Discovering Our Past: A History of the United States: Chapter 17 Vocabulary
TWO COMPLETE SENTENCES PER WORD
-Border State (17.1)-Habeas Corpus (17.3)
-Confederate Goal (17.1)-Flank (17.4)
-Union goal (17.1)-“54th Mass.” (17.4)
-Bull Run(17.2)-Natural Bridge (17.5)
-Tributaries (17.2)
-Ironclad (17.2)
-Emancipation Proclamation (17.2)
-Hardships (South) (17.3)
-Florida (17.3)
Border States
-Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri
-All had slavery as part of the economy
-All had ties to the North and South
-The Union wanted the Border States to join them
Confederate Goal
-Confederate States wanted to remain independent of the U.S.
-They needed to fight hard enough to make the North back down.
-They were fighting with the home advantage.
-They had the best trained officers and soldiers who knew how to work in the wilderness.
Union Goal
-They would fight a war of attrition, or try to wear out the CSA.
-They wanted to keep the Union together and not let the South leave.
-They did NOT seek to end slavery right away.
Bull Run
-Both sides were inexperienced.
-Civilians treated the battle as a fun spectator event.
-CSA General “Stonewall” Jackson rallied (regathered) retreating forces and counterattacked.
-The Union army fled the field in disarray.
Tributaries
-Small rivers feed larger rivers.
-A Union goal was to capture as many as possible.
-The CSA moved troops and supplies by rivers and steamboats.
-Much fighting took place on and around rivers.
Ironclad
-The South did not have a “navy” in the military sense yet.
-Many wooden ships would be lined with cotton bales or sheets of iron to stop bullets/cannonballs
-Examples: CSS Virginia and the USS Monitor
The Emancipation Proclamation
-Issued by Lincoln in 1863.
-Freed slaves from bondage, but not in the Border States.
-The South didn’t recognize the authority of the document.
Southern Hardships
-Most of the fighting took place in the South
-Farms and homes were destroyed, civilians were left homeless.
-Food and supply shortages made the army and civilians suffer.
Habeas Corpus
-The Constitution guarantees that you can’t be jailed without being brought before a judge and told why.
-Lincoln suspended it in the North to stop protestors and traitors.
-Jefferson Davis suspended it in the South for the same reason.
“Flank”
-An effective military maneuver where you attack from the side.
-At Chancellorsville, Lee used this to defeat the Union forces.
-It works best when the opponent is distracted/fighting from the front also.
“54th Mass.”
-Later in the war, many regiments were made of freedmen.
-There were many Black regiments, but this one is famous.
-The officers were white.
-This group fought in Florida at the Battle of Olustee.
Natural Bridge
-Black Union troops landed at St. Marks.
-They marched up the St. Marks River to capture Tallahassee.
-Confederate regulars and volunteers from Tallahassee waited at the river crossing and repulsed the Union Troops.
-Tallahassee was never captured.
Florida in the War
-It was not seen as important until troops got hungry later in the war!
-Florida supplied beef and salt (no refrigerated RR cars)
-The Capital was not captured, but most coastal towns were Union-held for much of the war.