Development Theories

PIA 3395

DEVELOPMENT THEORIES:

PHD READING SEMINAR

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

Professor Louis A. Picard, Instructor

Spring Semester, 2009

Room: 3200 Wesley W. Posvar Hall

Time: Tuesday, 12:00-3:00

Office Hours:

Monday 3:00-5:00

Tuesday, 3:00-6:00

Wednesday, 1:00-2:00

Or by Appointment

Office: 3615 Wesley W. Posvar Hall

Office Phone: 412-648-7659

Cell Phone412-260-9709

Washington one 202-547-1135

Home Phone:814-352-8008

University Fax412-648-2605

Research Office Fax202-546-7888

E-MailPicard+@pitt.edu

Website:

Graduate Student Assistant: Nathan Emery

E-mail: nae10+@pitt.edu

Note: This is one of NINEclasses available to PhD students working on Development Studies. The Other courses are:

PIA 2501- Development Policy and Management
PIA 2510- Development Economics
PIA 3490- PhD Seminar in Development Economics (Half Course)
PIA 2528- Governance, Local Government and Civil Society
PIA 2515 - Planning & Policymaking for Development
PIA 2526- Micro-politics: NGOs & Development in Civil Society
PIA 2552- Managing Organizations in Development
PIA 2734: Privatization and Contracting Out: The Knowledge and Skills Base for International Assistance (Half Course)

Please note that the section of PIA 2501 taught by the present instructor contains significant reading on Development Theory which is not replicated in this syllabus.

Please consult your advisor as to which you should take in addition to this reading seminar.

Overview:

The purpose of this course is to talk about theories and concepts relating to international development. The course can be taken on a pass/fail basis or for a "grade" for those who need it. Students also are encouraged to take the course "for free," i.e. to attend and participate in the course but not register for it if you don't need the credits. If you have any doubts about what you should do discuss your problem with the instructor.

There is no reading list as such. However, I will provide some guidelines through the “books about books" on international development that I have included in the syllabus. Each week I will also provide reference to several "golden oldies," a classical article or book chapter which might be read in its original. Basic reading for Development Policy and Management is provided on the syllabus for my course, PIA 2501. All books are to be put on reserve. No books have been ordered through the bookstore but many of these books can be ordered, new or used, through amazon.com or one of the other dot-coms on the internet.

The list provided below is not intended to replace any of the PhD comprehensive guides that have been prepared by international development faculty or syllabi for courses offered by the International Development division. It is complemented by the reading list provided in my syllabus for PIA 2501, Development Management and Policy. If you have not taken my course, PIA 2501 you should plan on reading the material in that course along with the material listed here. It is expected that students taking comprehensive exams will have read all of this material as well as other material in the comprehensive list and from other courses listed above. See my website: for further information.

Each session will be informal and divided into four parts: First, we will have a discussion of a "golden oldie," our weekly literary map and theme summary (the grand synthesis). Secondly, the instructor will present some guidelines in terms of reading and thinking about the literature for that day's focus; Thirdly, there will be a general discussion of some of the themes and issues that come out of the literature; Finally, we will discuss questions and concerns from participants in the seminar. When we have finished we'll leave.

Note: Twelve topics are scheduled. This will leave three weeks for catch up and review.

Requirements: Each student will prepare the following materials on a rotating basis using power point slides:

Golden Oldies- presentation based on readings in this category- 3-4 slides.

Literary Maps: Preparation of map or diagram of significant temporal and conceptual relationships along with 5-6 sentence summary of major themes of the session. (1-2 slides).

Synthesis or Conceptual Themes Presentation: Brief presentation of the major conceptual themes for each topic. (1-2 slides).

At the end of each set of three presentations these are to be brought together and put on the website for future reference.

See the course schedule for presentations.

Books: The following books should be available the internet or through special order from the bookstore or on reserve in the library.

Raymond Apthorpe and Des Gasper, Arguing Development Policy: Frames and Discourses (London: Frank Cass, 1996).

Michael Edwards and David Hulme, Making a Difference: NGOs and Development in a Changing World (London: Earthscan, 1992)

Arturo Escobar, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World (Princeton: PrincetonUniversity Press,

Ferrel Heady, Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective (New York: Marcel Dekker, 1991 or latest edition).

