Correlation of Themes and Concepts for Redesigned AP U.S. History Course
For Kennedy/Cohen/Bailey, The American Pageant, 15th edition
Key to Theme Codes: ID Identity • PEO Peopling • WXT Work, Exchange, and Technology • POL Politics and Power •WOR American in the World • ENV Environment and Geography • CUL Ideas, Beliefs, and Culture (**BAGPIPE**)
Key concept / Chapters/sectionsPeriod 1: 1491–1607
Key Concept 1.1 Before the arrival of Europeans, native populations inNorth America developed a wide variety of social, political and economic structures based in part on interactions with the environment and each other.
Themes:
As settlers migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed quite different and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments. (PEO-1) (ENV-1) (ENV-2) / Ch. 1:
•Peopling the Americas (pp. 5-8)
•The Earliest Americans (pp. 8-11)
Key Concept 1.2 European overseas expansion resulted in the Columbian Exchange, a series of interactions and adaptations between societies across the Atlantic.
Themes:
I. The arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere in the 15th and 16th centuries triggered extensive demographic and social changes on both sides of the Atlantic. (PEO-4) (PEO-5) (ENV-1) (WXT-1) (WXT-4) (WOR-1);
II. European expansion into the Western Hemisphere caused intense social/religious, political, and economic competition in Europe and the promotion of empire building. (ENV-1) (ENV-4) (WXT-1) (WOR-1) (POL-1) / Ch. 1:
•When Worlds Collide (pp. 14-15)
(Note: effects of Columbian Exchange are summarized here, but coverage spans several sections/chs.)
Ch. 2:
•The Indians’ New World (pp. 29-31)
Key Concept 1.3 Contacts among American Indians, Africans and Europeans challenged the worldviews of each group.
Themes:
I. European overseas expansion and sustained contacts with Africans and American Indians dramatically altered European views of social, political, and economic relationships among and between white and nonwhite peoples. (CUL-1).
II. Native peoples and Africans in the Americas strove to maintain their political and cultural autonomy in the face of European challenges to their independence and core beliefs. (ID-4) (POL-1) (CUL-1) (ENV-2) / Ch. 1:
•Europeans Enter Africa (pp. 11-13)
•The Conquest of Mexico (pp. 17-20)
Period 2: 1607–1754
Key Concept 2.1 Differences in imperial goals, cultures and the North American environments that different empires confronted led Europeans to develop diverse patterns of colonization.
Themes:
I. Seventeenth-century Spanish, French, Dutch, and British colonizers embraced different social and economic goals, cultural assumptions, and folkways, resulting in varied models of colonization. (WXT-2) (PEO-1) (WOR-1) (ENV-4);
II. The British–American system of slavery developed out of the economic, demographic, and geographic characteristics of the British-controlled regions of the New World. (WOR-1) (WXT-4) (ID-4) (POL-1) (CUL-1).
III. Along with other factors, environmental and geographical variations, including climate and natural resources, contributed to regional differences in what would become the British colonies. (WXT-2) (WXT-4) (ENV-2) (ID-5) (PEO-5) (CUL-4) / Ch. 1:
•The Spread of Spanish America (pp. 20-22)
Ch. 2:
• England’s Imperial Stirrings (p. 24)
•Elizabeth Energizes England (pp. 24-26) •England on the Eve of Empire (pp. 26-27)
•England Plants the Jamestown Seedling (pp. 27-28)
•Maryland: Catholic Haven (p. 32)
•Colonizing the Carolinas (pp. 34-35)
Ch. 3:
•The Protestant Reformation Produces Puritanism (pp. 41-42)
•The Pilgrims End Their Pilgrimage at Plymouth
(pp. 42-43)
•Old Netherlanders at New Netherland (pp. 50-51)
•Penn’s Holy Experiment in Pennsylvania (pp. 53-54)
Ch. 6:
•France Finds a Foothold in Canada (pp. 98-99)
Key Concept 2.2 European colonization efforts in North America stimulated intercultural contact and intensified conflict between the various groups of colonizers and native peoples.
Themes:
I. Competition over resources between European rivals led to conflict within and between North American colonial possessions and American Indians.
(WXT-1) (PEO-1) (WOR-1) (POL-1) (ENV-1);
II. Clashes between European and American Indian social and economic values caused changes in both cultures. (ID-4) (WXT-1) (PEO-4) (PEO-5) (POL-1) (CUL-1) / Ch. 2:
•Cultural Clashes in the Chesapeake (pp. 32-33)
•Makers of America: The Iroquois (pp. 42-43)
Ch. 3:
•Puritans Versus Indians (pp. 53-54)
•Friction with English & Swedish Neighbors (p. 58)
Ch. 6:
•New France Fans Out (pp. 99-100)
•The Clash of Empires (pp. 100-102)
Key Concept 2.3 The increasing political, economic and cultural exchanges within the “Atlantic World” had a profound impact on the development of colonial societies in North America.
