DEP 4464 Exam 2 Review
Ch. 5 Memory
Basic processes: registration, storage, retrieval
Registration: Divided attention, sensory memory
Storage
Short term memory: Capacity, primary memory, working memory
Long term memory
Types: Procedural, semantic, episodic, source, temporal, frequency of occurrence
Processes: Encoding (moving material into store, effective encoding)
Remote memory: reminiscence bump
Retrieval: Recognition vs. recall
Internal, external mnemonics
Age related changes/differences in types of memory & processes
Ch. 6 Intelligence
Psychometric approach:
Cross-sectional, longitudinal study differences
Crystallized vs. fluid intelligence/ Baltes’s mechanic & pragmatic intellectual processes
Schaie’s sequential study
Terminal drop
Structural approach: Post-formal stage
Noncognitive factors affecting performance on cognitive tasks
Factors related to better intellectual functioning in old age: complex leisure activities
Ch. 7 Cognition and problem solving
Schaie purposive cognition stages
Wisdom & age/ elderly less inclined than younger to believe wisdom increases in old age
Sternberg triarchic theory of intelligence: analytic, practical, creative
Formal versus tacit knowledge
Creativity:
Productivity timing by area of work
Constant-probability-of-success model
Swan song phenomenon
Decision making
Older attending more to positive information
Social cognition
Fundamental attribution error
Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning
Problem solving strategies—usage of by older adults depending on emotional significance (high/low)
Ch. 8 Personality and Coping
Change versus continuity: Correlational vs. absolute continuity (normative vs. level stability)
Theory/evidence favoring continuity
Freud
Costa & McCrae big five clusters: extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
Theory/evidence favoring change in adulthood
Kansas City studies
Douglas & Arenberg study
Jung—androgyny in old age
Erikson’s theory/stages
Peck’s necessary adjustments
McAdams’ Life Story model
Stress
Fight or flight response
Holmes & Rahe stressful life events
Lazarus-Factors affecting severity of stressful event
Coping: Assimilation/accommodation strategies
Self concept: Possible selves