John Isbister, Promises Not Kept: The Betrayal of Social Change in the Third World (West Hartford: Kumarian, 1993).

Colin Leys, The Rise and Fall of Development Theory (Bloomington, IN.: Indiana University Press, 1996).

John Martinussen, Society, State and Market: A Guide to Competing Theories of Development (London: Zed Press, 1997).

Majid Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree, eds. The Post-Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 1994).

Kathleen Staudt, Managing Development: State, Society and International Contexts (Newbury Park: Sage, 1991).

Mark Turner and David Hulme, Governance, Administration and Development: Making the State Work (West Hartford: Kumarian, 1997)

Core Readings for the PIA 2501 Course should also be consulted.

Proposed Schedule:

January 6: Overview Discussion. Setting the Rules of the Game- "Golden Oldies" and Literary Maps

January 13: Development Studies

Golden Oldies

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapters 1 and 3

Turner and Hulme, Chapter 1 and 3

Staudt, Chapter 1

Isbister, Chapter 1

Staniland, Chapter 1-2

Leys, Chapter 1 and 9

Golden Oldies:

Barbara Ward, The Rich Nations and the Poor Nations, Chapters 2, 4 and 5

Emerson, From Empire to Nation, Chapters 18-20

January 20: Modernization and Dependency Theory

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 4-7

Isbister, Chapters 3 and 4

Heady, Chapter 3

Andre Gunder Frank, “The Development of Underdevelopment,” in Jameson and Wilber, The Political Economy of Development

J. Samuel Valenzuela and Arturo Valenzuela, “Modernization and Dependency,” in Munoz, From Dependency to Development

Escobar, “The Making and Unmaking of Third World Development,” in Rahnema and Bawtree

Golden Oldies:

David E. Apter, The Politics of Modernization, Chapters 1-3

Joseph R. Gusfield, "Misplaced Polarities in the Study of Social Change" in Welch, Political Modernization

January 27: Development Policy and Analysis

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Synthesis:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 17, 19 and 25

Turner and Hulme, Chapter 10

Isbister, Chapter 8

Edwards and Hulme, Making a Difference…, Chapters 18-19

Leys, Chapter 2

James Ferguson, “Development and Power in Lesotho,” in Rahnema and Bawtree

Golden Oldies:

Gabriel A. Almond and G. Bingham Powell, Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach (Chapters One and Two-Selections)

Daniel Lerner, The Passing of Traditional Society,

Chapters 2-3 and 11

February 3: Political Development and Governance

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapters 12-14, 18

Staudt, Chapter 3

Esman, Chapters 1-2

Heady, Chapters 7-9

Leys, Chapters 3

Huntington, Clash of Civilizations, Chapters 8-9

Ashis Nandy, “Colonization of the Mind,” in Rahnema and Bawtree

Golden Oldies:

Samuel P. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies, Chapter 1

Peter L. Berger, Pyramids of Sacrifice, pp.1-113

February 10: Social Development and Human Resources

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 20-21

Turner and Hulme, Chapter 2

Staudt, Chapter 2

Isbister, Chapter 2

Edwards and Hulme, Chapters 2 and 3

Leys, Chapter 6

Denis Goulet and Charles K. Wilber, “The Human Dilemma of Development,” in Jameson and Wilber, Political Economy of Development

Golden Oldies:

John Armstrong, European Administrative Elite, Chapters 2-4

Reinhard Bendix, Nation-Building and Citizenship, Chapters 3 and 4

February 17: Development Theory and Discourse: Institutional Analysis and Development

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Ostrom, Coverning the Commons, Chapters 1,2 and 6

Staniland, Chapter 3

Picard and Garrity, Chapters 8-10

Escobar, Chapters 1-2 and 6

Apthorpe and Gasper, Chapters 1-3 and 7

Leys, Chapter 4

Golden Oldies:

Samuel L. Popkin, "Public Choice and Peasant Organization," in Bates, Toward a Political Economy of Development

George F. Gant, "The InstitutionBuilding Project,"

Gunnar Myrdal, Asian Drama, Chapter 20

February 24: Development Management

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 24

Turner and Hulme, Chapters 4 and 5

Staudt, Chapters 7, 8, 10 and 13

Esman, Chapters 3 and 4

Heady, Chapters 4-5

Edwards and Hulme, Chapter 6 and 11

Heady, Chapters 1-2

Derrick W. Brinkerhoff and Jennifer M. Coston, "International Development in a Globalized World"

