Practice Questions – Study GuideName:______

Cell Reproduction

Part I. Meiosis vs. Mitosis. For each statement below, identify whether it refers to mitosis or meiosis. Write “MI” for mitosis and “ME” for Meiosis

  1. Occurs in body cells, such as skin or bones. ______
  1. Occurs in sex cells. _____
  1. Makes eggs or sperm. ______
  1. Makes haploid cells. ______
  1. Makes diploid cells. ______
  1. Produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent. ______
  1. Produces cells that are genetically different from the parent. ______
  1. Produces 2 cells. ______
  1. Produces up to 4 cells. ______

Part II. Asexual vs. Sexual reproduction. Identify whether each statement below refers to sexual or asexual reproduction. Write an “A” for asexual or an “S” for sexual

  1. Involves 2 parents. ______
  1. Produces offspring that are identical to the parent. ______
  1. Produces offspring that are different from the parent. ______
  1. Examples include processes such as binary fission (dividing) in bacteria, or budding in yeast or hydra. ______
  1. Involves the union of sex cells – eggs and sperm. ______
  1. Involves only 1 parent. ______
  1. Identify the phases of mitosis:

  1. ______B. ______C. ______D. ______
  1. Place the parts of the cell cycle in the appropriate blanks below:

Word bank:

M(mitosis) Phase, S phase, G1, G2, Interphase, Cytokinesis

A. ______

B. ______

C. ______

D. ______

E. ______

F. ______

Part III. Meiosis questions.

  1. What type of chromosomes are lined up in the middle of the cell during metaphase of meiosis I (hint: remember they are in pairs)?
  1. What is the total number of chromosomes in each of two resulting cells from Meiosis I if the parent cell has a diploid number of 12 to start?
  2. Explain what it means when chromosomes cross over. Remember the crossing over occurs during prophase I of Meiosis?
  1. How does crossing over contribute togenetic variability?
  1. What is being pulled apart in anaphase of meiosis II (hint: it’s not the homologous pairs, but something else just like what gets separated in mitosis)?
  1. How many cells result from meiosis compared to mitosis?

Meiosis questions continued

Use this diagram to answer Questions 22–24.

24.What does the diagram show?

25.During what phase of meiosis does this process occur?

26. What is the result of this process?

Comparing Meiosis and Mitosis

27.Complete the table to compare meiosis and mitosis.

Mitosis / Meiosis
Form of reproduction (choose from sexual or asexual)
Number of daughter cells (choose from 2 or 4)
Change in chromosome number
(choose from cuts in half or stays the same)
Number of cell divisions (choose from 1 or 2)
Difference in alleles between parent cell and daughter cells (choose from genetically identical to genetically different)

28. Examine the mitosis and meiosis diagrams shown below.

Identify at least three differences between mitosis and meiosis:

  1. ______b. ______c. ______

For Questions 29–34, complete each statement by writing the correct word or words. Use the word bank below:

Remember mitosis does not change the chromosome number, and meiosis cuts the chromosome number in half.

Two (used twice)Sixteen (used twice)FourEight

HaploidEvenTen

29.A diploid cell that enters mitosis with 16 chromosomes will divide to produce daughter cells. Each of these daughter cells will have chromosomes.

30.If the diploid number of chromosomes for an organism is 16, each daughter cell after mitosis will contain chromosomes.

31.A diploid cell that enters meiosis with 16 chromosomes will pass through cell divisions, producing daughter cells, each with chromosomes.

32.Gametes have a number of chromosomes.

33.If an organism’s haploid number is 5, its diploid number is .

34.While a haploid number of chromosomes may be even or odd, a diploid number is always .