DK4T 04 (HSC374/CHS35)Provide first aid to an individual needing emergency assistance
Elements of competence
HSC374.1 / Prepare to provide first aid to individualsHSC374.2 / Provide first aid to individuals
About this Unit
For this Unit you need to be able demonstrate your responsibility to make sure you are fit for work in clinical areas and focus on preventing cross infection from a personal point of view.
Scope
The scope is here to give you guidance on possible areas to be covered in this Unit. The terms in this section give you a list of options linked with items in the performance criteria. You need to provide evidence for any option related to your work area.
Appropriate others with regard to the need to determine and confirm death of the individual could include mortuary attendants, receiving doctors and police officers
Assistance can be from: other first aid qualified personnel; qualified ambulance personnel; paramedic; doctor/clinician; first contact nurse
Condition conditions could include: shock; injuries/blockages to the respiratory system; injuries to soft tissues/organs and haemorrhaging; injuries to bones, muscles and joints; burns or scalds; illness or medical conditions
First aid could include: stabilisation prior to receiving specialist emergency assistance (e.g. placing in recovery position, clearing airway); protection and treatment of minor injuries (e.g. immobilisation of limbs, cleaning and covering of open wounds, applying compresses to minimise swellings); direction/referral to other health services for the treatment/care of major injuries
Individual could include: child or young person; adult of a working age; older person
Standard precautions and health and safety measuresincluding: hand washing/cleansing before during and after the activity; the use of personal protective clothing and additional protective equipment; handling contaminated items; disposing of waste; safe moving and handling techniques and untoward incident procedures
Your knowledge and understanding for this unit will relate to legal requirements and codes of practice applicable to the scope of your work and others with whom you work; the nature of the work you are undertaking; your role and level of responsibility within your organisation (e.g. whether you have responsibility to support the work of others); the individuals, key1 people and others with whom you are required to work and the degree of autonomy you have for the management of your own work activities.
Values underpinning the whole of the Unit
The values underpinning this unit have been derived from the key purpose statement2, the statement2 of expectations from carers and people receiving services, relevant service standards and codes of practice for health and social care in the four UK countries. If you are working with children and young people they can be found in the principles of care unit HSC34. If you are working with adults they can be found in HSC35. To achieve this unit you must demonstrate that you have applied the principles of care outlined in either unit HSC34 or HSC35 in your practice and through your knowledge.
This unit is directly transferable to Health national occupational standard CHS35
Evidence Requirements for the Unit
It is essential that you adhere to the Evidence Requirements for this Unit – please see details overleaf.
If you are working with children and young people the term “individuals” covers children and young people and key people” covers parents, families, carers, friends and others with whom the child/young person has a supportive relationship
2The key purpose identified for those working in health and social care settings is “to provide an integrated, ethical and inclusive service, which meets agreed needs and outcomes of people requiring health and/or social care”
SPECIFIC Evidence Requirements for this unitSimulation:
- Simulation IS permitted for some of this unit.
The following forms of evidence ARE mandatory:
- Direct Observation: Your assessor or an expert witness must observe you in real work activities which provide evidence for a significant number of the performance criteria in this unit. You could be observed for example dealing with an actual emergency – or putting procedures in place to ensure other staff know what to do in relation to First aid.
- Reflective Account/professional discussion: These will be a description of when and how you carried out First Aid procedures on individuals. Whilst some simulation is permitted, you MUST also provide evidence relating to real work activities.
- Products which are mandatory to complete in your workplace when you carry out First Aid procedures.
Competence of performance and knowledge could also be demonstrated using a variety of evidence from the following:
- Questioning/professional discussion: May be used to provide evidence of knowledge, legislation, policies and procedures which cannot be fully evidenced through direct observation or reflective accounts. In addition the assessor/expert witness may also ask questions to clarify aspects of your practice.
- Expert Witness: A designated expert witness (for example First Aid Trainer) may provide direct observation of practice, questioning, professional discussion and feedback on reflective accounts.
