ACA Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Test Review

Name: ______Date: ______Period: ______

ACA Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Test Review

1. DNA TAC CGC TCC GCC GTC GAC ACT

mRNA

AA

1. Put the events of genetic expression in the correct order. (Protein-RNA-Genetic Expression-DNA-Amino Acid)

1. When there is a mutation in the gamete of an organism, where will it be most likely transferred to?

1. If a gene that expresses a trait, such as color, is inserted into the DNA strand of another organism, and this organism’s cells express that trait, the scientist knows that what two things have occurred?

1. Scientists search genome-wide databases to find genetic variations associated with common diseases such as cancer and diabetes. Scientists must obtain blood samples or cheek swabs from people to contribute to the database because these cells contain – half a set of DNA or a complete set of DNA (circle one)

1. What can be determined by examining the karyotype of the individual to the right?

1. What process is shown in X?

1. What process is shown in Y?

1. What process is shown in Z?

1. Wherein the cell does the process at location Z take place?

Answer the following questions using the diagram above.

11. What process is being depicted?

12. What does B represent?

13. What does D represent?

14. What does F represent?

15. What is the purpose of the cellular process depicted to the right?

16. Where inside the cell does the cellular process occur that is depicted to the right?

Matching; Match the correct mutation with the correct diagram

17. Insertion Mutation

18. Substitution Mutation

19. Translocation Mutation

20. Deletion Mutation

T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-A T-G-A-G-G-T-T-T-A

T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-A T-G-C-A-G-G-T-C-T-A

T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-A T-G-G-G-T-C-T-A

T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-A T-G-A-T-A-C-G-G-T

21.The strand-slippage hypothesis states that mutations often occur in DNA in areas that contain many repeated sequences. When a strand-slippage occurs, an insertion mutation may result. What is an insertion mutation and how does the insertion mutation affect the DNA?

22. What is the mRNA sequence transcribed from this segment of DNA?

DNA TAC GCC GTC GAC ACT CGC

mRNA

23. DNA segment is changed from TTGCCA to TTGGCCA. This is a(n)mutation

24. DNA segment is changed from TTGCCA to TAGCCA. This is a(n) mutation

25. What causes a frameshift mutation and what does it do?

26. In 1952 Rosalind Franklin took the x-ray photograph shown to the right, which gave the world its first look at DNA. What did scientists gain knowledge of by studying the photograph?

Matching: Match the correct mutation with the definition

27. Mutation that results from a change in a single nucleotide.

28. Mutation from the deletion of a single nucleotide.

29. Mutation from the insertion of single nucleotide.

30. Mutation where the amino acid does not change.

31. Mutation when one amino acid is changed.

32.Mutation when there is a premature stop signal.

33. True or False: DNA cannot exit the nucleus, as it is too big of a molecule.

34. Changes in DNA are known as:

1