Disease Unit Review#2

What are the cause, methods of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and ways to prevent the following:

  1. The common cold?
  2. Cause: Rhinovirus that enters the nose, high levels of stress
  3. Transmission: Inhaled air, touching an infected object, touching your face
  4. Symptoms: Runny nose, watery eyes, sore throat, cough, headaches (last 12-14 days)
  5. Diagnose/treatment: Plenty of rest and drink plenty of water, OTC medicines to help relieve the symptoms
  6. Prevention:Wash hands often, don’t touch your face
  7. Influenza?
  8. Causes: Viral infection of the respiratory tract
  9. Transmission: Person to person, contact with infected object, breathing infected air. Virus enters mouth, nose, or eyes
  10. Symptoms: Headache, chills, stuffy nose, sore throat, dry cough, body ache
  11. Diagnose/Treatment: Bed rest, drink fluids, aspirin or Tylenol for pain
  12. Prevention: Flu shot, wash hands often, don’t touch face
  13. Pneumonia?
  14. Causes: Infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, virus, or other pathogen
  15. Transmission: Direct contact with infected person or object, untreated respiratory infections and allergies
  16. Diagnose/Treatment: Lab test, chest x-ray, physical exam, antibiotics for bacteria, possible hospital stay for viral infection
  17. Symptoms: Shortness of breath, coughing, chest pain, weakness, fever, chills
  18. Prevention: Avoid direct contact, wash hands often
  19. Strep Throat?
  20. Cause: Bacterial infection of the throat
  21. Transmission: Spread through coughing, sneezing, contact with infected object
  22. Symptoms: Fever, sore throat
  23. Diagnose/Treatment: Throat culture, antibiotics, rest and plenty of fluids
  24. Prevention: Avoid contact with infected person and objects, wash hands often
  25. Tuberculosis?
  26. Cause: Bacterial infection of the lungs
  27. Transmission: Coughing and sneezing, breathing infected air
  28. Symptoms: Extreme tiredness, coughing, night sweats, loss of appetite, low grade fever, chills
  29. Diagnose: Treatment: TB shot, chest x-ray, antibiotics when effective
  30. Prevention: Avoid contact with infected person, periodic shots, especially if in contact with infected person
  31. What is cystic fibrosis and how is it managed and treated?

It is a condition in which large amounts of abnormally thick mucus are produced, particularly in the lungs and pancreas. Body organs may be damaged by accumulations of this mucus. Signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis include coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, vomiting and constipation. The sweat of people with cystic fibrosis contains an excessive amount of salt. Cystic fibrosis is caused by an abnormal gene.

  1. What is epilepsy and how is it managed and treated?

It is a disorder in which abnormal electrical activity in the brain causes a temporary loss of control of the mind and body. A seizure is a period in which a person loses control over mind and body. People who are having major seizures can be helped by removal of objects that may injure them. Do not place anything in the mouth. Although people of all ages can get epilepsy, it usually affects children, teens, and young adults. Epilepsy can be caused by head injury, brain tumors, stroke, poisoning, or infection. Heredity also plays a role in some cases of epilepsy.

  1. How can people with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) manage their condition?

It is impo0rtant to exercise and use proper medication correctly. Sometimes using your inhaler before you start to exercise can help. Improving physical fitness often helps to manage your asthma and minimize attacks. Breathing warm, moist air usually helps your condition. Indoor sports are an ideal environment for people with EIA. It is important not to use EIA as an excuse to do nothing that would improve physical fitness.