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Spring 2006

CPSE 655

Crisis Intervention in the Schools

Room: 168 MCKB

Mondays 1:00- 3:50

Instructor: Melissa Allen, Ph.D.

Office: 340-K MCKB

Office Hours:Tuesday 4:00-6:00 p.m.

Thursday 12:00-12:50 &4:00-6:00 p.m.

Phone:422-1235 (office) & 422-3857(secretary)

Home Phone:491-8386

E-mail:

Please call or e-mail to set up an appointment if my office hours are not convenient.

Course Description:

This graduate level course will examine the history and development of crisis intervention in the schools. However, the main focus of the course will be on acquiring the knowledge and developing the skills required to effectively intervene and assist children, teachers, administrators and families during times of stress and crisis. The course will also highlight the importance of prevention in decreasing the frequency and severity of crisis situations.

Course goals and objectives:

In order to receive credit for this course, the student will demonstrate:

(1) a basic understanding of the history of crisis intervention.

(2) an understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of crisis intervention.

(3) a knowledge/understanding of basic models of crisis intervention.

(4) knowledge of ethical and professional responsibilities in the area of crisis intervention.

(5) competency in communicating with parents/guardians, teachers, and other professionals concerning children’s needs during times of crisis.

(6) the ability to identify, recommend and implement practical school based interventions during times of specific individual or group crises.

(7) the ability to assist in developing, critiquing, and reviewing specific school crisis prevention and intervention plans.

(8) the ability to interface with community agencies and outside support networks to provide additional social and psychological support for children and families in need.

Students will demonstrate their knowledge and skill by:

(1) Successfully completing in-class assignments and responding appropriately to role plays/scenarios.

Note: Videotapes of student role plays will be evaluated for crisis intervention skills and application of knowledge.

(2) Actively participating in class discussions and demonstrating knowledge of assigned readings.

(3) Earning 85% or above on quizzes, exams, and presentations.

(4) Completing weekly activity log of experiences related to crisis intervention.

(5) In conjunction with the weekly log, completing journal entries to communicate personal/emotional responses and to demonstrate application of knowledge and skills in practicum setting.

(6) Providing pertinent information and handouts for local school district training sessions on requested topics related to crisis intervention.

(7) Developing a system for evaluating and conducting an evaluation of the effectiveness of a specific school crisis plan.

(8) Outlining bibliotherapy activities for individual and group counseling activities.

Course Grading System:

130 Points: COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT AND/OR SCHOOL PRACTICUM EXPERIENCE

Refer to the Community Service Project and School Practicum Experience information sheet for detailed breakdown of grading criteria.

(1) Volunteer with an agency in the community in order to practice skills and learn about crisis experiences first-hand. This is considered a community service project.

(2) During practicum, students may observe/participate in crisis related prevention and intervention activities in their practicum setting under supervision of their school-based supervisor. These experiences must be documented in the student’s portfolio. Documentation should include the following information in a minimum of two one-page summaries (minimum of one incident involving prevention and one incident involving intervention): type of emergency/crisis, your participation and/or observations, those involved in assisting with the emergency/crisis, your critique of the situation regarding the effectiveness of the intervention, future recommendations to increase the effectiveness of the prevention/intervention, follow-up support for those involved (helpers and individuals involved in prevention/intervention efforts), description of supervision (if you were involved in providing services), and personal insights, feelings/emotional responses.

(3) Students may choose to participate in a local school district inservice training for crisis intervention. Provide a one-page summary to document the training in your portfolio.

140 Points: INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

Interview the main school district personnel responsible for the school district’s crisis intervention plan. Obtain a copy of district’s crisis intervention plan. Complete interviews (outline provided by instructor) with a School Psychologist, School Counselor, Principal (or assistant principal), teacher (mainstream), teacher (special education), teaching assistant (special education), school nurse, custodian, and school secretary. Participate in class with the comparison study of district crisis plans. Refer to the INDIVIDUAL PROJECT information sheet for a detailed breakdown of the grading criteria.