- Witness testimony: Can be a confirmation or authentication of the activities described in your evidence which your assessor has not seen. This could be provided by a work colleague or service-user.
- Products: These can be reports on individuals, accident book, diary evidence of day to day practice, First Aid Training certificate etc.
GENERAL GUIDANCE
- Prior to commencing this unit you should agree and complete an assessment plan with your assessor which details the assessment methods you will be using, and the tasks you will be undertaking to demonstrate your competence.
- Evidence must be provided for ALL of the performance criteria ALL of the knowledge and the parts of the scope that are relevant to your job role.
- The evidence must reflect the policies and procedures of your workplace and be linked to current legislation, values and the principles of best practice within the Care Sector. This will include the National Service Standards for your areas of work and the individuals you care for.
- All evidence must relate to your own work setting – whether real or simulated.
Knowledge specification for this unit
Competent practice is a combination of the application of skills and knowledge informed by values and ethics. This specification details the knowledge and understanding required to carry out competent practice in the performance described in this unit.
When using this specification it is important to read the knowledge requirements in relation to expectations and requirements of your job role.
You need to provide evidence for ALL knowledge points listed below. There are a variety of ways this can be achieved so it is essential that you read the ‘knowledge evidence’ section of the Assessment Guidance.
You need to show that you know, understand and can apply in practice: / Enter Evidence NumbersValues
1A working understanding of the legislation regarding confidentiality and information sharing, the provision of services, the rights of the individual, protection issues, anti-discriminatory practice, informed consent, relevant mental health legislation and care programme approach.
2A working understanding of the ethics concerning consent and confidentiality, and the tensions which may exist between an individual’s rights and the organisation’s responsibility to individuals.
3A working understanding of the importance of gaining assent from individuals who lack capacity to consent.
Legislation and organisational policy and procedures
4A working understanding of how to interpret and apply legislation to the work being undertaken.
5A working understanding of the policies and procedures to be followed when immobilising injuries.
Theory and practice
Generic healthcare knowledge and understanding
6A working understanding of basic features of anatomy and physiology as relevant to the provision of non-specialist first aid.
7An in-depth understanding of the importance of informed consent and how to gain it.
8A factual awareness of the priorities in life support.
9An in-depth understanding of the importance to the outcome for the individual, of clear, accurate and effective communication at the point of handover to others.
10A factual awareness of the pulse sites and rate norms for different types of individual.
Specialist healthcare knowledge and understanding
11A working understanding of the different positions into which an individual with particular conditions should be put, to achieve the best possible outcome for them, including shock, individuals who are unconscious but breathing, severe bleeding, suspected head/spinal injuries.
12A working understanding of how to manoeuvre an individual safely, quickly and effectively into the appropriate position.
You need to show that you know, understand and can apply in practice: / Enter Evidence Numbers
13A working understanding of the causes of shock and the factors which may indicate an individual is in shock.
14A working understanding of the clinical signs of:
(a)asphyxia
(b)bleeding/hypovolaemic shock
(c)internal bleeding
(d)fracture
(e)dislocation
(f)sprain
(g)strain
(h)brain injury
15A working understanding of how to recognise the appropriate sterile dressing to be used in relation to particular injuries.
16A factual awareness of the location of pressure points and their use in stopping bleeding.
17A working understanding of the factors affecting bleeding from different parts of the body.
18An in-depth understanding of how external bleeding could affect the individual’s circulation.
19A working understanding of how the human body reacts to a wound in order to stop the bleeding and limit further damage.
20A working understanding of the complications associated with fractures and dislocations and means of detection.
21A working understanding of the main indicators available to aid in the assessment of:
(a)cerebro-vascular incident
(b)cardiac condition
(c)epileptic fit
(d)diabetic emergency
(e)infant convulsions
(f)chronic obstructive airway disease
(g)anaphylactic shock
22An in-depth understanding of the limits of first aid and the importance of summoning additional and specialist assistance without undue delay.
