Module 6 October 10, 2005

Construction of annotated bibliography

TV10_Module6

This module consist extensive of research to find the right article for module 4 and on module 4 used these for most of it main idea. These nine article that will be use as reference only. The topic of federal budget is so broad and to find the right topic will need to narrow down to a specify question. What is the process of the federal budget and what to do to get to surplus or deficit.

Michelle D. Robinson and Benjamin A. Mandel “Federal Budget Estimates for Fiscal Year 2006” Survey of current business, Vol. 85 Issue 3,March 2005, p14, 11 page 10 charts, 3 graph.

This article it about federal budget estimates in the U.S. for fiscal year 2006. This is a proposal for legislative and program changes in the fiscal budget; Comparison of the federal budget and the national income and product accounts estimates; Expectations regarding quarterly pattern of expenditures, gross investment and net borrowing

Arestis, Philip; Cipollini, Andrea; Fattouh, Bassam” Threshold Effects in the U.S.Budget Deficit”OxfordUniversity Vol: 42, Issue: 2, April 2004 pp. 214-222

10.1093/ei/cbh055

America contribute to the debate on whether the U.S. large federal budget deficits are sustainable in the long run. We model the U.S. government deficit per capita as a threshold autoregressive process. We find evidence that the U.S. budget deficit is sustainable in the long run and that economic policy makers will only intervene to reduce per capita deficit when it reaches a certain threshold. (JEL C32, E62)

Pitzer, Claire G.; Tsehaye, Benyam”federal Budget Estimates, Fiscal Year 2004”

Survey of Current Business, Vol. 83 Issue 3, Mar2003, p14, 10p, 10 charts, 3graphs

Presents the U.S. Federal Budget Estimates for the fiscal year 2004. Details of the budget estimates; Proposed legislation and program changes; Transformation of budget data into the national income and product accounts framework.

Voronina, V.; Dynnikova, O.; Kulikov, M.; Ustinov, A.”The Draft Federal Budget for 2002”Problems of Economic Transition, Vol. 45 Issue 1,May2002, p9, 12p

Focuses on economic issues which influenced the 2002 budget of Russia. Evaluation of the economic performance during the first half of the year; Advantage of the increase in industrial production; Absence of deterioration in the balance of trade.

Joshua B. Boltern ( Director of The office management and budget) “Mid section of Budget of the United States GovernmentFiscal Year 2006”

contains revised estimates of budget receipts, outlays, and budget authority for fiscal years 2004 through 2009 and other summary information.

Office of Management and Budget” Budget of the United States Government: Browse Fiscal Year 2006”

This give all the list of documents that president Bush proposal for 2006 budget

from letter to the congress and break down to how much to each organization from

the defend department allway down to forest.

Gokhale, Jagadeesh “A list of summary of budget from 1996 to 2005.”

Alia Publishing, 11 May 2005

Cambridge, Mass. : National Bureau of Economic Research, c2005

"The U.S. Social Security system has helped keep many retirees out of poverty. However, according to the Social Security and Medicare Trustees, Social Security faces a future financial shortfall of $10.4 trillion in present value. This enormous imbalance has received little attention in public debates about Social Security. Instead, the media and policymakers continue to focus on the program's trust fund and several other ad-hoc measures that create a misleading impression of the size of Social Security's financial problem. Although the Social Security Trust Fund is not projected to be exhausted until 2042, Social Security's $10.4 trillion present value imbalance is accruing interest and will grow by $600 billion during 2004 alone. The current cash-flow federal budget, however, is biased against reforms that would improve Social Security's finances. As shown herein, a new federal accounting system would remove this bias"--National Bureau of Economic Research web siteKingston, Ont. : John Deutsch Institute for the Study of Economic Policy, Queen's University ; Montreal ; Ithaca : Published in cooperation with McGill-Queen's University Press, [2004]

Greenspan, Alan “Federal Reserve Bulletin”, vol. 87, no. 3, March 2001, pp. 157-60

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Alan Greenspan presents his views on some of the important issues surrounding the outlook for the federal budget and the attendant implications for the formulation of fiscal policy and testifies that the most recent projections, granted their tentativeness, nonetheless make clear that the highly desirable goal of paying off the federal debt is in reach before the end of the decade. He states further that the emerging key fiscal policy need is to address the implications of maintaining surpluses beyond the point at which publicly held debt is effectively eliminated (Testimony before the Senate Committee on the Budget, January 25, 2001).

Carson, Robert B; Thomas, Wade L; Hecht, Jason “.Economic issues today: Alternative approaches”Sixth edition. Armonk, N.Y. and London: “Sharpe publish,” 1999, pp. xii, 358

Revised and updated textbook introduces the noneconomist to economic reasoning and debate by presenting the contrasting conservative, liberal, and radical perspectives on fourteen contemporary economic issues. Surveys alternative economic philosophies. Covers debates on issues of competition versus protection for American agriculture; consumer welfare; environmental economics; imperfect competition and policy toward big business; economic regulation and deregulation; income distribution and welfare reform; fairness in taxation; the economy's natural propensity toward recession and depression; active versus passive policy approaches to economic growth and stability; whether it makes sense to balance the federal budget; the seriousness of the unemployment problem; inflation and how to maintain price stability; international economics and the U.S. role in the "new world order"; and the market versus planning and controls. Split macroeconomic and microeconomic versions of the sixth edition--entitled Macroeconomic Issues Today: Alternative Approaches and Microeconomic Issues Today: Alternative Approaches--are also available. Carson and Thomas are at the State University of New York, College, Oneonta. Hecht is at Ramapo College of New Jersey. Index.