Classification Note 12

Name______TEXTBOOK PAGES:______assign#______

  1. Classification is the ______of objects based on ______.
  2. Classification is an important process in ______how organisms are ______and how they are different. ______is the branch of biology that studies the grouping and naming of organisms.

History of classification:

  1. .
  2. .
  3. .

From the video clip: How is the modern system different from the time of Linnaeus? ______

  1. Binomial nomenclature: ______word system.
  1. The ______words, ______and ______, are always ______(or underlined). The first word in a scientific name, genus, is always ______and the second word, species, is ______capitalized.
  1. What we use to classify:In addition to (1)______and (2)behavior, (3)______structure (e.g., ______) and(4) evolutionary ______are also considered when classifying organisms.
  1. ______levels of classification:

______alike

______alike

  1. .
  1. .
  1. .

  1. A tool to identify organisms is called a ______. It is made from ______of contrasting characteristics (e.g., has wings/does not have wings).
  1. Answer:______24. Answer:______25. Answer:______26.Answer:______

Reading Cladograms & Phylogentic Trees

1. What is a trait that is shared by both birds and dinosaurs?

2. Which are more closely related: Birds and Turtles OR Birds and Mammals?

1. What characteristic do all of the organisms in the cladogram share?

2. Which are more closely related: Lungfish and Flounder OR Lungfish and Mammals?

3. What is a major difference between mammals and birds (according to the cladogram above?

1. After which animals did mammary glands develop?

2. What animal does not have jaws?

3. Which animals have lungs?

4. Which animals are probably predators?

5. After which animal did protection from the elements arise?

6. What other animals would come after the chimp?

7. Which animals would come before the hagfish?

Dichotomous Key to Salamanders

Key to the Salamanders:

(smartboard review…….we will do this together in class)

ClassificationPractice

Book Work: On your own.


Dichotomous Key online:

List the names when you have finished.

______

______

Directions: Fill in the chart below.

CRITTER CHART ONE
CRITTER I / CRITTER II / CRITTER III / CRITTER IV
Phylum / Echinodermata
Class / Asteroidea
Order / Forcipulata / Forcipulata
Family / Heliasteridae / Asteriidea / Heliasteridae
Genus / Pisaster / Orthasterias / Pisaster / Evasterias
species / ochraceus / koehleri / brevispinus / trochelii

Questions:

1.According to the chart ABOVE which critters are most CLOSLY related?

2.According to the chart ABOVE which critters are most DISTANTLY related?

3.According to the chart ABOVE which critters have the most structural characteristics in common?

4.According to the chart ABOVE which critters have the least structural characteristics in common?

5.According to the chart ABOVE which critters have the most genes in common?

6. According to the chart ABOVE which are more closely related: Critter I & Critter II or Critter II & Critter IV?

CRITTER CHART TWO

Lion / Cat / Dog / Man / Bird
Phylum / Chordata
Class / Mammalia / Mammalia / Aves
Order / Carnivora / Carnivora / Primates / Passiformes
Family / Felicidae / Canidae / Homaridae / Minidae
Genus / Felis / Felis / Canus / Homo / Dumatella
species / leo / silvestris / familiaris / sapiens / carolinensis

7.At which level of classification would you first describe differences between a lion and a cat?

8.The first level of classification that would differentiate a cat from a dog is?

9.What is the lowest classification level at which structural similarities between a cat and a bird can be described?

10. A Lion and a dog are similar in some structures. What is the lowest level at which these similarities can be described?

Biology “Scientific Names” Starter

I. Using Chart #1 from page 6, write the scientific names correctly for the following:

  1. Critter I : ______3. Critter II: ______
  2. Critter III: ______4. Critter IV: ______

II. Using Chart #2 from page 6, write the scientific names correctly for the following:

  1. Bird : ______3. Cat: ______
  2. Lion: ______4. Man: ______

III. Classification System

  1. What is the first part of the name? ______2. What is the second part of the name? ______
  1. Who developed this system for naming? ______
  2. What is the name of the system? ______

Which Kingdom is this? Starter

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, Fungi, Plantae, or Animalia. (some may be more than one)

______1.Contains prokaryotes, cells without membrane-bound organelles.

______2.Are unicellular and multicellular organisms with a variety of characteristics.

______3.Eukaryotic organisms that lack complex organ systems and live in moist environments.

______4.Multicellular eukaryotes that photosynthesize.

______5.Consumers that stay put.

______6.Have cell walls made of chitin.

______7.Have cell walls made of cellulose.

______8.They are unicellular or multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes that absorb nutrients from dead and decaying matter. They are decomposers

______9.Multicellular consumers that do not have cell walls

______10.Only kingdoms that are prokaryotic.

______11.Believed to be the oldest kingdoms.

Online Activities

Part 1

1) How do you build a cladogram/ What steps should you follow?

2)Fill in the cladogram to the right

Click “ready to draw your cladogram”

-Make your cladogram (do not print)

Part 2:Learn Biology: Classification- The Taxonomic Hierarchy

  1. What is Taxonomic Hierarchy?
  2. Why do scientists like to put things in order (groups)?
  3. Mountain Lion Classification: Domain:______Kingdom: ______Phylum:______(Why this phylum?______) Class: ______(Why this class?______) Order: ______Family: ______Genus:______Species: ______

Part 3: Classifying Life: NOVA

Click “Launch Interactive.” Choose one organism and classify it. Write it’s classification below

What organism did you choose? ______

Kingdom: ______Phylum: ______Class:______Order: ______Family:______Genus: ______Species:______

Scientific Name: ______How many points did you get? _____

Reading(on your own):

1

Georgia Biology Standards:SB3. Students will derive the relationship between single-celled and multi-celled organisms

and the increasing complexity of systems. b. Compare how structures and function vary between the six kingdoms (archaebacteria,

eubacteria, protists, fungi, plants, and animals). c. Examine the evolutionary basis of modern classification systems.