130 Points: QUIZZES

There will be a quiz (10 points per quiz) administered at the beginning of each lecture period. Quizzes are scheduled in the syllabus. Quizzes will be administered promptly at the beginning of the class period. No make-ups for quizzes will be offered. Quizzes will either review previous material or will cover assigned readings for the day.

NOTE: For extra time or special modifications to complete quizzes, please make arrangements with the instructor.

100 Points: ATTENDANCE AND CLASS Attendance is very important to the student's success in this course. Much of the learning will occur through role play and in-class activities. Each absence will result in a deduction of 20 points from the attendance and class participation grade (total possible 100 points). A tardy (arriving 6 or more minutes late) will result in a deduction of 10 points.

Two or more absences or three or more tardies (arriving 6 or more minutes late) will result in an unsatisfactory rating on the semester faculty evaluation of student’s professional disposition.

Each student is required to keep track of their class attendance and tardies on the class point sheet (attached to the syllabus). For each absence, the student is required to complete a five page (single spaced) review of the lecture topic, including a review of the lecture notes and assigned readings. The student is responsible for getting lecture notes from a classmate and is responsible for reading the assigned readings.

PARTICIPATION

100 Points FINAL EXAM & Required Bibliotherapy list

The final exam is a review of the entire course. The final exam consists of four parts: (1) written essay questions, (2) multiple choice questions, (3) videotaped role plays, and completed bibliotherapy forms.

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Grading Criteria

4.0A558-600 points93% - 100%

3.7A-540-557 points90% - 93%

3.4B+510-539 points85% - 90%

3.0B480-509 points 80% - 85%

2.7B- 468-479 points78% - 80%

GRADE-SHEET----CPSE 655

Spring Semester 2006

NAME: ______

CLASS ATTENDANCE & WEEKLY QUIZ

T=TARDY, A=ABSENT, P=PRESENT

attendance Quiz (max 10 points per quiz)

______May 4______

______May 9______

______May 11______

______May 16______

______May 18______

______May 23______

______May 25______

______May 30______

______June 1 ______

______June 6 ______

______June 8 ______

______June 13 ______

______June 15 ______

NOTE: absence (unexcused) results in 20 point deduction from class attendance grade, tardy of 6 minutes or more is a deduction of 10 points.

FINAL EXAM Thursday, June 22 7:00 - 8:50 p.m.

NOTE: Videotaped vignettes (and peer review of videotape) are due June 22 prior to 7:00 p.m.

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______130 Points: COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT AND/OR SCHOOL PRACTICUM EXPERIENCE

______140 Points: INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

______130 Points: QUIZZES (10 pts per quiz)

______100 Points: ATTENDANCE AND CLASS PARTICIPATION

______100 Points: FINAL EXAM & Required Bibliotherapy list

______TOTAL POINTS

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Grading Criteria

4.0A558-600 points93% - 100%

3.7A-540-557 points90% - 93%

3.4B+510-539 points85% - 90%

3.0B480-509 points 80% - 85%

2.7B- 468-479 points78% - 80%

NOTE:

Student performance, specifically in the areas of knowledge, skills, and professional disposition, will be assessed during the course. This information will be reviewed during the semester faculty evaluations of student progress. The student will be apprised of their standing midway through the course and after all course assignments are graded. If a student’s performance is unsatisfactory in any of these three major areas (knowledge, skills, and disposition), the professor will set up an interview with the student to discuss a possible remediation plan.

(1) Knowledge base: Students earning a semester total of 479 points or below (a grade of "B-" or less), below 80% on their semester’s total quiz scores or below 80% on their final exam score will be considered unsatisfactory in their knowledge base. Marginal performance will be designated to students earning between 80-85% on their semester’s total quiz grades or final exam score. (2) In order to assess skills, students will be provided with both peer and professor’s feedback to videotaped crisis vignettes and in class role-plays. Students will also be self-evaluating their own helping skills and making plans for improvement and evaluating/measuring improvement (goal setting). Professional disposition will be assessed in terms of promptness to class; quality of preparation for class (completing readings and contributing to class discussion); sensitivity and responsiveness to ethical and legal matters; sensitivity to multicultural considerations and individual diversity; consistency of attention and interpersonal involvement in class; openness/responsiveness to feedback; cooperation and collaboration in group learning activities; and feedback regarding professional disposition from practicum sites.