Themes:
I. “Atlantic World” commercial, religious, philosophical, and political interactions among Europeans, Africans, and American native peoples stimulated economic growth, expanded social networks, and reshaped labor systems. (WXT-1) (WXT-4) (WOR-1) (WOR-2) (CUL-4);
II. Britain’s desire to maintain a viable North American empire in the face of growing internal challenges and external competition inspired efforts to strengthen its imperial control, stimulating increasing resistance from colonists who had grown accustomed to a large measure of autonomy. (WOR-1) (WOR-2) (ID-1) (CUL-4) / Ch. 4:
•The Tobacco Economy (pp. 60-62)
•Thinking Globally: The Atlantic Slave Trade (pp. 64-65)
•Colonial Slavery (pp. 62-67)
•Africans in America (pp. 67-70)
•Southern Society (pp. 70)
•Makers of America: From African to African American (pp. 68-69)
•Life in the New England Towns (pp. 72-73)
•The New England Way of Life (pp. 74-75)
•The Early Settlers’ Days & Ways (pp. 75-76)
Ch. 5:
•A Mingling of the Races (pp. 78-80)
•The Structure of Colonial Society (pp. 80-82)
•Workaday America (pp. 82-85)
•The Great Awakening (pp. 87-88)
•A Provincial Culture (pp. 90-91)
•The Great Game of Politics (pp. 92-94)
•Colonial Folkways (pp. 94-95)
Ch. 6:
•The Clash of Empires (pp. 100-102)
Period 3: 1754–1800
Key Concept 3.1 Britain’s victory over France in the imperial struggle for North America led to new conflicts among the British government, the North American colonists and American Indians, culminating in the creation of a new nation, the United States.
Themes:
I. Throughout the second half of the 18th century, various American Indian groups repeatedly evaluated and adjusted their alliances with Europeans, other tribes, and the new United States government. (ID-4) (POL-1) (ENV-2) (ENV-4) (CUL-1);
II. During and after the imperial struggles of the mid-18th century, new pressures began to unite the British colonies against perceived and real constraints on their economic activities and political rights, sparking a colonial independence movement and war with Britain. (ID-1) (WXT-1) (POL-1) (WOR-1) (CUL-2) (CUL-4);
III. In response to domestic and international tensions, the new United States debated and formulated foreign policy initiatives and asserted an international presence. (WOR-5) (POL-2) / Ch. 7:
•The Stamp Tax Uproar (pp. 115-117)
•Forced Repeal of the Stamp Act (pp. 117-118)
•The Townshend Tea Tax and the Boston “Massacre” (pp. 118-119)
•The Seditious Committees of Corres. (pp. 119-121)
•Tea Brewing in Boston (pp. 121-122)
•Parliament Passes the Intolerable Acts (p. 122)
•Bloodshed (pp. 122-124)
Ch. 8:
•Congress Drafts George Washington (pp. 132-133)
•Bunker Hill & Hessian Hirelings (p. 133)
•Patriots & Loyalists (pp. 139-142)
•The Colonial War Becomes a Wider War (pp. 146-147)
Key Concept 3.2 In the late 18th century, new experiments with democratic ideas and republican forms of government, as well as other new religious, economic and cultural ideas, challenged traditional imperial systems across the Atlantic World.
Themes:
I. During the 18th century, new ideas about politics and society led to debates about religion and governance, and ultimately inspired experiments with new governmental structures. (ID-1) (POL-5) (WOR-2) (CUL-4);
II. After experiencing the limitations of the Articles of Confederation, American political leaders wrote a new Constitution based on the principles of federalism and separation of powers, crafted a Bill of Rights, and continued their debates about the proper balance between liberty and order. (WXT-6) (POL-5) (WOR-5);
III. While the new governments continued to limit rights to some groups, ideas
promoting self-government and personal liberty reverberated around the world.
