Classic City Classic: Round 10
1.One scene toward the end of this work is set on the way to a tea house where characters find the grave of an inventor known as the Commandant. The story is told from the point of view of a nameless European dignitary who is learning thehistory of a certain machine fromthe Officer, one of only four characters who appear in the work. In the end, the Officer is killed by the malfunctioning machine which thenarrating Traveler perceivesto be a torture device,which is designed to carve "Be Just" into the skin of the Condemned. FTP, name this 1914 short story that takes place in an unnamed prison island, a work of Franz Kafka.
Answer:In the Penal Colony
2.Training clients to speak in the first person is one tactic used in Fritz Perls’ therapy associated with this concept, which in one respect deals with the correlation between experience and cerebral activity, known as psychological isomorphism. The fundamental principle of Prägnanz, which governs human perception as it relates to continuity, symmetry, proximity, similarity, and closure, is the main thrust of this theory, which in general describes the brains ability to holistically self-organize. FTP, what psychological theory championed by Karl Stumpff, Kurt Koffka, and Max Wertheimer examines the mind’s tendency to see the whole?
Answer: Gestalt(prompt on Berlin School, accept word variants)
3.The particles that carry it comprise the positively and negatively charged W particles and the neutral Z particle. For example, under it, any quark type can convert to any other quark type with a different electric charge by emitting or absorbing a W boson. The sun would not burn without it since it allows deuterium fusion to take place, and it is best known for causing the radioactive beta decay of particles. FTP, name this fundamental force that is stronger than gravitation but not the electromagnetic force or the strong nuclear force.
Answer:WeakNuclear Force or Weak interaction
4.Moise Tshombe led one notable government during a period of disorder in this country that was once ruled by the leader of the MNC, Patrice Lumumba. Joseph Kasavubu presided over it throughout its frequent instability, but, after exiling many other leaders to Katangi province, he was himself overturned by a leader of the army, Mobutu Sese Seko, who ruled from 1965 until 1997 when Tutsi rebels captured the capital and made Kabila leader of this country. Featuring a long namesake river, this is, FTP, what former Belgian colony with capitol at Kinshasa?
Answer:DemocraticRepublic of theCongo (most of the tossup is discussing the country before its name was changed fromZaire, so go ahead and accept that; prompt on Congo)
5.InThe Catcher in the Rye, Holden admits that this author’s best-known work is “a pretty good book.” He follows the short life of an eighteen-year old factory worker of Vere street in his first novel, and he used his experiences in MI6 a spy novel. In addition to Liza of Lambeth andAshenden: Or the British Agent, this author satirized Hardy and Walpole inCakes and Ale. In his most famous work, a clubfooted orphan falls in love with the shallow waitress Mildred Rogers. FTP, name this author who used the life of Paul Gauguin as a basis forThe Moon and Sixpence,and who depicted Philip Carey inOf Human Bondage.
Answer:William SomersetMaugham[“Mawm”]
6.During its diplotene stage a bivalent starts to pull apart though they still remain attached to chiasmata. Following diplotene is diakinesis in which there is further condensation of chromatids. Before the diplotene stage is pachytene stage where there exists full synapsis of homologues, and recombination nodules appear showing that crossing over is occurring. In its zygotene stage, the chromosomes are completely visible and homologous ones begin pairing along the synaptonemal complex. All of these are stages that must be undergone in, FTP, this first stage of meiosis.
Answer:prophase I(prompt on prophase, acceptmeiosisbefore mentioned)
7.The phrase “stony sleep”in this poemwas taken from a Blake poem when Urizen rise to become the Sphinx of Egypt, and it also describes “A shape with lion body and the head of a man, / A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun.” Carl Jung’s theory of the unconcscious may have inspired the figure “Spiritus Mundi” that troubles the speaker’s sight. The speaker envisions “a rough beast” that “slouches towards Bethlehem” in this poem that begins, “Turning and turning in the widening gyre / The falcon cannot hear the falconer.” For 10 points, Achebe took the title of his novelThings Fall Apartfrom what Yeats poemabout the coming of darkness and evil instead of the return of Jesus.
Answer:TheSecond Coming
8.Its namesake stated that no heat effect is observed in exchange reactions of neutral salts in aqueous solution, and silver telluride is also named for the man who came up with this idea. According to this law, the change in enthalpy in a certain reaction can be calculated by performing arithmetic equations on chemical equations with known enthalpy change values. Arising from the law of conservation of energy, its relevance comes from the fact that energy changes are state functions. FTP, name this law of summation indicating that the heat of a chemical reaction is independent of the path of the reaction, named for a Swiss-Russian chemist.
Answer:Hess' First Law
9.This film includes memorable scenes like the disappearance of a puppy that had earlier been taken after the killing of a harmless boat's occupants, and the meeting of one character with a crying USO star. A stay with some French people precedes protagonist Benjamin Willard's arrival at his end destination, where he is to kill a renegade colonel. After a reading of "The Hollow Men" Willard goes through with his task and murders the colonel, hearing the famous last words “the horror, the horror.” FTP, name this Francis Ford Coppola film featuring Martin Sheen and Marlon Brando.
