Modern Biology Study Guide Final Exam Semester 1 2013-2014

This study guide will not be collected or graded, however, it is obviously in your best interest to know everything on it. The final covers all material from the first semester (chapters 1-9, 12, BIG IDEAS OF 10,). The final is all on a scantron. Each question is worth 1 point. Some of the questions are the same as you had on previous exams, some are new questions but all are topics that were tested on previously – there is no new material. There are about some vocabulary words or key terms from the chapters that are in the form of matching (NO short answer) if you understand the chapters you should be able to do the vocabulary. There are less questions on this study guide than the final because one question/statement may pertain to several questions on the test. If you understand everything on this study guide you should do well on the final.

  1. Know the types of organic compounds….

  1. How do you arrange electrons in an atom and how this relates to bonds forming?
  2. Know the tests to identify proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and what a positive result is. Also, be able to identify organic compounds from their structure, and where in the body you might find them/what they are used for.
  3. How the pH scale works (which is more acidic/basic and by how much).
  4. Quantitative vs qualitative data
  5. Difference between covalent, ionic and hydrogen bonding.
  6. What is an enzyme, how do they work?
  7. Know the ways of getting materials into and out of a cell and which ones require energy and which ones do not.
  8. Recognize the organelles we discussed and know what their function is.
  9. Know the structure of an atom – what parts they have, and where you find them
  10. Know the difference between hypotonic and hypertonic and be able to predict solute or solvent movement.
  11. What is the function of glycolysis
  12. What are the electrons doing in photosynthesis, where are they coming from and where are they going.
  13. What molecules are required in the light dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis.
  14. Difference between haploid and diploid and where you find examples of them.
  15. Know the phases of mitosis and meiosis and what is happening with the chromosomes during each phase.
  16. What is synapsis?
  17. Know the main parts of the cell cycle, their order and what happens in each.
  18. Know how to do punnett squares and predict outcomes
  19. Know the difference between homozygous and heterozygous, dominant and recessive
  20. Know the different types of RNA and what they are for.
  21. How does DNA replication work and what parts/enzymes are involved in it
  22. Know how to do transcription and translation
  23. Know the structure of DNA as well as base pairing rules
  24. The difference between malignant and benign tumors
  25. Know the genotypes and phenotypes of the ABO blood groups
  26. Know the steps of the scientific method, good experimental design, and data analysis
  27. The three phases of matter and the differences between them
  28. What is a buffer and how does it work
  29. The hierarchy of structure in living organisms
  30. The difference between cilia and flagella
  31. What are cell membranes made up of?
  32. How the sodium-potassium pump functions (what goes in/out)
  33. What is produced by lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation
  34. The difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis

36. What is hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis, monomers and polymers

37. The relationship between chromosomes, chromatin and DNA.

38. The products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration

39. The elements that make up the majority of living organisms.

40. The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

41. What is polygenic, know that most traits including eye color are polygenic.

42. Similarities and differences in mitosis and meiosis (starting chromosomes, # divisions, # of cells in the end).

43. The relationship between the sex chromosomes and males/females.

44. Punnett squares for sex-linked traits.

45. Know how to use the genetic code chart, involving mRNA and amino acids.

I would pull out ALL of your chapter PREPS and study from them……..go through and highlight them as you study and work through review materials.