Review Due Wednesday 6/11/2014

Answer the following on a separate piece of paper. All questionsmust be answered to get credit . Just trust me when I say that this is worth your time. Please clearly label all question numbers and lettered parts. If I cannot read what you wrote it is incorrect.

  1. Significant figures:

Explain the rules for finding the number of significant figures in a number and then give two examples.

  1. Accuracy, precision and error:

a)Define the three terms above

b)Show a set of numbers that is accurate but not precise

c)Show a set of numbers that is both accurate and precise

d)Show the formula to calculate the percent error and give an example problem.

  1. Explain the difference between a physical and a chemical property.
  2. Give an example of each
  1. Density:

a)Define and give the formula

b)Make a density graph for a substance that has a density of 5.0g/mL. Be sure to label both axes.

  1. The Atom:

a)Tell of the contributions made by Dalton, JJ Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr.

b)Draw a picture of an atom and label the nucleus and where the protons, neutrons, and electrons are.

c)Explain how to determine how many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in an atom. When discussing how to count electrons be sure to include what to do if you have an ion.

d)Define valence electrons and explain how to count how many an atom has. Be sure to include what you do if you have an ion.

e)Define isotope.

f)Explain what atomic mass is and how you would calculate its value.

g)Explain how to find the electron configuration of an atom. Be specific and give an example.

h)What did Aufbau, Pauli, and Hund have to say about electrons and how they fill into orbitals?

i)Explain how electrons must move between energy levels. Be sure to include the Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen series. (We didn’t cover this, but you should be able to find it on Google)

  1. The periodic table:

a)Draw a periodic table and label the following:

Metals, nonmetals, alkali metals, alkaline Earth metals, transition metals, inner-transition metals, calcogens (oxygen group), halogens, noble gases, a period, a family (group), s-block, p-block, d-block, and f-block

b)Define periodic law

c)Define and give the trends for the following (use arrows on drawing)

  1. Atomic radii
  2. Electronegativity
  3. Ionization energy
  1. Radioactivity:

a)Define three radioactive

b)Explain radioactive decay

c)Define half life and give an example problem using C-14, half life 5730 years

d)Define the terms fission and fusion. Which is stronger? Which is used for nuclear power?

  1. Nomenclature:

a)Define molecular compound

b)Explain how to name a molecular compound when given the formula and give three examples

c)Explain how to write the formula of a molecular compound from the name and give three examples.

d)Define ionic compound, cation and anion.

e)Explain how to name an ionic compound when given the formula and give three examples. Be sure to include roman numerals and polyatomic ions.

f)Explain how to write the formula of an ionic compound from the name and give three examples. Be sure to include roman numerals and polyatomic ions.

8. Reactions:

  1. Name the five types of reactions, give an example of each, and indicate how the reaction would be recognized.
  2. Explain how you could tell if a single replacement reaction would occur. Give an example of one reaction that would react and one that would not.
  3. Explain how you could predict the products of a double replacement reaction. Give and example of a reaction and explain how the products were determined.
  4. How does the conservation of mass effect a reaction?
  5. What is a redox reaction?
  1. Mole:

g)What are the three representative particles and what type of substance does each represent? Give an example for each.

h)Define a mole in terms of volume, mass, and representative particles.

i)Write three questions pertaining to the mole and answer each. Please show all of your work.

j)Define percent composition. Write a problem where you are to find the percent composition. Answer the question and please show all work.

k)Define empirical formula. Give two examples comparing molecular formulas to their respective empirical formulas.

  1. Stoichiometry:
  2. Explain the idea of mole ratios. Show an example reaction and explain how to find the mole ratios.
  3. Write three questions utilizing mole ratios and answer each question. Please show all work for the problems.
  4. Explain the idea of limiting reagents. Please write a problem where limiting reagents would be used – answer the question, again – show all work, again.
  5. Write a problem where you would find the percent yield. Answer it – show work.
  1. Gas Laws –
  2. List the combined gas law and ideal gas law

b. Dalton’s law of Partial pressure – explain

c. What is STP?

d. Why do we have to use Kelvin temp scale always?

e. How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin?

f. Determine the number of moles of gas at 2.5 atm and 25celsius.

  1. Acid/Base
  2. Arrhenius definition
  3. Bronsted-Lowry definition
  4. Give example of how to find pH when given [H+]
  5. Give example of how to find [H+] when given pH.
  6. What is pH?
  1. Heat and heating curve
  2. What is exothermic? Draw potential energy diagram?
  3. What is endothermic? Draw potential energy diagram?
  4. What is formula for determining heat needed to melt?
  5. What is the formula for determining heat to boil water?
  6. What is heat of fusion (Hf)?
  7. What is heat of vaporization(Hv)?
  8. What is specific heat?
  9. How much heat is needed to melt 12grams of ice?
  10. How much heat is needed to warm 25 grams of aluminum from 25oC to 37oC? (get Cp from yellow packet)
  11. Draw a heating curve and label with all 6 phase changes and Hf and Hv