China S Rising Hydropower Demand Challenges Water Sector

Supplementary Information

for

China’s rising hydropower demand challenges water sector

Junguo Liu1,*, Dandan Zhao1, P.W. Gerbens-Leenes2, Dabo Guan3

1School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Haidian District, 100083, Beijing, China;

2Department of Water Engineering and Management，University of Twente,

P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands

3Water Security Research Centre, School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom

*Corresponding author. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to J.L. (E-mail: , , Tel.: +86-10-6233-6761, Fax: +86-10-6233-6761)

This Supplementary Information includes 78 pages, 1 figures and 8 tables are included.

1

Figure S1. Relationship between the hydroelectric product water footprint (PWFh) and (A) latitude and (B) installed hydroelectric capacity.

1

Table S1. Monthly and annual blue water footprints (WFs) of the 10 Chinese river basins including agricultural, industrial, domestic, and reservoir WFs.

Table S2. Contribution of reservoir WF to the total blue water WF (TBWF) of the 10 Chinese river basins.

Table S3 Monthly water scarcity in the ten Chinese river basins assessed based on WFs (including reservoir WF) and water availability

Table S4. Number of months per year when a basin faces a low, moderate, significant, or severe water scarcity, calculated including and excluding the reservoir water footprint (WF).

Table S5. Product water footprint (PWF) of the 209 selected hydroelectric power plants.

Table S6 Basic data, evaporation (E), and water footprint (WF) data for the 875 representative reservoirs in China. Basin numbers are shown in Figures 1 and S1.