(ID-4) (WOR-2 ) (POL-5) (CUL-2) / Ch. 8:
•Thomas Paine Preaches Common Sense (pp. 134-136)
•Paine & the Idea of “Republicanism” (pp. 136-137)
•Jefferson’s “Explanation” of Independence (pp. 137-139)
Ch. 9:
•The Pursuit of Equality (pp. 158-160)
•Constitution Making in the States (p. 160)
•Creating a Confederation (pp. 162-164)
•The Articles of Confederation: America’s First Constitution (pp. 164-165)
•Landmarks in Land Laws (pp. 165-166)
•A Convention of “Demigods” (pp. 168-169)
•Patriots in Philadelphia (pp. 169- 170)
•Hammering Out a Bundle of Compromises (pp. 170-172)
•Safeguards for Conservatism (p. 172)
•The Clash of Federalists and Antifederalists (pp. 172-173)
•The Four Laggard States (pp. 175-176)
•A Conservative Triumph (pp. 176-177)
Ch. 10:
•The Impact of the French Revolution (pp. 187-190)
Key Concept 3.3 Migration within North America, cooperative interaction and competition for resources raised questions about boundaries and policies, intensified conflicts among peoples and nations, and led to contests over the creation of a multiethnic, multiracial national identity.
Themes:
I. As migrants streamed westward from the British colonies along the Atlantic seaboard, interactions among different groups that would continue under an independent United States resulted in competition for resources, shifting alliances, and cultural blending. (ID-5) (ID-6) (PEO-5) (POL-1) (WOR-1) (WOR-5);
II. The policies of the United States that encouraged western migration and the orderly incorporation of new territories into the nation both extended republican institutions and intensified conflicts among American Indians and Europeans in the trans-Appalachian West. (POL-1) (PEO-4) (WOR-5);
III. New voices for national identity challenged tendencies to cling to regional identities, contributing to the emergence of distinctly American cultural expressions. (ID-5) (WXT-2) (WXT-4) (POL-2) (CUL-2) (ENV-3) / Ch. 5:
•A Mingling of the Races (pp. 89-91)
•The Structure of Colonial Society (pp. 78-80)
Ch. 6:
•George Washington Inaugurates War with France (pp. 102-104)
•Global War and Colonial Disunity (pp. 104-106)
•War’s Fateful Aftermath (pp. 109-111)
Ch. 8:
•Patriots & Loyalists (pp. 139-142)
•The Loyalist Exodus (pp. 142-153)
•Peace at Paris (pp. 151-152)
•A New Nation Legitimized (pp. 152-153)
Period 4: 1800–1848
Key Concept 4.1 The United States developed the world’s first modern mass democracy and celebrated a new national culture, while Americans sought to define the nation’s democratic ideals and to reform its institutions to match them.
Themes:
I. The nation’s transformation to a more participatory democracy was accompanied by continued debates over federal power, the relationship between the federal government and the states, the authority of different branches of the federal government, and the rights and responsibilities of individual citizens. (POL-2) (POL-5) (POL-6) (ID-5);
II. Concurrent with an increasing international exchange of goods and ideas, larger numbers of Americans began struggling with how to match democratic political ideals to political institutions and social realities. (CUL-2) (POL-3) (POL-6) (WOR-2);
III. While Americans celebrated their nation’s progress toward a unified new national culture that blended Old World forms with New World ideas, various groups of the nation’s inhabitants developed distinctive cultures of their own. (ID-1) (ID-2) (ID-5) (CUL-2) (CUL-5) / Ch. 11:
•The Jeffersonian “Revolution of 1800” (pp. 203-204)
•The “Dead Clutch” of the Judiciary (pp. 208-210)
Ch. 12:
•The Second War for American Independence (pp. 229-230)
•Nascent Nationalism (pp. 230-231)
•”The American System” (pp. 231-232)
•The So-Called Era of Good Feelings (pp. 232-233)
•John Marshall & Judicial Nationalism (pp. 238)
Ch. 13:
•”The Corrupt Bargain” of 1824 (pp. 246-248)
•Thinking Globally: Alexis de Tocqueville on Democracy in America & Europe (pp. 252-253)
•The Bank War (pp. 259-260)
•Burying Biddle’s Bank (p. 262)
•The Birth of the Whigs (pp. 262-263)
•Log Cabins & Hard Cider of 1840 (pp. 270-271)
•Politics for the People (pp. 271-272)
•The Two-Party System (pp. 272-273)
Ch. 15:
•Reviving Religion (pp. 307-309)
•Free Schools for a Free People (312-313)
•Higher Goals for Higher Learning (pp. 313-314)
•The Age of Reform (pp. 314-316)
•Demon Rum—The “Old Deluder” (pp. 316-317)
•Women in Revolt (pp. 317-320)
•The Dawn of Scientific Achievement (pp. 321-324)
•Artistic Achievements (pp. 324-326)
•The Blossoming of a National Literature (pp. 326-327)
•Trumpeters of Transcendentalism (pp. 327-330)
•Glowing Literary Lights (pp. 330-331)
•Literary Individualists and Dissenters (pp. 31-332)
•Portrayers of the Past (p. 332)
Key Concept 4.2 Developments in technology, agriculture and commerce precipitated profound changes in U.S. settlement patterns, regional identities, gender and family relations, political power, and distribution of consumer goods.
