Practice Test IV

______

  1. A digestive organ which is not part of the alimentary canal is the:
  2. Stomach
  3. Liver
  4. Small intestine
  5. Large intestine
  6. Pharynx
  1. Which of the following is a part of the splanchnic circulation?
  2. Hepatic artery
  3. Left gastric artery
  4. Splenic artery
  5. Hepatic portal vein
  6. All of the above
  1. The GI tract layer responsible for the actions of peristalsis and segmentation is:
  2. Serosa
  3. Mucosa
  4. Muscularis externa
  5. Submucosa
  6. None of the above
  1. Which of the following are aspects of the digestive process?
  2. Ingestion
  3. Mechanical digestion
  4. Absorption

a.I only

  1. II only
  2. I and II only
  3. II and III only
  4. I, II, and III
  1. In the mouth:
  2. The teeth begin the mechanical breakdown of food
  3. Saliva dissolves chemicals in food to activate taste buds
  4. The roof is formed solely by the hard palate

a.I only is correct

  1. II only is correct
  2. III only is correct
  3. I and II only are correct
  4. I, II, and III are correct
  1. Which of the following is a component of gastric juice?
  2. HCl
  3. Mucus
  4. Intrinsic factor
  5. Pepsinogen
  6. All of the above
  1. The portal triad includes all of the following EXCEPT:
  2. Central vein
  3. Branches of the hepatic artery
  4. Branches of the hepatic portal vein
  5. Bile duct
  6. All of the above are included in the portal triad
  1. Which of the following will NOT cause an increase in salivation:
  2. Sight of food
  3. Thought of food
  4. Sympathetic stimulation
  5. Parasympathetic stimulation
  6. Presence of food in the mouth
  1. The function of the gall bladder is to produce bile.
  2. True
  3. False
  1. Alkaline tide is a term used to describe a fall in blood pH after a meal.
  2. True
  3. False
  1. From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen.
  2. Muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa, and submucosa
  3. Serosa, mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis externa
  4. Submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa, and mucosa
  5. Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
  6. Mucosa, serosa, submucosa, muscularis externa
  1. Which of the following statements about a tooth is NOT true?
  2. The pulp cavity is avascular but is highly innervated
  3. The majority of an individual tooth is made up of dentin
  4. Enamel is hard and more resistant than bone
  5. The periodontal ligaments attach the tooth in position
  6. Root canals are extensions of the pulp cavity that runs through the root of the tooth
  1. Which of the following enzymes CAN be converted to the active form without the action of enterokinase?
  2. Trypsinogen
  3. Chymotrypsinogen
  4. Procarboxy peptidase
  5. Proelastase
  6. Pepsinogen
  1. Villi:

a.Are larger in the duodenum

b.Can contract to increase circulation of lymph

c.Contains lacteals

d.All of the above

  1. None of the above
  1. Which of the following is a final product of complete starch digestion?
  2. Galactose
  3. Sucrose
  4. Peptidase
  5. Lactose
  6. All of the above
  1. Select the correct statement about the digestive process.
  2. Enterogastrone is a hormone that helps increase gastric motility
  3. Pepsin is an enzyme produced by the stomach for the purpose of starch digestion
  4. Chyme entering the duodenum can decrease gastric motility via the enterogastric reflex
  5. All commonly ingested substances are significantly absorbed by the mucosa of the stomach
  6. None of the above
  1. Select the correct statement about absorption.
  2. 8% of ingested materials have been absorbed by the end of the large intestine
  3. Carbohydrate diffuse across the villus epithelium and are then actively transported into blood capillaries
  4. Takes place solely in the colon
  5. If intact proteins are transported across the villus epithelium, an immune response may be generated
  1. All of the following are excreted by the kidney EXCEPT?
  2. Billirbin
  3. Glucose
  4. Creatinine
  5. Ammonia
  6. Urea
  1. Which of the following is the correct sequence of blood passing to the glomerulus?

i -Interlobular artery

ii -Segmental artery

iii-Interlobar artery

iv-Arcuate artery

v-Renal artery

  1. v, ii, iii, iv, i
  2. i, ii, iii, iv, v
  3. v, i, ii, iii, iv
  4. v, iii, iv, i, ii
  5. v, iv, iii, i, ii
  1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney?
  2. Production and release of calcitrol and erythropoietin
  3. Storage of urine
  4. Regulation of blood composition and pH
  5. Regulation of blood volume and pressure
  6. Maintenance of blood osmolarity
  1. The transport maximum for glucose is:
  2. 125 ml/min
  3. 125 mg/min
  4. 375 mg/min
  5. 375 ml/min
  6. 375 mm/Hg
  1. If you took a drug that inhibited the reabsorption of Na+ in the PCT, you would:
  2. Have an increased urine output
  3. Have a decreased urine output
  4. Have a decreased plasma [bilirubin] and become jaundiced
  5. Have decreased absorption of fats and have grey-white feces
  6. None of the above
  1. Podocytes make up the:
  2. Visceral layer of the nephron
  3. Visceral layer of the glomerulus
  4. Visceral layer of the renal capsule
  5. Visceral layer of the glomerular capsule
  6. Visceral layer of the peritoneum
  1. What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?
  2. GFR would increase
  3. GFR would decrease
  4. GFR would not change
  1. While the kidneys process about 180L of blood-derived fluids per day, the amount that actually leaves the body is:
  2. 50%, or 90L
  3. 100%, or 180L
  4. 10%, or 18L
  5. 1%, or 1.8L
  6. 0%
  1. The net filtration pressure in the glomerulus is?
  2. 125 mg/min
  3. 55 mmHg
  4. 10 mmHg
  5. 30 mmHg
  6. 15 mmHg
  1. Aldosterone causes:
  2. Decreased K+ in the urine
  3. Increased Na+ in the urine
  4. Increased urine output
  5. Decreased urine output
  6. More than one answer is correct
  1. During reabsorption, Na+ crosses the apical walls of the proximal tubule cells into the interstitial fluid principally by means of:
  2. Phagocytosis
  3. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
  4. Simple diffusion
  5. Active transport
  6. Passive transport
  1. Hormonal control of urinary excretion primarily affects:
  2. Bowman's capsules
  3. DCTs and collecting ducts
  4. PCTs and Loops of Henle
  5. Urinary Bladder
  6. Glomerular corpuscle
  1. Which structures are freely permeable to water?
  2. DCT
  3. Thick ascending limb
  4. Descending limb
  5. a and b
  6. b, and c