BEH/225 Version 6 / 1
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Development of Psychology as a Science Worksheet
Part 1
Write your answers in the space adjacent to each description. Each question is worth 2 points.
Description / Answer1. His book, Principles of Psychology, helped to establish psychology as a separate field of study.
2. The contemporary view that human behavior is the result of chemical and biological processes
3. The theorist who was interested in unconscious processes, especially those concerned with sexual and aggressive impulses
4. Group of theorists who rejected the idea that behavior is ruled by unconscious forces, and instead emphasized the ability to make voluntary choices
5. He was considered the father of psychology.
6. He developed his ideas about learning from working with rats and pigeons.
7. He was the founder of humanistic psychology.
8. He believed introspection was unscientific.
9. The study of human strengths, virtues, and optimal behavior
10. He believed you cannot understand behavior by analyzing separate parts of an experience, but instead must observe the whole pattern.
11. The idea that behavior must be understood within the context of one’s culture
12. A formal trial conducted to confirm or disconfirm a hypothesis about the cause of a behavior
13. Changes in behavior caused by one’s belief about a treatment rather than by the treatment itself
14. A prediction that prompts people to act in ways that make the prediction come true
15. A psychologist wants to identify factors that contribute to bullying on elementary school playgrounds. She sets up a camera that records the activities of children at an elementary school, and then later categorizes the types of behavior that were recorded.
16. A small group of people who participate in a study and are assumed to accurately reflect the views or behavior of the larger population
17. The tendency for survey participants to give polite or socially desirable answers that may not be accurate
18. A psychologist has a large sample of college students keep track of the amount of time they spend studying each week. He collects this data along with the students’ grades on weekly assignments. He finds that there is a relationship between these variables: the more time spent studying, the higher the grades.
19. An experiment is conducted to evaluate the effect of a drug to treat depression. Half of the subjects are given the drug and the other half receives a placebo. The subjects are not told whether they are receiving the actual drug or the placebo. After six weeks, all subjects complete a questionnaire reporting their depression symptoms. The researcher who evaluates the answers on the questionnaire is not told which ones were completed by subjects who took the actual drug and which ones took the placebo.
20. True or False: When a strong positive correlation is observed between two variables, we can safely conclude that one variable causes the other.
Part 2
Respond to the following in 90- to -175-words. Each question is worth 10 points. Cite the textbook to credit the source of your information as appropriate for each answer.
1. Barry the Psychologist wants to know if a new therapy technique that he devised is effective in treating anxiety. He tries out the technique on five of his own patients, all of whom are single, Caucasian women between the ages of 19 and 24. All five women report a decrease in their anxiety symptoms after receiving the treatment. Barry concludes that his technique is the best treatment for anxiety. Using your understanding of the reading this week, identify the problems with Barry’sresearch.
2.A viral Internet video claims that people who sleep with a motivational audio program playing throughout the night can easily overcome mental obstacles that hold back their personal, financial, and career success. Testimonials from users provide compelling examples of how the audio improved their love lives, gotten them promoted at work, and cured a nagging case of acne. A link is provided so viewers of the video can purchase this life-changing program. Discuss how you could use the critical thinking principles on page 20 of the textbook to evaluate these claims.
Responses are scored on a scale of 1 to 10 according to the following breakdown:
1–5 = Response expresses no to very limited comprehension of the reading
6 = Minimal comprehension; inaccurate or incomplete information
7 = Partial comprehension; terms are used, but ideas are not fully expressed and well supported
8–9 = Good comprehension; terms are used correctly and concepts are accurately applied
10 = Excellent comprehension; terms are used correctly, concepts are accurately applied,
rationale is fully and clearly explained using relevant details from the text
Grading:Points Possible / Points Earned
Part 1 score / 40
Part 2
Question 1 / 10
Question 2 / 10
Mechanics (spelling, grammar, sentence structure) / 5
Citations and references in APA format / 5
Late Penalty (Facilitator discretion)
Total Score: / 70
References
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