Coding Scheme
- Code general phrases/sport-related tweets
- Ignore LOL at the end of ‘sarcastic’ tweets and leave as negative
- Use of capital letters for a single word adds an extra level of stress
- Read emoticons as lessening the [negative] ‘feeling/sentiment’
- Sarcasm will always depend on the context
- Ignore foreign language tweets (including Spanish)
- Code lyrics, psalms, poems, quotes from books/films, jokes
Stress & Stressors +
Negative Feelings / -5 / -4 / -3 / -2 / -1
Fatal road accidents
Murder/violation/death/ shooting/torture -if they affect the tweeter directly, or in a close way (If mentioned without a clear direct impact, then -4)
Much violence/aggression (mass shooting/terror attack)
Natural disasters / Use of term insane
Forcing someone into something (e.g. public speaking; eviction, disclosing personal information)
Stolen or lost items (e.g. Car theft, laptop, etc)
Scared (ex.: I was scared)
Being extremely shocked/astonished
Fuming
Infuriate
Fuck/fucking (used in negative way)
Doesn’t care
So/very…nervous/concerned/ anxious/bad/stressed/annoyed/upset/depressed
Being under a lot of pressure
Complete disaster (e.g. broken fridge)
Reporting on road accidents/travel delays where itcauses the tweeter to be late/mad/annoyed
Violence/aggression (describing or being involved in
a fight, verbal aggression)
Infidelity (if it affects the tweeter directly) / Descriptions of traffic accidents/disruptions/delays
I feel/am… bad/awful/stressed/annoyed/ concerned/nervous/anxious/upset/depressed/under pressure
So/very … tired/hungry/ill (e.g. cold/flu/headache)
Lack of sleep (long period of time)
Being shocked/astonished
It really bugs me
I miss him/her very much/lots (or a ‘miss him/her + further details)
Anxious/annoyed at trivial things (+emoticon)
I’m overworked/very busy
I’m in a hurry
Feeling unable to do something
Wanting to flee/disappear
Profanity + insults
Racist/hateful comments
Negative superlatives ‘Worst moment in my life’
Religious readings used for negative impact (or -4 depending on text)
Condemning political issues/politicians
“It’s critical”
Stolen or lost unimportant things
Being broke (unless is ‘not being able to pay rent’ is -4)
Surrender claims (e.g. giving up) / Having to save up for something
‘Don’t worry’
‘We’ve drifted apart’
‘I wish I had the cure for world thirst’
Mild derogative commentsor insults such as (shut up you ‘tosspot’; ‘dumb’; ‘idiot’; ‘twat’; ‘useless’)
“I need to stop doing something” (that is bad health/money wise, e.g. drinking too much; smoking, spending, etc.)
Disbelief/ incredulity statement
‘I have to be at work in 3 hours’
Not wanting to go specific places (e.g. Work, school)
I miss him/her
Sentiments/emotions:
I’m sad/tired/hungry/unlucky/ill/sleepy
Opinions: dislikes/ Asshole attitude
Context suggesting neg. emotions: (e.g. That’s sad; He’s crying; We grumbled; it’s pathetic, that’s irritating)
Statement with a sour undertone (e.g., live life to the fullest, you’ll regret it in the long run) / No indicators of negative feelings/ stress
1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5
Relax & Relaxedness / She dozed off
I have plenty of time before the train departs
It’s a quiet/nice day
Plain expressions referring to weather (e.g. Sun is up)
Low music is playing on the background
Congratulations for….
Have a good day!
It’s good to me
Arranging/talking about annual leave
Jokes / Watching favourite TV/film
Reading a good book
Having/cooking a nice meal
Staying in bed/napping/sleeping
Excellent day/what a fabulous day/ great weather
Superlative adjectives (e.g. excellent, best, wonderful, prettiest, most, biggest, awesome)
I’m excited (so excited and very excited) / Lovely leisurely walk
Really enjoyed…(+ doing/being).
Perfect (+ context/description, e.g. ‘An excellent swim’)
Descriptions of nice weather + doing something during
We’re meditating
Being in a sauna
Getting a massage/being pampered / Having ‘Wonderful’ time (it would have to include a description/context of the relaxing activity)
Positive Feelings / Sentiments/emotions such as:
I feel pleased /I’m happy / I’m fine / I’m lucky /
I’m proud of / You’re lovely/ pleasant surprise
‘Thanks’(when the tweeter receives something)
I love you
I hope you’re ok
‘Thanks’(when the tweeter receives something)
Congratulations
Opinions:
That’s lovely/funny/great
It’s not too shabby
Nice TV fan comments
Pukka!
Happy birthday/Good Luck!
Something related to laughter/smiling
The world becoming a better place
Humorous payback / So/very…pleased/good/lucky/proud/fascinating/ beautiful/excited
Sentiment/emotions:
I love you so much/I seriously love it/I’m madly in love
Opinions/Praising oneself or others:
Awesome / Looks fantastic/ Beautiful/Great/
They’re so beautiful
Being impressed/amazed
Cheerful
Do them the world of good
Thumbs up from me
Religious quotes that seem to be uplifting
Being grateful
Trusting someone (e.g. Trust you mate!)
Thanks ever so much
Giving good advise