Students will be apprised of their progress throughout the semester (grades on quizzes, feedback on videotaped scenarios, feedback on peer-reviewed work, etc.) and will receive formal written feedback from the professor midway through the course and upon completing course assignments/requirements. Regarding their performance in CPSE 655, students will be informed by the professor in writing of information shared in faculty meeting end of semester student evaluations.

Required Text:

(1) Johnson, K. (2000). School Crisis Management: A Hands-on Guide to Training Crisis Response Teams (Second Edition). Alameda, CA: Hunter House.
(2) Brooks, B., Siegel, P. M. (1996). The Scared Child: Helping Kids Overcome Traumatic Events. New York: John Wiley Sons.
(3) Heath, M. A., Sheen, D. (Eds.). (2005). School-basedcrisisintervention: Preparing all personnel to assist. New York: Guilford Press.
(4) Living with Grief: Children, Adolescents, and Loss (Paperback)

Suggested Readings:

James, R. K., & Gilliland, B. E. (2001). Crisis Intervention Strategies (Fourth Edition). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.

Chapter 8: Recognizing and Managing Critical Client Problems in Boylan, J.C., Malley, P. B., & Scott, J. (1995). Practicum and Internship: Textbook for Counseling and Psychotherapy (Second Edition). WashingtonDC: Accelerated Development

Brock, S. E., Sandoval, J., & Lewis, S. (2001). Preparing for Crises in the Schools (2nd ed). New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Poland, S., & Pitcher, G. (1992). Crisis Intervention in the Schools.New York: Guilford Press.

National Association of School Psychologists. (1991). Resources in Crisis Intervention: School Family, and Community Applications. WashingtonDC: NASP.

National Association of School Psychologists. (1999). Crisis Prevention and Response: A Collection of NASP Resources. Bethesda. MD: NASP.

Chapter 3. What Schools Can Do. In Johnson, K. (1998). Trauma in the Lives of Children.Alameda, CA: Hunter House.

Brock, S.E., Lazarus, P.J., & Jimerson, S. R. (2002). Best Practices in School Crisis Prevention and Intervention. MD: National Association of School Psychologists.

Canter, A.S., & Carroll, S. A. (1999). Crisis Prevention and Response: A collection of NASP Resources. MD: National Association of School Psychologists.

Sandoval, J. (2002). Handbook of Crisis Counseling, Intervention, and Prevention in the Schools Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.

Play Therapy (Eliana Gil)

Crisis Intervention (Nancy Webb)

Divorce Group Manuals for Children (Neil Kalter)

Internet Site Downloads:

Dwyer, K., & Osher, D. (2000). Safeguarding our children: An action guide. WashingtonDC: U.S. Departments of Education and Justice, American Institutes for Research. Available:

Dwyer, K., Osher, D., & Warger, C. (1998). Early warning, timely response: A guide tosafe schools. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education. Available:

LaGreca, A .M., (2002). Children Safe Project (funded by the BellSouth Foundation) Miami Dade County Public Schools Available:

Thornton, T .N., Craft, C. A , Dahlberg, L. L., Lynch, B. S., & Baer, K. (2000). Best Practices of Youth Violence Prevention: A Sourcebook for Community Action. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NationalCenter for Injury Prevention and Control. Available:

United States Secret Service & United States Department of Education. (2002). Threat Assessment in Schools: A Guide to Managing Threatening Situations and to Creating SafeSchool Climates. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Available:

United States Secret Service & United States Department of Education. (2002). The Final Report and Findings of the SafeSchool Initiative: Implications for the Prevention of School Attacks in the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Available:

Organizations with Crisis Information:

