ChemistryMultiple Choice
Standard VI. Objective 3
a1. Which of the following is true for neutral solutions?
A. [H+] = [OH-]
B. [H+] > [OH-]
C. [H+] < [OH-]
D. Kw = 1.0 x10-7
a2. Which term best describes a solution with a pH of 3?
A. Molar
B. Neutral
C. Basic
D. Acidic
a3. Which term best describes a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1.0 x10-12?
A. Acidic
B. Basic
C. Neutral
D. Molar
a4. Which term best describes a solution that readily accepts hydrogen ions?
A. Acidic
B. Basic
C. Neutral
D. Molar
a5. If the hydroxide concentration in a solution is 1.0 x10-7, what term best describes that solution?
A. Acidic
B. Basic
C. Neutral
D. Molar
a6. Finish this sentence to show the mathematic relationship between the numbers on the pH scale. As pH increases by one unit, the concentration of H+
A. decreases by a power of 1.
B. increases by a power of 1.
C. decreases by a power of 10.
D. increases by a power of 10.
a7. Which mathematic relationship correctly describes an acid?
A. the stronger the acid, the closer it is to a base.
B. the stronger the acid, the higher the pH number.
C. the stronger the acid, the closer it is to neutral.
D. the stronger the acid, the lower the pH number.
b8. Which of the following would be the best method to measure the precise pH of a solution?
A. Using concentration paper
B. Putting it in red cabbage juice
C. Measuring it volumetrically
D. Using titration
Use this information to answer the next two questions:
b9. Which inference is most likely based on the data?
A. A substance in the student’s breath caused the solution to become more acidic.
B. A substance in the student’s breath caused the solution to become more basic.
C. The solution is losing the basic substances to the air as it is bubbled.
D. The solution is gaining the basic substances from the air as it is bubbled?
b10. To change the solution back to blue, what should the student do?
A. add an acid
B. add a base
C. add more water
D. blow more bubbles.
c11. A student adds a known concentration of NaOH to an unknown concentration of HCl. An indicator shows the point at which the solution is neutral. What assumption is used in this process to determine the concentration of the acid?
A. The number of moles of base used will equal the number of moles of acid present.
B. The number of moles of the acid present is based on the volume of the solution.
C. The number of moles of the base present is based on the volume of the solution.
D. The volume of the acid and base will be equal at the equivalence point.
Use this graph of an acid/base
titration to answer the next
two questions.
c12. What does the line on the graph indicate?
A. the pH of the end point
B. the pH of the base
C. the pH of the acid
D. the pH of the solution
c13. To find the equivalence point, which indicator should be chosen?
A. Methyl yellow 2.9-4.0
B. Methyl red 4.4-6.2
C. Rosolic acid 6.8-8.0
D. Thymol blue 8.0-9.6
d14. A homeowner buys a hot tub which comes with a package of chemicals and detailed instructions, including how to read a pH scale. The homeowner is not a scientist. What should she do to take care of her tub?
A. hire a scientist to manage the chemicals
B. read the directions carefully and follow them.
C. ask the hot tub company to make the tubs easier to use.
D. get a chemistry book and discover the mathematical significance of pH.
d15. Mixing household cleaners like calcium deposit removers (acids) and general cleaners (bases) is not recommended because toxic gases can be released. What is another reason?
A. the colligative properties of each substance will make the solution ineffective.
B. the acid and the base may neutralize each other making the solution useless.
C. the area being cleaned has only one kind of dirt, soluble in only one cleaner.
D. the solution that forms will stick to the area and it will be dirtier than before.
d16. High mountain lakes in Utah are sometimes treated with a basic lime solution to balance the damage done by acid rain. Why would this be done?
A. the lakes are acidic and the base neutralizes them, increasing the number of fish.
B. the lakes are acidic and the base decreases the pH, increasing the plant life.
C. the lakes are too cold for living things and the lime raises the evaporative rate.
D. the lakes have too many living things and the lime solution reduces the numbers.
e17. Acids are widely used in industrial settings and often are found in water and soils near factories. Before a factory can be fined for polluting water or soil, what must scientists do?
A. document that the chemicals are harming people near the factory.
B. show a reason for the factory to be polluting that area.
C. discover how the chemical processes at the factory produced the chemicals.
D. find evidence that the pollution is linked to that particular factory.
e18. Sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with water in the air. How do these pollutants damage the environment?
A. the acid rain they form falls to Earth and damages plants and lakes.
B. they interfere with the formation of rain clouds, creating drought.
C. they form layers in the air that sunlight cannot penetrate.
D. they created the ozone hole which is allowing UV light to reach Earth.
e19. An experiment with radish plants showed that adding a weak acidic solution to the soil damaged the plants but a weak basic solution increases their growth. Some lakes have been damaged by excessive growth of algae and other plants. What pollutant is most likely to be responsible?
A. foods
B. vinegar
C. soaps
D. litter
Key
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. D
9. A
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. B
15. B
16. A
17. D
18. A
19. C