Chp. 1/ Safety Practice Questions
- What is the metric unit for volume?
- For ease of understanding, scientists report measurements using what system?
- Counts or measurements are examples of data produced by what kind of research?
- Is a brain scan an example of technology?
- What is a possible explanation for a scientific question?
- What is the theme that reflects the idea that there has been a gradual change in the characteristics of species over time?
- Living things adjust to a stimulus by a reaction called what?
- Living things change during their lives through what?
- All living things _____ to make more living things.
- What is the study of standards for what is right and what is wrong?
- What is the information gathered from experiments called?
- What is a structured procedure for collecting information to test a hypothesis called?
- What is the application of science to the needs and problems of society called?
- What is a scientific explanation of known facts arrived at through repeated testing over time called?
- What is the part of an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same called?
- What are the steps commonly used by scientists in gathering information to test hypotheses and solve problems?
- What is a testable explanation for a question or problem called?
- Quantitative research is often reported as _____ to aid understanding.
- What kind of research is usually based on numerical measurements.
- What is the gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time?
- What are the living and nonliving factors in an organism's surroundings called?
- What is any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to better survive in an environment?
- What is an organism's tendency to maintain a stable internal environment?
- What are the series of changes that an organism undergoes during its lifetime called?
- What is the process whereby an organism produces more of its own kind?
- Safety symbol for: Substance is flammable or combustible; using an open flame could cause a fire or an explosion.
- Safety symbol for: Chemicals or reactions between chemicals could produce dangerous fumes.
- Safety symbol for: Substance is poisonous.
- Safety symbol for: Handling of hot objects could cause burns.
- Compare and contrast organism and species.
- Compare and contrast growth and development.
- Compare and contrast stimulus and response.
- List and explain the four main characteristics used to identify oak trees or hummingbirds as living things.
- Describe some of the benefits that can be obtained from a study of biology.
- An important theme in the study of biology is how living things depend upon other living things. Discuss how humans depend upon other living things and how living things depend upon humans.
- A clam closes its shell when it is removed from its watery environment. Why does the clam behave in this way?
- Compare and contrast independent variable and dependent variable.
- Discuss how a biologist might carry out quantitative and descriptive research on a species of monkeys.
- Contrast law and theory.
- Contrast pure science and applied science.
- List the steps of the scientific method in the correct order.
- Chp. 1
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1.ANS:TPTS:1DIF:B
OBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
2.ANS:F
SI
metric
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
3.ANS:F, ethics
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-6NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
4.ANS:F, quantitative
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
5.ANS:F, experimental
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
6.ANS:F, conclusion
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-4NAT:C6 | F4 | F5
STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
7.ANS:TPTS:1DIF:B
OBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
8.ANS:F, hypothesis
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-4NAT:C6 | F4 | F5
STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
9.ANS:F, microscope
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
10.ANS:F, inductive
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-4NAT:C6 | F4 | F5
STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
11.ANS:TPTS:1DIF:B
OBJ:1-1NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
MULTIPLE CHOICE
12.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
13.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
14.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
15.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
16.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
17.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
18.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
19.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
20.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
21.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
22.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
23.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-4
NAT:C6 | F4 | F5STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
24.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-6
NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
25.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-4
NAT:C6 | F4 | F5STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
26.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
27.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
28.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
29.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-6
NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
30.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-6
NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
31.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
32.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
33.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-5
NAT:F4 | G1 | G2STA:P.1.1
34.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-5
NAT:F4 | G1 | G2STA:P.1.1
35.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-5
NAT:F4 | G1 | G2STA:P.1.1
36.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
37.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
38.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-5
NAT:F4 | G1 | G2STA:P.1.1
39.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3
NAT:G1 | G2
40.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
41.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
42.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
MATCHING
43.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
44.ANS:FPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
45.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
46.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
47.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
48.ANS:EPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
49.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
50.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
51.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
52.ANS:FPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
53.ANS:EPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2
NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
54.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
55.ANS:CPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
56.ANS:BPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
57.ANS:DPTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
58.ANS:APTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-1
NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
SHORT ANSWER
59.ANS:
An organism is anything that possesses all the characteristics of life; a species is a group of similar organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
60.ANS:
Growth is an increase in the living matter of an organism, including the formation of new structures; development is the sum total of the changes that take place in an organism over the course of its life.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
61.ANS:
A stimulus is a condition in the environment that requires the organism to adjust to it; a response is the organism's reaction to a stimulus.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
62.ANS:
Students should state that all living things, whether plant or animal, are organized, make more living things, change during their lives, and adjust to their surroundings. At a minimum, the terms reproduction, growth and development, stimulus and response, and homeostasis should be used correctly in their explanations.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
63.ANS:
Answers will vary. Possible answers may include: for the pleasure of learning, finding treatments and cures for new diseases, discovering how organisms live in their environments so that their extinction may be prevented or their numbers may be controlled, or solving problems that may occur in the future.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-1NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
64.ANS:
Answers will vary. Possible answers will state that humans depend on living things for food, shelter, and clothing. Many living things depend on humans to provide habitats, protection, and food.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-1NAT:F3 | F4 | G1
65.ANS:
Answers may vary. The digestive system processes the food humans eat so that the body can obtain the energy it needs to live. Sweat glands and blood vessels near the skin cool the body when the external temperature increases, thus helping to regulate and maintain the proper internal temperature.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
66.ANS:
Reproduction is necessary if the species is to survive, thus continuing the role the species plays in a community or in an ecosystem. This, in turn, helps other organisms survive.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
67.ANS:
The clam is reacting to a stimuli-removal from water. The clam's behavior is an adaptation necessary to maintain homeostasis by preventing water loss.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
68.ANS:
1-reproduction, 2-organization, 3-growth/development, 4-adaptation
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-2NAT:C1 | C3 | C4
69.ANS:
about 81 g
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
70.ANS:
The rate of growth during the final stage slows down; after about 90 days, growth seems to level off.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
71.ANS:
about 40 g
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
72.ANS:
The height of the plant increases with the gain in mass.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
73.ANS:
The plant grows the most during the exponential period.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
74.ANS:
Answers may vary. The seed is taking in water and using stored food to prepare for growth(germination).