NationalCenter for PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder)

American Association of Suicidology

National Organization for Victim Assistance (NOVA)

NASP-National Emergency Assistance Team (NEAT)

http:\\

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May 2--Tuesday

OVERVIEW OF COURSE

Review Course Objectives and Calendar

Review Grading/Evaluation Criteria

Review Model/Format Individual Project and Community Service Project & Practicum Experience

Lecture: (a) Background History of Crisis Counseling & (b) Crisis Intervention in the Schools

SUPPLEMENTARY READING

Preparing for Crises in the Schools (Brock Sandoval & Lewis), pages vii-20

Crisis Interventions in the Schools (Pitcher & Poland), pages 1-62

Trauma in the Lives of Children (Johnson, K. 1998), What Schools Can Do, Chapter 3

May 4 -Thursday

Lecture: (1) CRISIS INTERVENTION SKILLS, (2) UNDERSTANDING THE NEEDS OF THOSE IN CRISIS

READING:

School Crisis Management: pgs 3-17

Heath& Sheen: pgs 1-63

IN CLASS ACTIVITIES:

role playing crisis skills and strategies

Lecture will review: Crisis Intervention Strategies, Chapters 1 & 2 & 3, pages 3-126

May 9- Tuesday

Lecture: SUICIDE

READING:

Heath & Sheen: pgs 82, 118, 121, 125, 126

School Crisis Management: pgs 55-56; 193-196

Supplemental Readings:

Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 537-549

pgs 31-32; 109-116; 120-121; 179-184; 219-220; 256-270; 366-168 Preparing for Crises in the Schools (Brock Sandoval & Lewis)

pgs 277-292 Boylan, J.C., Malley, P.B., & Scott, J. (1995). Practicum and Internship

pgs 70-73 Crisis Interventions in the Schools (Pitcher & Poland)

pgs 137-176 Crisis Prevention and Response: A Collection of NASP Resources (NASP)

IN CLASS ACTIVITIES:

Role play and Bibliotherapy

May 11- Thursday

Lecture: DESIGNING DISTRICT WIDE CRISIS PLANS

READING:

School Crisis Management, pages 3-86; 74-86

Heath & Sheen: pgs 23-43

Supplemental Reading:

Lecture will review: Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 549-558

pgs 20-92 Preparing for Crises in the Schools (Brock, Sandoval, & Lewis)

pg 41 (in Resources) Crisis Response Teams a Must for All School Districts (by: Al Neuhaus)

pgs 133-178 Crisis Interventions in the Schools (Pitcher & Poland)

CLASS ACTIVITY: Creating the questionnaire for School Crisis Plan project

May 16 - Tuesday

Lecture: DEATH and SERIOUS ILLNESS

Assignment: Bring a children’s book on death or serious illness that you could use in a group or in individual counseling. Use the BIBLIOTHERAPY FOR CHILDREN sheet (in syllabus).

READING:

(1) Heath & Sheen: pgs 64-76

(2) (Sent via e-mail): Heath, M. A., Sheen, D., Leavy, D., Young, E. L., & Money, K. (2005). Bibliotherapy: A resource to facilitate emotional healing and growth. School Psychology International, 26, 563-580.

(3) The Scared Child, Chapter 5, Death: Coping with Loss, pages 43-59

(4)Living with Grief: Children, Adolescents, and Loss –NOTE Share readings-divide and conquer!!!

Crisis Intervention Strategies, Chapter 9, Personal Loss: Bereavement and Grief, pages 420-468

Supplemental Reading:

pgs 49-50 (NASP Resources) Bereaved Children Speak (Dorothy M. Vacca)

pgs 53-59 (NASP Resources) Children and Reactions to Death (Charles P. Heath)

pgs 64-65 (NASP Resources) School’s Response to Suicide, Death and Loss (Peter Sheras)

pgs 66-67 (NASP Resources) What to Say When Someone Dies (Ann Mueller)

IN CLASS ACTIVITIES:

