Name: ______Date: ______
Chapter 9 Study Guide—Roman Civilization
Section 9-1
Definitions / Prediction / Answer1. / arena that could hold 60.000 people
2. / open space for a marketplace in the middle of Rome
3. / temple built to honor Rome’s gods
4. / public speaking
5. / people who fought animals and other people as public amusement
6. / the study of body structure
7. / a curved ceiling made by building arches against one another
8. / a poem that expresses strong emotions about life
9. How did Roman statues differ from Greek statues? (p. 303)
10. What types of poetry did Horace write? (p. 304)
11. What did Galen emphasize the importance of? (p. 304-305)
12. What important scientist of the Roman Empire studied the stars and planets? (p. 305)
13. By 100 B.C. what percent of Italy’s people were enslaved? (p. 309)
14. How did Romans honor their gods and goddesses? (p. 309)
Section 9-2
Definitions / Prediction / Answer15. / became the basis of many modern European languages
16. / began in the Roman Empire
17. / emperors who stayed in power by paying the army well
18. / rapidly increasing prices caused by a decline in the value of money
19. / Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Franks, Vandals, Angles, Saxons
20. / fell in A.D. 476 to a Germanic general named Odoacer
21. / a political change to make things better
22. / the exchange of goods without using money
23. / moved the capital from Rome to a city renamed for him
24. / a disease that spreads quickly and kills many
25. / a Germanic tribe that rebelled against Rome in A.D. 378
26. What happened when the last Severan emperor died? (p. 318)
27. What happened when Roman coins lost value in the A.D. 200’s? (p. 319)
28. What emperor introduced reforms when he took power in A.D. 284?
29. Theodosius decided to do what after his death? (p. 322)
30. What happened after the Battle of Adrianople? (p. 323)
31. When do historians date the fall of Rome? (p. 324)
32. Who was the Germanic general that overthrew Romulus Augustulus to take control of the western empire? (p. 324)
33. Who was the Visigoth leader that captured the city of Rome and killed Odoacer? (p. 324)
Section 9-3
Definitions / Prediction / Answer34. / a strong emperor of the Byzantine Empire
35. / church built to be the religious center of the Byzantine Empire; one of the greatest Byzantine achievements
36. / included Greeks, Egyptians, Syrians, Arabs, Jews, Slavs, and others
37. / a very influential legal code of the Byzantine Empire
38. / pictures made from small pieces of colored glass or stone
39. / thrived and became the Byzantine Empire
40. / a person who stands in for a young or sick ruler
41. / ruled the Byzantine Empire with her husband
42. / a Christian holy person
43. What group of people was the largest in the Byzantine Empire? (p. 328)
44. What city became the capital of the Byzantine Empire by A.D. 500? (p. 328)
45. What happened to the Byzantine Empire as time passed? (p. 329)
46. What was the main goal of Justinian? (p. 330)
47. What did Justinian order to be reformed? (p. 330)
48. What was a major accomplishment of Empress Theodora? (p. 330)
49. During what time period was the Byzantine Empire a crossroads for trade? (p. 332)
50. How long did the Byzantine Empire last? (p. 332)
51. What became one of the major Byzantine industries during the A.D. 500’s? (pp. 332-333)
Chapter 9 “I Cans…”
Section 9-1: I can discuss the cultural achievements of the Romans and describe the daily lives of people in Rome.
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Section 9-2: I can explain why the Roman Empire fell and summarize its legacy in law, government, language, and the arts.
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Section 9-3: I can describe the rise and cultural accomplishments of the Byzantine Empire.
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