Procedures and techniques
23A working understanding of the procedure involved in checking whether an individual is conscious and breathing.
24A working understanding of basic ventilation techniques and procedures for the control of hyperventilation.
25A working understanding of the procedure for conducting a head to toe assessment of the individual including any questions that should be asked of the individual.
26An in-depth understanding of the importance of prioritising individuals in need of emergency assistance and what methods to use in doing this.
27A working understanding of the procedures for dealing with foreign bodies in the eye and in wounds.
28An in-depth understanding of the procedure involved in providing artificial ventilation.
You need to show that you know, understand and can apply in practice: / Enter Evidence Numbers
29A factual awareness of the ventilation: compression ratio and rate for different types of individual.
30A working understanding of the procedure to establish the correct hand/finger placement for external chest compression.
31A factual awareness of the personal safety procedures to be followed when dealing with burns.
32A working understanding of the procedures for dealing with different categories and types of burn and scald.
HSC374.1Prepare to provide first aid to individuals
Performance criteriaDO / RA / EW / Q / P / WT
1You identify and respond appropriately to any risks to your own or others’ safety.
2You obtain the individual’s informed consent before working with them.
3You perform a systematic and thorough check of the individual’s airway, breathing and circulation.
4You form an accurate, full and balanced assessment of the nature and severity of the individual’s condition.
5You prepare the individual, yourself, materials and equipment in a manner appropriate to their needs, condition and the intended first aid.
6You place the individual in a safe position which does not adversely affect their condition.
HSC374.2Provide first aid to individuals
Performance criteriaDO / RA / EW / Q / P / WT
1You provide first aid in a manner that is consistent with:
(a)legislation
(b)your level of competence
(c)achieving the optimum outcome for the individual
2You apply universal precautions for the control of infection and prevention of contamination.
3You respect the privacy, dignity, wishes and beliefs of individuals when working with them.
4You interact with individuals:
(a)in a calm and reassuring manner
(b)by actively listening and responding to what the individual says, observing his/her behaviour and reactions
5You support the individual throughout, encouraging them to promote their own health and well being.
6You monitor, identify and respond to any changes in the individual’s condition.
DO = Direct ObservationRA = Reflective AccountQ = Questions
EW = Expert Witness P = Product (Work)WT = Witness Testimony
HSC374.2Provide first aid to individuals (cont)
Performance criteriaDO / RA / EW / Q / P / WT
7You determine and confirm when death has occurred, within the limits of your own role, accountability and scope of practice, or inform an appropriate other of the need for them to make this confirmation.
8You summon additional and specialist assistance immediately where an individual’s needs exceed your competence, providing support and first aid as required until such assistance arrives.
9You provide accurate and clear information about the individual’s health status and needs when transferring them into the care of others.
DO = Direct ObservationRA = Reflective AccountQ = Questions
EW = Expert Witness P = Product (Work)WT = Witness Testimony
To be completed by the CandidateI SUBMIT THIS AS A COMPLETE UNIT
Candidate’s name: ……………………………………………
Candidate’s signature: ………………………………………..
Date: …………………………………………………………..
To be completed by the Assessor
It is a shared responsibility of both the candidate and assessor to claim evidence, however, it is the responsibility of the assessor to ensure the accuracy/validity of each evidence claim and make the final decision.
I certify that sufficient evidence has been produced to meet all the elements, pcS AND KNOWLEDGE OF THIS UNIT.
Assessor’s name: …………………………………………….
Assessor’s signature: ………………………………………....
Date: …………………………………………………………..
Assessor/Internal Verifier Feedback
To be completed by the Internal Verifier if applicable
This section only needs to be completed if the Unit is sampled by the Internal Verifier
Internal Verifier’s name: ……………………………………………
Internal Verifier’s signature: ………………………………………..
Date: ……………………………………..…………………………..
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Unit: DK4T 04 (HSC374/CHS35) Provide first aid to an individual needing emergency assistance