Crispus Attucks Dock Worker Killed During the Boston Massacre

Chapter 5 Study Guide

Road to Independence

Test date ______

People:

Crispus Attucks – dock worker killed during the Boston Massacre

Paul Revere – His engraving of the Boston massacre was used on posters to inform the colonists of the British cruelty. He was also the leading member of the Sons of Liberty. He warned Samuel Adams and John Hancock that the British were coming by shouting “The regulars are out!”

Ethan Allen – Led the Green Mountain Boys; he and Benedict Arnold surrounded the British at Fort Ticonderoga and captured the fort

George III – He was the king of England during the American Revolution. After the Boston Tea Party, he vowed to punish the colonists and encouraged the Parliament to pass the Coercive Acts.

Thomas Gage – British general that had several thousand troops under his command in North America.

Abigail Adams – wife of John Adams; wrote letters that revealed her hopes of independence & rights for women

Thomas Jefferson – the writer of the Declaration of Independence

Patrick Henry – A member of the Virginia House of Burgesses; persuaded the burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act

Benjamin Franklin – respected statesmen of Pennsylvania; represented the colonies in London & helped repeal the Stamp Act; ran the first post office established by the Second Continental Congress

Thomas Paine – He wrote the pamphlet Common Sense. It called the attention of Americans to fight for their independence from Britain.

Green Mountain Boys – a militia from Vermont led by Ethan Allen

Terms:

Committees of correspondence – an organization of protest that used writings to protest the British control; helped to unite the colonists.

Writ of assistance – legal documents which allowed the custom officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods.

Intolerable Acts – British punishments for the Boston Tea Party, such as blocking supplies from being shipped to Boston

Proclamation of 1763 –stated the colonists could not settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains

Stamp Act – all printed materials had to have a stamp, which was applied by British officials

Sugar Act – lowered the tax on molasses imported by the colonists to prevent smuggling

Common Sense – a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine about the British cruelty towards the colonists

Essay questions:

What measures did the British take to end the troubles with the Native Americans?

Britain took two measures to end the troubles with the Native Americans. First, it planned to station 10,000 soldiers in the colonies and on the frontier. Then, in the Proclamation of 1763, it prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains into Native American territory.

What decisions were made by the First Continental Congress?

The First Continental Congress drafted a statement of grievances calling for the repeal of 13 acts of Parliament passed since 1763. They declared that these laws violated the colonists’ rights. The delegates also voted to boycott all British goods and trade. The delegates’ most important decision was to pass a resolution to form militias.