Themes:
I.A global market and communications revolution, influencing and influenced bytechnological innovations, led to dramatic shifts in the nature of agriculture and manufacturing. (WXT-2) (WXT-5);
II. Regional economic specialization, especially the demands of cultivating southern cotton, shaped settlement patterns and the national and international economy.(PEO-2) (PEO-3) (WXT-2) (WXT-5) (WXT-6);
III. The economic changes caused by the market revolution had significant effects onmigration patterns, gender and family relations, and the distribution of politicalpower. (WXT-2) (WXT-7) (PEO-2) (PEO-3) (ID-5) (ID-6) / Ch. 12:
•Slavery and the Sectional Balance (p. 334)
•Makers of America: Settlers of the Old Northwest (pp. 236-237)
•The Uneasy Missouri Compromise (pp. 234-238)
Ch. 13:
•The Tricky “Tariff of Abominations” (pp. 251-255)
•”Nullies” in South Carolina (pp. 255-256)
•The Trail of Tears (pp. 256-259)
•Gone to Texas (pp. 265-266)
•The Lone Star Rebellion (pp. 266-270)
•Makers of America: Mexican or Texican? (pp. 268-269)
Ch. 14:
•The Westward Movement (pp. 276-277)
•Shaping the Western Landscape (pp. 277-278)
•The March of the Millions (pp. 278-280)
•The Emerald Isle Moves West (pp. 280-281)
•The German Forty-Eighters (pp. 281-284)
•Makers of America: The Irish (pp. 282-283)
•Creeping Mechanization (p. 285)
•Makers of America: The Germans (pp. 286-287)
•Whitney Ends the Fiber Famine (pp. 285-288)
•Marvels in Manufacturing (pp. 288-290)
•Workers & ”Wage Slaves” (pp. 290-293)
•Women & the Economy (pp. 293-295)
•Western Farmers Reap a Revolution in the Fields (pp. 295-296)
•Highways & Steamboats (pp. 296-297)
•”Clinton’s Big Ditch” in New York (pp. 297-299)
•The Iron Horse (p. 299)
•Cables, Clippers & Pony Riders (pp. 299-302)
•The Transport Web Binds the Union (p. 302)
•The Market Revolution (pp. 302-304)
Ch. 16:
•”Cotton is King!” (p. 338)
•The Planter “Aristocracy” (pp. 339-340)
•Slaves of the Slave System (pp. 340-341)
•The White Majority (pp. 341-344)
Key Concept 4.3 U.S. interest in increasing foreign trade, expanding its national borders and isolating itself from European conflicts shaped the nation’s foreign policy and spurred government and private initiatives.
Themes:
I. Struggling to create an independent global presence, U.S. policymakers sought todominate the North American continent and to promote its foreign trade.
(WOR-5) (WOR-6);
II. Various American groups and individuals initiated, championed, and/or resisted theexpansion of territory and/or government powers. (WOR-6) (POL-6);
III. The American acquisition of lands in the West gave rise to a contest over theextension of slavery into the western territories as well as a series of attempts atnational compromise. (ENV-3) (POL-6) / Ch. 11:
•Jefferson, a Reluctant Warrior (p. 210)
•The Louisiana Godsend (pp. 210-213)
•Louisiana in the Long View (pp. 213-214)
•A Precarious Neutrality (pp. 215-216)
•The Hated Embargo (pp. 216-218)
•Mr. Madison’s War (pp. 221-222)
Ch. 12:
•On to Canada over Land and Lakes (pp. 224-225)
•Washington Burned and New Orleans Defended (pp. 225-227)
•The Treaty of Ghent (pp. 227-228)
•”The American System” (pp. 231-232)
•Sharing Oregon and Acquiring Florida (pp. 239-241)
•The Menace of Monarchy in America (pp. 241-242)
•Monroe & His Doctrine (pp. 242-243)
•Monroe’s Doctrine Appraised (pp. 243-244)
Ch. 17:
•A War of Words with Britain (pp. 360-362)
•Manipulating the Maine Maps (p. 363)
•The Lone Star of Texas Shines Alone (p. 363)
•The Belated Texas Nuptials (p. 364)
•Oregon Fever Populates Oregon (pp. 365-366)
•A Mandate (?) for Manifest Destiny (pp. 366-367)
•Misunderstandings with Mexico (pp. 368-369)
•American Blood on American (?) Soil (pp. 369-370)
•The Mastering of Mexico (pp. 370-372)
•Fighting Mexico for Peace (pp. 372-373)
•Profit and Loss in Mexico (pp. 373-376)
Period 5: 1844–1877
Key Concept 5.1 The United States became more connected with the world as it pursued an expansionist foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere and emerged as the destination for many migrants from other countries.
