Ch 27 Summary, Prokaryotes
a. Define prokaryote:b. How old is the oldest prok. fossil? / a.
b.
2 domains
1.
2. / Description of each:
1.
2.
Cell shape
(3 main types) / a.
b.
c.
Archaea’s similarities to eukaryotes (p541) / (there are 6)
Bacteria cell wall/surface-
2 types / Gram + Gram -
Stains the color:______stains: ______
make a sketch of the wall/membrane structure for each
Genome / The main genome is:
Found where:
Additional genetics are found here:
Reproduction and genetic variation / Binary fission:
Conjugation:
Transduction:
Transformation:
4 types of nutrition / Name, description example
1.
2.
3.
4.
3 kinds of symbiosis / Name and definition example
1.
2.
3.
What are two different ways in which antibiotics work?
IMAGINARY PROKARYOTES: (these combinations may not exist in real life and may not even be biologically possible. However, your task is to identify their shapes, energy utilization and other identifying characteristics, which are useful in classifying various prokaryotes.)
- This “wee beastie” (1) uses inorganic substances for energy such as-- NH3 or H2S and (2) utilizes CO2 as a carbon source. (3) It is rod shaped and (4) stains in a Gram Stain test as pink. (5) It will use oxygen if it is present, but it can also undergo fermentation in an anaerobic environment. (6) It can live symbiotically with a host. It does not benefit or harm the host. (7) It is toxic to humans due to molecules found in the cell’s outer membrane. (8) They are motile but do not use flagella, how do they most likely move?
- (1) This prokaryote uses light as an Energy source and (2) organic compounds as a source of carbon. (3) It is round, ball shaped and (4) its cell wall layer of peptidoglycan is the outer layer (no outer plasma membrane). (5) After reading the previous description, 4, to which domain does it belong? (6)This prokaryote has to be in an environment without oxygen. (7) It lives symbiotically with its host in a beneficial relationship between itself and its host.
Ch 28 Summary
Protists
3 general groups / Type description and example
1. animal-like=______:
2. plant-like=______:
3. fungus-like:
3 main nutrition modes / Type, definition, example
1.
2.
3.
Different modes of reproduction &/or genetic variation / fig 13.6
fig 28.12
fig 28.31
Clades: brief description, EXAMPLE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Ch 31 Summary, Fungi What is a fungus? / Draw fig 31.2,
label the parts
including:
spores,
n, 2n,
cell walls: are made of:
what are haustoria?
Nutrition mode and three types / fungi acquire their nutrients by:
1.
2.
3.
Describe figs 31.5, .12, .17, .20 with help from lab 3 and Sordaria / (know the –ogamy terms)