History Study Guide
Minorities
Plessy v. FergusonsharecroppingGeorge Custer
Brown v. Topeka BOEBattle of Little BighornWounded Knee
Rise of Industry
Andrew CarnegieRobber BaronsThe Jungle
John RockefellerCaptains of IndustrySherman Anti-Trust Act
muckrakersSocial DarwinismUpton Sinclair
Problems of urbanization and factories
Populist Movement
People’s Partytariffssuffrage for women
Farmersregulation of railroadsAustralian ballot
William Jennings Bryanincome taxWilliam Allen White
Silver standarddirect election of senatorsWizard of Oz
“What’s the Matter with Kansas”
Imperialism
isolationismU.S.S. MainePhilippine Insurrection
Monroe DoctrineRough ridersOpposition to War
Spanish-American WarTreaty of Paris, 1898Panama Canal
Yellow JournalismTheodore Roosevelt
Progressivism
McKinley AssassinationTriangle Shirtwaist Fire18th Amendment
19th AmendmentRecallChild labor laws
Reform for cities and factories
Immigration
WWI
Franz FerdinandU-boatsSelective Service Act
AlliesLusitaniaTreaty of Versailles
Central PowersZimmerman Notenew weapons
Bolshevik RevolutionWar Industries BoardFood Administration
VictoryGardensSpanish FluRed Scare
Creel CommitteearmisticeGerman-Americans
War Industries BoardEspionage and Sedition Acts
Great Depression
Stock Market Crash of 1929Dust BowlNew Deal
HoovervillesFranklin RooseveltWPA / CWA
TVASocial Security Act
Cause of the Great Depression
Arguments for and against the New Deal
History Study Guide
Minorities
Plessy v. Ferguson - said segregation is constitutional if facilities are equal
Brown v. Topeka BOE - said separate but equal is unconstitutional
sharecropping - African-American farmers rent land and equipment for high rates, keeping them in debt
Battle of Little Bighorn - George Custer defeated by Sioux
George Custer - killed at Battle of Little Bighorn
Wounded Knee - 200 Native Americans killed by U.S. army
Rise of Industry
Andrew Carnegie - gained wealth through the production of steel
John Rockefeller - gained wealth through oil; created Standard Oil Company
Social Darwinism - the most fit companies will survive, while the weak companies die
Robber Barons - name given to rich industrialists showing their abuse of the poor
Captains of Industry - name given to rich industrialists showing how they built this country
Muckrakers - writers who attempted to expose corruption, such as Upton Sinclair
Upton Sinclair - wrote The Jungle
The Jungle - meant to show poor working conditions, but showed people what went into food
Sherman Anti-Trust Act - attempted to stop monopolies; didn’t work
Problems of urbanization and factories - sanitation, services, housing, disease, poverty, long hours, dangerous conditions, low wages, no compensation, etc.
Populist Movement
People’s Party - Populist Party; failed due to its narrow focus
farmers - main focus of Populist Party
William Jennings Bryan - Democratic candidate in 1896; supported by Populists
silver standard - why did the Populists support this? Inflation increases economy.
tariffs - protected manufactured goods but not agricultural goods
Platform - regulation of railroads, income tax, direct election of senators, suffrage for women, Australian ballot, silver standard
William Allen White - wrote “What’s the Matter with Kansas”; believed Populists were driving business and money out of the state
Wizard of Oz - know characters relation to Populism
Imperialism
Isolationism - Europe should stay out of western affairs
Monroe Doctrine - set up isolationism
Spanish-American War
Yellow Journalism - meant to sell papers and promote war
U.S.S. Maine - U.S. ship that exploded in Havana harbor, helping lead to war
Rough Riders - famous cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt
Treaty of Paris, 1898 - ended Spanish-American War
Theodore Roosevelt - explain “Big Stick” foreign policy
Philippine Insurrection - 14 year rebellion against U.S. colonization
Opposition to War - many opposed colonization, use of force (deaths), and forced Christianity
Panama Canal - Panama originally controlled by Columbia
Progressivism
Recall - allows voters to remove an elected official through a special election
Child Labor laws - children not allowed to work in dangerous jobs. Have to be 16.
Reform for cities and factories - city governments should control utilities, shorter hours, workers’ compensation, minimum wage
McKinley Assassination - his death put Theodore Roosevelt in office. Began progressivism.
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire - many women killed in factory fire. Led to changes in worker safety.
18th Amendment - Prohibition - outlawed the sale of alcohol
19th Amendment - suffrage for women (women have the right to vote)
WWI
Franz Ferdinand - heir to Austria-Hungary throne; his assassination triggered WWI
Allies - Russia, England, France, Italy, U.S.
Central Powers - Germany, Austria-Hungary
Bolshevik Revolution - ended reign of czars and began communism in Russia
Victory Gardens - people grow their own food
Creel Committee - attempted to influence American attitude on war
Espionage and Sedition Acts - outlawed acts against the U.S.
U-boats - submarines
Lusitania - English passenger ship sunk by Germans
Zimmerman Note - Germany encouraged Mexico to join their side
War Industries Board - converted factories to war materials
Spanish Flu - Great Flu Pandemic; killed more than the Bubonic Plague
armistice - cease fire
Selective Service Act - set up the draft
Treaty of Versailles - officially ended WWI
new weapons - tank, airplane, gas, submarine, machine guns (used in Civil War)
Food Administration - how did they support the war?
Red Scare - fear of communists, anarchists, immigrants
German-Americans - mistreated during war (particularly in Kansas)
Great Depression
Hoovervilles - shantytowns
Stock Market Crash of 1929 - began the Great Depression
Dust Bowl - causes: drought, overfarming, lack of trees
New Deal - programs set up by FDR to help the country out of the Great Depression
WPA / CWA / CCC - government gave people jobs and built needed structures
TVA - built dams on Tennessee River for recreation and electricity
Social Security Act - allowed for income to the elderly.
Cause of the Great Depression - decrease in consumer demand.
Arguments for New Deal - helped unemployed get jobs, slow the Dust Bowl, and got the nation out of the Great Depression.
Argument against the New Deal - people didn’t like the government interfering in business (too much like socialism/communism).