Name: ______

Exam 1 Study GuideKEY

Characteristics of Life

  1. What are the 6 characteristics of life?

*Grow and develop* Pass on DNA

*Reproduce* Energy

*Are made of cells* Sense and respond to change

  1. What is the difference between abiotic and biotic (provide an example for each)?

Definition: Examples:

Abiotic: Non-living/never livingRocks, water, air

Biotic: Living/ once livingTree, animal, dead log

  1. What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?

Sexual reproduction: 2 parents produce an offspring that is a mix of the two

Asexual reproduction: 1 parent produces an offspring that is identical to the parent

  1. What is the difference between growth and development?

Growth: Getting larger, gaining size, height or weight

Development: Maturing and changing as an organism gets older

  1. What is the difference between a multicellular and unicellular organism?

Multicellular:Many cells

Unicellular: One cell

  1. Provide an example of a stimulus and a response.

Stimulus: The temperature drops

Response: You shiver

  1. What is homeostasis?Maintaining a balanced or stable internal enviornment

Chemistry of Life

  1. Fill out the following chart.

Protein / Lipid / Carbohydrate / Nucleic Acid
Monomer (subunit) / Amino Acid / Fatty Acid / Simple Sugar / Nucleotide
How We Use It / Build/repair / Long term energy / Short term energy / Code for proteins
  1. Which 2 macromolecules give us energy?Carbohydrates and Lipids

Scientific Method

  1. What are the 6 steps of the scientific method?

1. Ask a Question

2. Do research

3. Make hypothesis

4.Test hypothesis (experiment)

5. Record and analyze results

6. State conclusion and share results

  1. What is the difference between an observation and an inference?

Observation:A FACT based off of your 5 senses

Inference: A guess based on your observations

  1. A student wonders about how listening to music will effect their ability to focus on homework. What is a hypothesis they could test?

Ifstudents listen to music while they do homework

Thenthey will not be able to focus

  1. Define the following words:

Dependent Variable-the variable being measured

Independent Variable-the variable being tested or changed

Controlled Variable-the variable staying the same

Experimental Group-the group treated with the independent variable

Control Group-the group not treated with the independent variable

  1. A farmer thinks that chickens may lay fewer eggs in a colder chicken coop. He kept 10 chickens in their normal coop (70°F)and another 10 chickens in a coop kept at 50°F. He used the same kind of chickens for his experiment and fed them the same amount every day. He counted how many eggs the chickens laid each day. Identify the parts of his experiment.

Dependent Variable: number of eggsControl Group:normal coop

Independent Variable: temperatureExperimental Group:colder coop

Controlled Variable:Number of chickens (10)

  1. The dependent variable goes on the Y-axis. The independent variable goes on the X-axis.

Lab Safety/Procedures

  1. What is a meniscus?

The “dip” of water in a graduated cyllindar

  1. Review your lab safety contract, be familiar with the rules!
  1. Test TubeGraduated cylinder Beaker

Microscopes

  1. You will need to know the parts of a microscope. Review your microscope notes or quiz to practice this!
  2. How do you calculate the total magnification of a microscope?
  1. What are the 5 types of microscopes? *Simple microscope* Compound Light Microscope

*Stereomicroscope *Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)*Transmission Electron Microscope

  1. What is the difference between a simple and compound microscope?

Simple: 1 lensCompound: 2 lenses

  1. What type of microscope do we use in class most often?Compound Light Microscope
  2. What are the two types of electron microscopes? What is the difference between them?

*Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) Surface of objects-

*Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM) Through object, see the inside and only can observe dead objects