Biology I
Plants –Chapters 20-22
Vocabulary
Use the biology book to define the following terms:
- Characteristics of all plants-multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic, have cell walls made of cellulose, perform photosynthesis
- cuticle pg. 614
- fruit pg. 622
- pollination pg. 620
- cotyledon pg. 625
- wood pg.627
- flower pg.622
- seed pg. 614
- parenchyma cell pg.640
- collenchyma cell pg. 640
- sclerenchyma cellpg. 140
- dermal tissue pg. 642
- ground tissue pg. 642
- meristem pg. 648
- root cap pg. 648
- fibrous root pg. 649
- taproot pg. 649
- blade pg. 652
- petiole pg. 652
- sporophyte pg. 664
- gameophyte pg. 664
- gibberellin pg.680
- ethylene pg. 681
- cytokinin pg. 681
- auxin pg. 681
- Two main divisions in the plant kingdom- Vascular and Nonvascular
- Bryophytes- also known as Nonvascular plants
- Tracheophytes- also known as Vascular plants
- The 3 divisions of Bryophytes- Bryophyta, Hepatophyta, Antheocerophyta
- Division Bryophyta- Mosses
- Division Hepatophyta- Liverworts
- Division Antheocerophyta- Hornworts
- Vascular tissue- found in vascular plants, tissues that transport material throughout the plant
- Two types of vascular tissue- Xylem and Phloem
- Xylem- carries water and minerals from the roots to the stem and leaves
- Phloem- carries sugar form the leaves to where it is needed in the plant
- Seedless Vascular Plants- do not form flowers and seeds for reproduction , instead form SPORES
- Seed Producing Vascular Plants- produce seeds or flowers for reproduction, 2 divisions Angiosperms and Gymnosperms
- Angiosperms- Flowering plants that have seeds enclosed in fruit
- 2 divisions of Angiosperms- Monocots and Dicots
- Monocot- Angiosperms that have one seed leaf, have parallel veins, and flower parts come in 3’s Ex. grasses, bananas, corn
- Dicots- Angiosperms that have two seed leaves, have netted veins, and flowers come in 4 or 5’s Ex. Trees, roses, daisies
- Gymnosperms- produce seeds that are naked and not protected by fruit
- Sepal – encloses the bud and protects the flower while it is growing
- Petal- brightly colored, used to attract insects and other pollinators
- Stamen- the male part of the flower, 2 parts (Filament and Anther)
- Filament- supports the anther
- Anther- contains the pollen
- Pistil- the female part of the flower, 3 parts( Stigma, Style, Ovary)
- Stigma- sticky portion found at the tip of the style where pollen grains land
- Style- supports the stigma
- Ovary- where the eggs of the plant are found
- Mesophyll- contains chloroplast and is where nearly all photosynthetic activity take place in most plants
- Stomata- pore-like openings in the leaves of plants that allow CO2 and O2 to diffuse in and out of the plant
- Guard Cell- Control the opening and closing of the stomata