Answer:Apocalypse Now
10.One member of this family is described as “the blue-eyed Jewish-Irish Mohican scout who died in your arms at the roulette table at Monte Carlo.” That thespian is the youngest member of a set of siblings who have all appeared on the game show “It’s a Wise Child” and become somewhat disillusioned after the suicide of the eldest brother. This family also features an alter-ego of its creator named Buddy who is featured in “Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters." Seymour kills himself in "A Perfect Day for Bananafish," one of theNine Storiesabout this family. FTP, identify this fictional American family including Zooey and Franny, which was created by J.D. Salinger.
Answer:Glassfamily
11.This work is believed to be restitution for the commissioner’s practices of usury. Evidence of which is found inThe Last Judgment, where he is depicted presenting the Virgin with a model. Each image features the striking blue background made from lapis lazuli, and is gilt as well. The scene ofMeeting at the Golden Gatefeatures the first romantic kiss in Western art, while the other registers chronicle the lives of the Virgin and Christ. FTP, identify this work by Giotto, featuring the story of redemption through the lives of Joachim, the Virgin, and Jesus, in Padua, Italy.
Answer:Arena ChapelorScorovegni Chapel
12.This composer’s second symphony, dedicated to Ferruccio Busoni, is split into four movements, each of which feature humorous sketches of sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, and melancholic dispositions, giving it the appropriate nicknameThe Four Temperamentssymphony. Of his six symphonies, others are nicknamed "Espansiva," "Semplice," and perhaps the most famous, which features two dueling timpani in its last movement, the "Inextinguishable" Symphony. FTP, identify this Danish composer.
Answer: CarlNielson
13.This term describes the time after a dispute between Hosokawa Katsumoto and Yamana Sozen escalated into a conflict involving the Ashikaga Shogunate known as the Onin War. That war caused the Japanese version of it also known as the Sengoku period, while the more famous one featured the great reformer Wu Qi’s attempts to strengthen Chu, and Shang Yang’s legalistic reforms in the kingdom of Qin. The state of Qin eventually conquered the six other namesakes of, FTP, what latter period of the Zhou dynasty in which Sun Tzu’sArt of Warwas written?
Answer:Warring StatesPeriod (accept Sengoku period on early buzz; accept reasonable equivalents)
14.Geological features on this moon consist of craters named after characters from the Jonathan Swift novelGulliver’s Travels.In fact the only truly named ridge on this moon is the Kepler Dorsum. Its most distinguishing geographical structure is the Stickney Crater. Discovered by Asaph Hall, who is also responsible for discovery its brother moon, it is observed to have an irregular shape. Being the far closer to its parent planet’s surface than its brother moon, FTP, name this moon which orbits the red planet Mars with Deimos.
Answer:Phobos
15.One work by this author is supposedly based on the life of Jeffrey Dahmer while another depicts the mid-20thcentury life of American Jesse Vogel. In addition toZombieandWonderland, this author ofWe Were the Mulvaneyswrote a novel fictionalizing the life of Marilyn Monroe entitledBlonde. This prolific editor and literary critic wroteBlack Wateras well as a work featuring the character Clara Walpole which shares its name with a Hieronymus Bosch painting and one of her novels explores the lives of Catholic school students Loretta, Maureen, and Jules. FTP, name this American author ofA Garden of Earthly Delightsandthem.
Answer: Joyce CarolOates
16.This thinker used the terms noema and noesis to describe related elements of perceptual experience in the method of thought he developed. He described the world as “lost in order to be regained” in his theories of Epoche, present in his workCartesian Meditations, while retention and protention are key to his worksExperience and Judgmentand another criticized by Gottlob Frege entitledLogical Investigations.FTP, name this author ofPhilosophy of Arithmetic, the founder of phenomenology.
Answer:EdmundHusserl
17.In the beginning of this opera, a young villagar seduces a woman after finding out that his fiancée Lola had married a prosperous villager while he was at war. Turiddu, the young man, is in trouble when the woman he seduced, Santuzza, becomes pregnant and Lola's husband Alfio finds out about Lola's affair. Turiddu and Alfio become involved in a fight to the death when Turiddu bites off Alfio's ear, and Turiddo ends up the loser. With a famous "Intermezzo" used in Raging Bull andThe Godfather Part III,FTP, name this one act opera, which is often on a double-bill with Leoncavallo’sPagliacci, a work about “rustic chivalry” by Pietro Mascagni.
