Name ______Date ______Period ______
CHAPTER 9, THE GLORY OF ANCIENT ROME
SECTION 2-CHRISTIANITY AND THE ROMAN EMPIRE
- The Rise of Christianity
- Jesus founded ______.
- The empire included many lands with different ______, customs, and ______; the ______were tolerant of these people and let them have their own ______.
- Unrest in Judaea
- The Romans conquered the Jewish homeland of ______in 63 B.C.
- At first they respected the ______rights to worship their god, but many Jews resented ______rule.
- Some believed that a ______, or ______would come to bring justice and ______to the land.
- In 37 B.C., the ______senate appointed a new ruler of Judaea named ______.
- After Jesus’ death, His ______, or ______told stories about His life and teachings.
- Four stories of Jesus’ life were written from oral traditions by 4 ______, 1) ______
2) ______3) ______and 4) ______.
These writings are called ______, or ______.
- Christian Beliefs
- Jesus began teaching when He was ____ years old, as He traveled from place to place.
- Like all Jewish teachers, He taught that there was only one true ______.
- These teachings became known as ______, which taught that God was ______and forgiving.
- He said that people must love God with all their ______, and that all people had a responsibility to love their ______as they love themselves.
- Jesus promised that people who followed His teachings would have ______.
- His followers believed that He was their ______.
- Fears About Christianity
- Jesus’ teachings alarmed many people; some complained to the ______that Jesus was teaching that God was ______.
- The Romans feared that that Jesus would lead an ______revolt against the ______; so the Roman ______condemned Jesus to ______.
- Jesus was ______, or ______.
- According to the Gospels, Jesus rose from ______and ______to his disciples, telling them to spread His ______.
- Christianity Spreads
- The Greek equivalent for messiah was ______.
- Since many people of Jesus’ time spoke ______, He became known as ______.
- After His death, Jesus’ followers, called ______, spread the new religion from ______across the empire and finally to ______itself.
- The Letters of Paul
- Saul, one of Jesus’ most devoted followers had a vision that Jesus spoke to him, so he changed his name to ______, whom carried Christianity to cities around the ______spreading Jesus’ teachings.
- Paul’s ______helped turn the Christian faith into an organized ______.
- Paul wrote many ______, or ______, to Christian groups in distant cities; some epistles later became part of the ______.
- Christianity Moves to the Cities
- Others also helped spread ______beliefs throughout the Roman Empire gaining many followers; ______city dwellers welcomed the message of Christianity as ______.
- These early Christians used the word ______for anyone who did not share their beliefs.
- Ways of Worship
- They ______and sang, read from ______or from one of ______letters, someone ______the readings.
- Christians set aside ______, the day they believed Jesus had ______, as their day of worship.
- Jesus instructed Christians to practice 2 rites, or ______
- ______, a believer is dipped in water to wash away their sin
- ______, sharing bread and wine in a sacred meal called the Eucharist.
- Rome Reacts
- The fast growing religion alarmed the ______.
- Christians refused to worship the Roman ______and did not show the ______the respect that was required.
- Some cities even turned away from their responsibilities, such as working in the ______.
- Many Roman officials began to view Christians as ______of the state.
- Rome Burns
- Under the emperor ______, the first official campaign against the Christians began.
- One night a fire started in some shops in ______; the fires spread and burned for ______days.
- ______blamed the ______and ordered their ______, who were sent to death.
- Some were forced to fight ______, others were soaked with ______and ______, others were ______, and ______was imprisoned for ___ years and then killed.
- Treatment of Christians
- The ______persecuted Christians at various times for another ______years.
- Persecute: ______
- During the years, the Roman Empire began to ______power, so to explain the decline, the Romans looked for ______to blame, and they found them among the ______of the new religion, ______.
- In the Roman world it became a ______to be a Christian; the punishment was ______.
- The Appeal of Christianity
- Despite the ______of its followers, Christianity continued to ______throughout the Roman Empire.
- The help that Christian communities gave to widows, ______, and the poor drew people to the new religion.
- Its messages of ______and ______, and a better life after death appealed to many.
- The figure of ______also attracted followers
- He was not a ______from myth.
- He was a ______who lived among the people.
- The writings of the ______helped spread his teachings.
- The Gospels were written in an easy way for people to understand and in a language they used.
- ______outlawed Christian services, imprisoned Christian ______, and put many believers to death, but it only accomplished the ______of what Diocletian wanted.
- Many Romans ______the Christians and saw them as ______and heroes.
- Martyrs: ______
- By A.D. 300, about ______Romans had accepted the Christian faith.