Nutrition & You, 4e (Blake)
Chapter 8 Minerals and Water
1) Which of the following statements is correct?
A) Water acts as a solvent within the body.
B) Water is a main component of the blood.
C) Water is used to regulate body temperature.
D) All of these statements are correct.
2) The condition known as hyponatremia is
A) a severe form of dehydration.
B) a problem resulting from eating too much food during a race.
C) the presence of too little sodium in the blood due to overconsumption of fluids.
D) the presence of too much potassium in the blood due to overconsumption of fluids.
3) Which of the following substances is a major mineral?
A) fluoride
B) potassium
C) iron
D) zinc
4) The body of an average healthy adult is approximately ______percent water.
A) 40-50
B) 50-60
C) 60-70
D) 70-80
7) Which of the following minerals may play a role in lowering high blood pressure?
A) calcium
B) magnesium
C) potassium
D) All of the answers are correct.
11) Which of the following pairs of minerals combines to form hydroxyapatite?
A) phosphorus and calcium
B) zinc and iron
C) potassium and calcium
D) sulfur and magnesium
14) The two major electrolytes in the blood and outside of cells are
A) sulfur and magnesium.
B) zinc and iron.
C) sodium and chloride.
D) potassium and magnesium.
18) About two-thirds of the ______in the body is found in hemoglobin.
A) molybdenum
B) zinc
C) iron
D) chromium
22) Which of the following statements does not correctly describe a function of zinc?
A) It may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration.
B) It helps in wound healing.
C) It lowers blood pressure.
D) It is important for properly functioning taste buds.
24) Which of the following minerals, when added to water supplies, is responsible for lowering the rate of dental caries in the United States?
A) selenium
B) iodine
C) fluoride
D) calcium
25) Which of the following mineral's main role is to increase the effectiveness of insulin in cells?
A) iodine
B) chromium
C) fluoride
D) zinc
26) A goiter is a deficiency of which of the following substances?
A) iodine
B) chromium
C) phosphorus
D) manganese
33) Which of the following elements is a major electrolyte?
A) iron
B) selenium
C) chromium
D) sodium
34) Which of the following elements is a major mineral of bone?
A) selenium
B) calcium
C) sodium
D) iron
35) Which of the following elements is a major component of hemoglobin?
A) selenium
B) calcium
C) sodium
D) iron
37) Which of the following conditions is a genetic disorder in which individuals absorb too much dietary iron?
A) hypokalemia
B) hemochromatosis
C) cretinism
D) hypertension
38) Which of the following conditions is defined as too little sodium in the blood?
A) hypertension
B) hypokalemia
C) hemochromatosis
D) hyponatremia
39) Which of the following conditions is defined as too much calcium in the blood?
A) hypercalcemia
B) hyponatremia
C) hemochromatosis
D) hypokalemia
40) Which of the following conditions is commonly known as high blood pressure?
A) hypokalemia
B) hyponatremia
C) hypertension
D) hemochromatosis
42) Sulfur, phosphorus, and magnesium are all considered major minerals.
43) The majority of the sodium in the typical American diet comes from processed foods.
45) Fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of potassium.
46) Over time, a low-calcium diet may increase your risk of osteoporosis.
57) Smokers absorb less calcium than nonsmokers.
58) Eating meat with vegetables increases the absorption of nonheme iron present in the vegetables.
63) Selenium is a component of selenoproteins, which can function as antioxidants.
70) Although the majority of water intake is through food and beverages, a small amount of water is also generated during metabolism.
71) The movement of water across the cell membrane is called osmosis.
72) The hormone that directs the kidneys to reduce water loss from the body by reducing urine output is antidiuretic hormone hormone.
74) The overconsumption of fluids can cause hyponatremia, which can be fatal.
75) Dehydration can result if too much water and sodium have been lost from the body.
77) The bottling and sale of naturally obtained spring water is under the regulation of the FDA.
80) One advantage of consuming tap water is that it often contains fluoride.
Answer: TRUE
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