Answer:Cavalleria Rusticana(acceptRustic Chivalrybefore the word)
18.The only time one of his clients received the death penalty was in his insanity defense of Patrick Prendergast after he had assassinated Chicago mayor Carter Harrison. Author of the booksPersian Pearl, Resist Not Evil, and the autobiographicalFarmington, he was accused of bribing the jury in the McNamara case. Also defense lawyer for Grace Hubbard in the Massie case, and more famously for Leopold and Loeb, he sacrificed a railway corporate lawyer career to represent Eugene Debs after the Pullman strike, though he is most famous for challenging the Butler Act in a square off against William Jennings Bryan. FTP, name this defense lawyer of the Scopes Monkey Trial.
Answer:ClarenceDarrow
19.In these people's belief system one goddess was cut up into pieces by her many lovers for her promiscuity, and that god is known as Mama Coca. A more popular god is depicted with a club and a jug in which he carries around the milky way. That god, Ilapa, then uses the milky way to create rain, which he sprinkles upon earth. Emperors were all descendents of the sun god Inti by way of their descendent Manco Capac, and for that reason the emperor's made Inti surpass Viracocha in importance in later history. FTP, such a mythology was followed at locations such as Macchu Picchu and Cuzco in what South American civilization?
Answer:Incan
20.At the young age of seventeen he ousted his regent Roger Mortimer, and this king’s revoking of the Treaty of Northampton resumed the war with Scotland his father and grandfather had waged. His campaigns against David II Bruce, however, provoked the French, and their King Philip VI took Ponthieu and Aquitaine. Nevertheless, effective campaigning by him and his son, the Black Prince, helped him argue the favorable Treaty of Brétigny after earning victories at Crecy and Poitiers. FTP, which Plantagenet King ruled from 1327-1377, managing both the Black Death and the start of the Hundred Years War?
Answer:Edward III
Tiebreaker: He enjoyed depicting equestrian scenes filled with action, such as one in which the titular figure sits atop a leopard skin saddle with his saber in hand, or another in which black clouds sit below a bright sun as four horsemen race. In addition to The Charging Chasseur and The Epson Derby, he used real corpses to model the figures in his most famous work, in which one character holds a fallen comrade and looks glumly out to sea whilst another character waves a red and white flag. For ten points, identify this Romanticist painter of Raft of the Medusa.
Theodore Gericault
BONUSES
1.He once traveled to Yomi to retrieve his similarly-named wife, who had previously helped him raise the islands of Japan from the sea. FTPE
A) Identify this god from Japanese Mythology, who later created three gods while washing his face.
Answer:Izanagi
B) During the aforementioned face-washing, Izanagi created the moon god Tsukuyomi from his right eye, and this more important goddess of the sun from his left eye.
Answer:Amaterasu
C) That same face washing also sent this god of sea and storms out from his nose. He caused Amaterasu to hide in her cave, and with his sword Kusanagi he slayed Orochi.
Answer:Susanowo
2. During the latter portion of the 19th century it split into factions, with one ruled by James G Blaine and another by Roscoe Conkling. FTPE:
A) Identify this political party, to which the aforementioned and Chester Arthur belonged, along with others like Abraham Lincoln.
Answer: Republican
A) Chester Arthur was expected to support this group after his ascension to the presidency. Instead he signed the Pendleton Civil Service Act and betrayed their leader Roscoe Conkling. They opposed the Half Breeds.
Answer:Stalwarts
C) These progressive minded republicans opposed both the Stalwarts and the Half-breeds, and their name comes from an Algonquin word meaning “big chief.”
Answer:Mugwumps
3.He was a champion of the Sturm und Drang movement and is often classified as a romanticist, FTPE:
A.) Identify this author of Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, as well as the drama Faust.
Answer: Johann Wolfgang vanGoethe
B.) This other work by Goethe sees the eventual suicide by the titular character, who is driven to despair over Lotte.
Answer: TheSorrows of Young Werther
C.) During the heyday of Romanticism James McPherson created this northern European bard who he passed off as an authentic Gaelic figure, of whom Werther shows a great deal of interest.
Answer:Ossian
4.FTPE, identify the following Biblical prophets.
A) This prophet lived during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. His message was to tell the Israelites to come back to Yahweh before the land will be laid to waste, and he anticipated Jesus' coming.
Answer:Isaiah
B) Otherwise known as the “broken-hearted” and “weeping” prophet, this prophet authored the book of Lamentations with his scribe Baruch. He also prophesized the fall of Jerusalem by the hands of Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon.Next to Psalms, he has the longest book in the Bible.
Answer:Jeremiah
C) This prophet’s name means “embrace” in Hebrew and his prophecies are aimed towards the Babylonians. The first part of his book is a cry to God for action against the evils of the world.
Answer:Habakkuk
5.In addition toThe Theodicythis thinker wrote the essay "The Principles of Nature and Grace" FTPE:
A) Identify this famous philosopher that championed the principle of sufficient reason and co-invented calculus.
Answer:GottfriedLeibniz
B) In Voltaire'sCandide, this character's optimism is a parody of Leibniz's views.
Answer:DoctorPangloss
C) This essay, perhaps Leibniz's most famous work, describes entelechies in addition to the namesake units of nature. It also contains the famous statement that we live in the "best of all possible worlds."