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
75.ANS:
The graph curves sharply upward and the mass increases from about 5 g to 60 g.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
76.ANS:
Answers may vary. The paramecia would respond more negatively to 10% salt solution than to 0.5% salt solution because it represents a greater change from their natural environment.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
77.ANS:
They seem to respond most positively to the piece of food because the entire population of paramecia moved toward the piece of food.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
78.ANS:
It acts as a baseline, or control, against which the other responses can be compared.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
79.ANS:
freshwater
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
80.ANS:
An independent variable is the factor in an experiment that is changed; a dependent variable is a condition that results from making that change.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
81.ANS:
Technology, the application of scientific research to society's needs and problems, has benefited humans in numerous ways. However, many technological solutions to problems cause additional problems. Students should give an example, such as deposits of mineral salts in soil as a result of irrigation.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-6NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
82.ANS:
Students should identify a problem that is not in the realm of science and explain that any problem not testable using scientific methods is not one that science can solve.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-6NAT:F3 | F5 | E1
83.ANS:
Answers will vary. Student discussions should include that quantitative research results in numerical data, while the descriptive research produces data using language to communicate findings.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
84.ANS:
The research is quantitative because the data obtained from the experiment are measured in numerical terms.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
85.ANS:
Answers will vary. A typical hypothesis will be that fish associate food with turning on the light. The experiment should have two groups, one of which is a control. All variables, except the one being tested, should be the same. The dependent and independent variables should be identified.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
86.ANS:
A law is a fact of nature that is recognized and accepted by scientists; a theory is an explanation of some occurrence or event that is supported by many experiments and observations over a long period of time.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-4NAT:C6 | F4 | F5
STA:P.3.4 | P.6.4
87.ANS:
Pure science is the search for new knowledge; applied science puts the findings of pure science to practical use.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
88.ANS:
Independent variable: temperature of the water; dependent variable: amount of sugar that dissolves.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
89.ANS:
Independent variable: number of coils of wire; dependent variable: number of paper clips lifted by the magnet.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
90.ANS:
Answers may vary. The hypothesis is framed around the idea that the dog's saliva prevents initial bacterial growth, so testing to see whether bacteria begin to grow in the presence of dog saliva might be a more accurate test of the hypothesis than testing to see if the saliva destroys or slows down the growth of bacterial colonies that are already established.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
91.ANS:
Answers may vary. The student might have measured the area of each dish that was covered by bacteria at various intervals and made a table or graph of the measurements over time.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
92.ANS:
The dishes were covered to avoid possible contamination by an outside source.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
93.ANS:
The untreated culture dish is the control in each case.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
94.ANS:
The dependent variable is the growth rate of the bacteria.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
95.ANS:
The presence of dog saliva is the independent variable.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
96.ANS:
Answers may vary. The dog's act of licking the wound reduces the rate of bacterial growth.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
97.ANS:
Step A illustrates the formulation of the question or problem; step B is the formulation of a hypothesis.
PTS:1DIF:BOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2
PROBLEM
98.ANS:
The mother gains weight much more rapidly than the developing fetus.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
99.ANS:
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
100.ANS:
The mother's gain is about five times as much as the total weight gain of the developing fetus.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
101.ANS:
Answers may vary. The developing fetus gains very little weight during the first 24 weeks of pregnancy; during the last 16 weeks, its weight triples.
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-5NAT:F4 | G1 | G2
STA:P.1.1
102.ANS:
PTS:1DIF:AOBJ:1-3NAT:G1 | G2