Golden Oldies:

Fred Riggs, Administration in Developing Countries: Theory of the Prismatic Society, Chapters 1-4

Malcolm Wallis, Bureaucracy, Chapters 1-2

Schaffer, “The Deadlock in development administration”

March 3: Development Economics

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 8-9

Escobar, Chapters 3 and 4

Isbister, Chapter 6

Leys, Chapters 7-8

Dudley Dillard, “Capitalism,” in Jameson and Wilber, Political Economy of Development

Nigel Harris, End of the Third World, Chapters 4-6

Golden Oldie:

Arthur Lewis, Theory of Economic Growth, Chapter 1-4

William McCord, Springtime of Freedom, Chapters 1-2 and 4-6

March 10: No Class. Spring Break

March 17: Development Planning

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 22

Turner and Hulme, Chapters 6 and 8

Staudt, Chapters 5 and 6

Caiden and Wildavsky, Chapters 9 and 10

Wallis, Chapter 3-4

Ivan Illich, “ Development as Planned Poverty,” in Rahnema and Bawtree

Golden Oldies:

Albert Waterson, Development Planning, Chapters 1-4

Albert O. Hirschman, Development Projects Observed, Chapters 1-3

March 24: Agricultural and Rural Development

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 10-11

Staudt, Chapters 11-12

Edwards and Hulme, Making a Difference…, Chapter 4

Lofchie, The Policy Factor, Chapters 2-3

Donald Puchala and Raymond F. Hopkins, “The Politics of Agricultural Modernization,” in Hopkins, et. al., Food, Politics and Agricultural Development

Golden Oldies:

James C. Scott, "Patron-Client Politics and Political Change," in Uphoff and Ilchman,. Political Economy of Development

Joseph Stiglitz, “The New Development Economics,” in Jameson and Wilber, Political Economy of Development

March 31: Decentralized Development and NGOs

Golden Oldies:

Literary Maps:

Conceptual Themes:

Readings:

Martinussen, Chapter 15-16, 23

Turner and Hulme, Chapter 7 and 9

Edwards and Hulme, Chapters 1, 12

Staudt, Chapter 9

Clark, Chapters 1-5

Golden Oldies:

Armstrong, Chapter 12

Mawhood, “Decentralization: the Concept and the Promise,”

Kasfir, “Designs and Dilemmas: An Overview,” in Mawhood, Local Government and the Third World

March 7:Group Presentations

March 14:Group Presentations

Reserve List

PIA 3090

Development Policy and Management

Gabriel A. Almond and G. Bingham Powell, Comparative Politics: A Developmental Approach (Boston: Little Brown, 1966).

David E. Apter, The Politics of Modernization (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965).

Raymond Apthorpe and Des Gasper, Arguing Development Policy: Frames and Discourses (London: Frank Cass, 1996).

John Armstrong, The European Administrative Elite (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973)

Robert Bates, Toward a Political Economy of Development (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).

Reinhard Bendix, Nation-Building and Citizenship: Studies of Our Changing Social Order (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1964/1977).

Peter L. Berger, Pyramids of Sacrifice: Political Ethics and Social Change (Garden City, NY: Anchor Books,1974).

Derrick W. Brinkerhoff and Jennifer M. Coston, "International Development in a Globalized World," Public Administration Review, vol. 59, no. 4 (July/August, 1999), pp. 346-361.

Coralie Bryant and Louise G. White, Managing of Development in the Third World (Boulder: Westview Press, 1982)

Naomi Caiden and Aaron Wildavsky, Planning and Budgeting in Poor Countries (New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1980).

John Clark, Democratizing Development: The Role of Voluntary Organizations (Hartford: Kumarian, 1991).

Michael Edwards and David Hulme, Beyond the Magic Bullet: NGO Performance and Accountability in the Post-War World (West Hartford: Kumarian Press, 1996

Michael Edwards and David Hulme, Making a Difference: NGOs and Development in a Changing World (London: Earthscan, 1992).

Rupert Emerson, From Empire to Nation: The Rise to Self-Assertion of Asian and African Peoples (Boston: Beacon Press, 1960).

