Unit 2 Test Review Questions with Answers

Unit 2 Test Review Questions with Answers

What is radioactive decay? / This slow moving decay particle has 2 protons and 2 neutrons, just like the nucleus of a helium (He) atom. / This fast decay particle can be stopped by aluminum foil or wood and it consists of an electron.
[When an atom or atoms spontaneously break apart.] / [An alpha particle.] / [A beta particle.]
This highly dangerous decay particle has no mass and is only partially stopped by 6 inches of lead or 6 feet of concrete. / What is fisison? / What is fusion?
[A gamma particle.] / [A process in which a heavier atom breaks apart into two or more smaller particles.] / [A process in which two smaller atoms combine to form a heavier atom.]
Which process creates more energy: fission or fusion? / Name 3 places where fission is used. / Name 2 places where fusion is used.
[Fusion.] / [Any 3: nuclear reactors, nuclear bombs, nuclear submarines, PET scans in hospitals, radiation cancer treatment] / [In stars as fuel and in hydrogen bombs.]
How does a nuclear fission reactor work? / What is Bohr's model of the atom? / What is the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
[The uranium fuel undergoes fission which creates heat to boil water. The steam turns a turbine connected to an electromagnet that creates electricity.] / [It resembles a solar system, with electrons orbiting the nucleus.] / [The electrons existinorbitals within an electron cloud that surrounds the nucleus.]
How many energy levels are possible in an atom? / Name the 4 types of sublevels. / How many electrons can fit in an s sublevel?
[7.] / [s, p, d, and f.] / [2.]
How many electrons can fit in a p sublevel? / How many electrons can fit in a d sublevel? / How many electrons can fit in an f sublevel?
[6.] / [10.] / [14.]
What is the shape of an s sublevel? / What is the shape of a p sublevel? / What is the electron configuration for boron, B?
[A sphere.] / [An infinity sign or two tear drops touching at their pointed ends.] / [1s22s22p1 or [He]2s22p1.]
What is the electron configuration for Titanium, Ti? / Does an electron act as a particle or a wave? / What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency of a wave?
[1s22s22p63s23p64s23d2 or [Ar]4s23d2.] / [It acts as both a particle and a wave. It normally acts as a wave unless you are directly observing it, then it acts like a particle.] / [They are inversely proportional, when one increases, the other must decrease.]
What speed does visible light and all other electromagnetic radiation travel? / Which color of light in the spectrum (rainbow) has the largest wavelength? / Which color of light in the spectrum (rainbow) has the highest frequency?
[3.00 X 108 m/s.] / [Red.] / [Violet/purple.]
What is the wavelength of ultraviolet light that has a frequency of 3.00 X 1014 1/s? / What is the energy of ultraviolet photons being emitted if the frequency is 3.00 X 1014 1/s? / How can you identify an element based on the idea of electrons moving and the color of light emitted?
[λ = (3.00 X 108 m/s)/(3.00 X 1014 1/s) = 1.00 X 10-6 m] / [E = (6.626 X 10-34Js)(3.00 X 1014 1/s) = 1.99 X 10-19J] / [When energy is added to atoms of an element, the electron in the highest energy level jump to a higher energy level & are unstable. In order to come back to their original (ground) energy level, they release photons of colored light. The color is unique to each element.]
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in 10847Ag? / What is the density of a substance that has a mass of 72.45g and a volume of 18.654mL? (d=m/V) / Which element has the largest atomic radius (size) and which has the smallest?
[There are 47 protons and 47 electrons and 61 neutrons.] / [d = (72.45g)/(18.654mL) = 3.884 g/mL.] / [Francium (Fr) has the largest radius and Fluorine (F) has the smallest.]
This scientist was the first to develop the theory that everything is made of atoms. / This scientist developed a theory that states that all elements are made of atoms, that atoms of elements are identical, and elements combine in simple, whole-number ratios. / Completed the cathode ray experiment and discovered electrons
[Democritus] / [John Dalton] / [J J Thomson]
Performed the gold foil experiement with alpha particles and ultimately discovered the nucleus, protons and neutrons / This scientist developed a model of the atom that resembles the planets orbiting the sun. It has electrons orbiting the nucleus. / This model, developed by Erwin Schrodinger, states that electrons move around the nuclus within electron clouds, 90% probability areas.
[Ernest Rutherford] / [Neils Bohr] / [Quantum Mechanical Model]
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is also known as…. / What is Mass Number? / What is an isotope?
[the Atomic Number] / [# of protons + # of neutrons] / [Atoms of the same element with different # of neutrons]
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in an atom of 7232Ge? / How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in an atom of 20080Hg? / Carbon has two isotopes: one has a mass of 12.000amu with a % abundance of 98.93% and the second has a mass of 13.003amu and a % abundance of 1.07%. What is the atomic mass?
[32 protons, 32 electrons, and 40 neutrons] / [80 protons , 80 electrons, and 120 neutrons] / [12.01amu]