 0.001
micro = 10-6 = 0.000 001
nano = 10-9 = 0.000 000 001
pico = 10-12 = 0.000 000 000 001
Length
meter (based on distance from equator to N-pole = 10,000 km = 10,000,000 m)
Volume
1 liter = 1000 ml = 1000 cubic centimeters
1 cubic meter = 1000 liters
Area
1 square meter = 10,000 square centimeters
1 hectare = 10,000 square meters
Mass
1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams
1 tonne (long) = 1000 kg
Assignment: Do questions 1 to 5 on pp. 198-199.
Due at the beginning of the next class!