Milton Esman, Management Dimensions of Development: Perspectives and Strategies (Hartford: Kumarian Press, 1991)

Arturo Escobar, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995).

Arturo Escobar, “Making and Unmaking of Third World Development,” in Majid Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree, eds. The Post-Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 1994), pp. 85-93.

James Ferguson, “Development and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho,” in Majid Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree, eds. The Post-Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 1994), pp. 223-233.

George F. Gant, "The InstitutionBuilding Project," International Review of Administrative Sciences, vol. 32, no. 3 (1966), pp. 1-8.

Joseph R. Gusfield, "Tradition and Modernity: Misplaced Polarities in the Study of Social Change," Political Modernization Claude Welch, ed. (New York), pp. 351-362.

Ferrel Heady, Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective (New York: Marcel Dekker, 1991 or latest edition).

Nigel Harris, The End of the Third World (London: Tauris, 1986)

Jeff Haynes: Third World Politics: A Concise Introduction (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996).

Raymond Hopkins, Donald J. Puchala, and Ross B. Talbot, eds. Food, Politics, and Agricultural Development: Case Studies of Rural Modernization (Boulder: Westview, 1979).

Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Making of World Order (New York: Simon & Shuster, 1996)

Samuel P. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968).

Ivan Illich, “ Development as Planned Poverty,” in Majid Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree, eds. The Post-Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 1994), pp. 94-101.

John Isbister, Promises Not Kept: The Betrayal of Social Change in the Third World (Bloomfield: Kumarian, 2001).

Kenneth P. Jameson and Charles Wilber, eds. The Political Economy of Development and Underdevelopment (New York: McGraw Hill, 1996).

Arthur Lewis, Theory of Economic Growth (London: Allen & Unwin, 1955).

Daniel Lerner, The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East (New York: Free Press, 1958).

Colin Leys (ed.), Politics and Change in Developing Countries (London: Cambridge University Press, 1969)

Colin Leys, The Rise and Fall of Development Theory (Bloomington, IN.: Indiana University Press, 1996).

Michael F. Lofchie, The Policy Factor: Agricultural Performance in Kenya and Tanzania (Boulder: Lynn Rienner, 1989).

Philip Mawhood, Local Government in the Third World (New York: John Wiley, 1983).

John Martinussen, Society, State and Market: A Guide to Competing Theories of Development (London: Zed Press, 1997).

Wiliam McCord, The Springtime of Freedom: The Evolution of Developing Societies (New York: Oxford University Press, 1965).

Heraldo Munoz, ed. From Dependency to Development: Strategies to Overcome Underdevelopment and Inequality (Boulder: Westview Press, 1982).

Gunnar Myrdal, Asian Drama: An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations, 3 volummes (New York: Pantheon, 1968).

Elinor Ostrom, Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990). A little light institutional analysis.

Monte Palmer, Dilemmas of Political Development (Itasca, IL: Peacock, 1985 or latest edition).

Louis A. Picard and Michele Garrity, eds., Policy Reform for Sustainable Development in Africa: The Institutional Imperative (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1994).

Majid Rahnema with Victoria Bawtree, eds. The Post-Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 1994).

John Rapley, Understanding Development: Theory and Practice in the Third World (Boulder: Lynne Reinner, 1996).

Fred Riggs, Administration in Developing Countries: Theory of the Prismatic Society (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1964).

B.B. Schaffer, “The Deadlock in development administration”, in Colin Leys (ed.), Politics and Change in Developing Countries (London: Cambridge University Press, 1969), pp. 177-211

Martin Staniland, What is Political Economy? A Study of Social Theory and Underdevelopment (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985)

Kathleen Staudt, Managing Development: State, Society and International Contexts (Newbury Park: Sage, 1991).

Mark Turner and David Hulme, Governance, Administration and Development: Making the State Work (West Hartford: Kumarian, 1997)

Norman Uphoff and Warren Ilchman, Political Economy of Development: Theoretical and Empirical Contributions (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972).

Barbara Ward, The Rich Nations and the Poor Nations (New York: Norton, 1962).

Albert Waterson, Development Planning: Lessons of Experience (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965).

Malcolm Wallis, Bureaucracy: Its Role in Third World Development (London: Macmillan, 1989).

Claude Welch, ed. Political Modernization: A Reader (Belmont, CA.: Duxbury Publishers, 1971)