Themes:
I. Enthusiasm for U.S. territorial expansion, fueled by economic and national securityinterests and supported by claims of U.S. racial and cultural superiority, resultedin war, the opening of new markets, acquisition of new territory, and increasedideological conflicts. (ID-2) (WXT-2) (WOR-5) (WOR-6) (ENV-3) (ENV-4);
II. Westward expansion, migration to and within the United States, and the end ofslavery reshaped North American boundaries and caused conflicts over Americancultural identities, citizenship, and the question of extending and protecting rightsfor various groups of U.S. inhabitants. (ID-6) (WXT-6) (PEO-2) (PEO-5) (PEO-6)(POL-6) / Ch. 14:
•The March of the Millions (pp. 278-280)
•The Emerald Isle Moves West (pp. 280-281)
•The German Forty-Eighters (pp. 280-284)
•Makers of America: The Irish (pp. 282-283)
•Flare-ups of Antiforeignism (pp. 284-285)
•Makers of America: The Germans (pp. 286-287)
Ch. 17:
•The Lone Star of Texas Shines Alone (p. 363)
•The Belated Texas Nuptials (p. 364)
•Oregon Fever Populates Oregon (pp. 365-366)
•A Mandate (?) for Manifest Destiny (pp. 366-367)
•Misunderstandings with Mexico (pp. 368-369)
•American Blood on American (?) Soil (pp. 369-370)
•The Mastering of Mexico (pp. 370-372)
•Fighting Mexico for Peace (pp. 372-373)
•Profit and Loss in Mexico (pp. 373-376)
Ch. 18:
•Expanionist Stirrings South of the Border (pp. 388-390)
•The Allure of Asia (pp. 390-391)
Key Concept 5.2 Intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions,debates over slavery and other economic, cultural and political issues led the nation into civil war.
Themes:
I. The institution of slavery and its attendant ideological debates, along with regional economic and demographic changes, territorial expansion in the 1840s and1850s, and cultural differences between the North and the South, all intensified sectionalism. (ID-5) (POL-3) (POL-5) (POL-6) (CUL-2) (CUL-6);
II. Repeated attempts at political compromise failed to calm tensions over slavery andoften made sectional tensions worse, breaking down the trust between sectional leaders and culminating in the bitter election of 1860, followed by the secession of southern states. (POL-2) (POL-6) (PEO-5) (ID-5) / Ch. 16:
•Plantation Slavery (pp. 344-346)
•Life Under the Lash (pp. 346-348)
•The Burdens of Bondage (pp.348-349)
•Early Abolitionism (pp. 349-350)
•Radical Abolitionism (pp. 350-353)
•Thinking Globally: The Struggle to Abolish Slavery (pp. 354-355)
•The South Lashes Back (pp. 353-356)
•The Abolitionist Impact in the North (pp. 356-357)
Ch. 17:
•Profit and Loss in Mexico (pp. 373-376)
Ch. 18:
•”Californy Gold” (pp. 380-381)
•Sectional Balance & the Underground Railroad (pp. 381-383)
•Twilight of the Senatorial Giants (pp. 383-384)
•Deadlock & Danger on Capitol Hill (p. 384)
•Breaking the Congressional Logjam (pp. 384-385)
•Balancing the Compromise Scales (pp. 385-387)
•Defeat & Doom for the Whigs (pp. 387-388)
•Pacific Railroad Promoters & the Gadsden Purchase (pp. 391-392)
•Douglas’s Kansas-Nebraska Scheme (pp. 392-394)
•Congress Legislates a Civil War (p. 394)
Ch. 19:
•Stowe & Helper: Literary Incendiaries (pp. 396-398)
•The North-South Contest for Kansas (pp. 398-399)
•Kansas in Convulsion (pp. 399-400)
•”Bully” Brooks & His Bludgeon (pp. 400-401)
•”Old Buck” Versus “The Pathfinder” (pp. 401-402)
•The Electoral Fruits of 1856 (p. 403)