Role Plays

bibliotherapy

May 18 – Thursday

Lecture: AGGRESSION, GUNS, AND DRUGS

READING:

Review: Early Warning/Timely Response - From the NASP website

Supplemental Reading:

Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 119-122; 471-514; 515-536; 547-549

Brock, Sandoval and Lewis--pg 220- pgs 222-270

pgs 292-310 Boylan, J.C., Malley, P.B., & Scott, J. (1995). Practicum and Internship

pgs 21-23; 78-88; 93-109 Crisis Interventions in the Schools (Pitcher & Poland)

pgs 1-21, 39-68 (Canter & Carroll)

IN CLASS ACTIVITIES:

Role play aggression and violence scenarios

May 23 - Tuesday

Lecture: “NORMAL” TYPES OF CRISIS

READING: Heath & Sheen: pgs 77-130

Assignment: Bring 2 children’s books to class that you could use for (1) helping children learn to cope with divorce issues and (2) helping children learn to cope with serious illness. Prepare an outline of a post-reading activity for bibliotherapy.

Supplemental Reading:

pgs. 12-19 (Brock Sandoval & Lewis)

pgs 69-70 (Pitcher & Poland)

pgs 23-38 (Canter & Carroll)

May 25 - Thursday

Lecture topic: FEAR AND ANXIETY

READING:

The Scared Child, pages 3-39 and 125-133

Supplemental Reading:

Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 129-185

Brock, Sandoval and Lewis- pgs. 356-359

pgs 63-67 Crisis Interventions in the Schools (Pitcher & Poland)

pgs 310-324 Boylan, J.C., Malley, P.B., & Scott, J. (1995)

Assignment: **Bring a children’s book to class that you might use to help a child with excessive fears or school phobia. Fill in the Children’s Bibliotherapy form (at end of syllabus).

Class Activity: Role plays

May 30 - Tuesday

Lecture Topic:

(1) THE ROLE OF PREVENTION: SCHOOL-WIDE PROGRAMS

(2) PROFESSIONAL BURNOUT

READING:

Heath & Sheen: pgs 150-159

School Crisis Management, pages 87-101

Supplemental Reading:

Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 609-646

pgs 284-292, 347-355 (Brock, Sandoval, & Lewis)

pgs 146-150, 167-169, 179-201, 211-214, 220-223 (Pitcher & Poland)

pgs 36-43 (Bell)

In Class Activity: Role play a debriefing situation

June 1 - Thursday

Lecture Topic: MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION

ASSIGNED READING:

(1) Heath & Sheen: pgs 54-57

(2) BOOKLET: SAMSHA (Melissa will share these with the class)

Supplemental Reading

pgs 360-374 (Brock, Sandoval & Lewis)

NO MAN IS AN ISLAND: THE MEDIA’S EFFECTON CHILDREN

June 6 – Tuesday

Discuss and organize future assignment: Evaluating School District Crisis Plans

Lecture topic: Abuse: emotional, physical, or sexual, PTSD

READING:

(1) Heath & Sheen: pgs 55, 116-117, 122-124,

(2) DSM-IV--- PTSD section

(3) The Scared Child, pages 3-39

Class Activity: Role plays

Supplemental Reading: Crisis Intervention Strategies, pages 229-281

June 8 - Thursday

Lecture topic: Training Staff, Effective Instruction; Legal Issues

READING:

(1) Heath & Sheen: 142-149

(2) ReviewSchool Crisis Management Handouts in the back of the manual

(3)School Crisis Management, pages 1-2

Supplemental Reading:

pgs 301-346 (Brock, Sandoval & Lewis)

Crisis Intervention Strategies. pages 118-122

VIDEO TRAINING-list of available videos on crisis intervention

June 13 – Tuesday

Lecture topic: CROSS CULTURAL ISSUES IN RESPONDING TO TRAGEDY

Read: (readings will be sent via e-mail)

(1) Athey, J., & Moody-Williams, J. (2003). Developing cultural competence in disaster mental health programs: Guiding principles and recommendations.Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.