Chapter 7: Military Empires

Review for Test

Vocabulary to Know!

·  Empires – territories governed by a single ruler or nation

·  Litter – a carriage without wheels, carried by servants

·  Smelting – the process of heating iron ore and hammering out its impurities, developed by the Hittites

·  Provinces – political districts

·  Caravans – groups of traveling merchants

·  Astronomers – people who collect, study, and explain facts about the heavenly bodies

People/gods to know!

·  Ashurbanipal – Assyrian king; he started one of the world’s first libraries

·  Nebuchadnezzar – Chaldean king, built beautiful streets and the Hanging Gardens

·  King Darius – Persian King who built a grand palace-fortress in Persepolis

·  Zoroaster – a Persian religious leader, told the people about two gods

·  Ahura Mazda – a Persian god represented all that was good

·  Marduk – a Chaldean god believed to bring peace and good crops

EMPIRE HIGHLIGHTS TO KNOW

The Assyrians:

·  First of the empires to make iron/steel weapons through the process of smelting

·  Ashurbanipal – Assyrian king; he started one of the world’s first libraries

The Chaldeans:

·  they called themselves Babylonians

·  Babylon had beautiful Hanging Gardens made for Nebuchadnezzar’s wife

·  Babylon was encircled by a huge wall and the entrance was the Ishtar Gate

·  Babylonian Astronomers mapped the planets and phases of the moon

·  Marduk – a Chaldean god believed to bring peace and good crops

The Persian Empire:

·  The Persians were originally part of the group known as the Aryans

·  Immortals – they were the best group of fighters in the Persian Army

·  Persepolis: it became the most magnificent city in the empire

·  “Eyes and Ears of the King” – official inspectors who checked on taxes and possible rebellions-Persians refused to become traders but encouraged trade among the people they conquered

·  Spread the use of coins as money; this idea that came from the area of Lydia

·  King Darius – Persian King who built a grand palace-fortress in Persepolis

·  Zoroaster – a Persian religious leader, told the people about two gods: religion was called Zoroasterianism

·  Ahura Mazda – a Persian god represented all that was good

·  Of the three empires, the Persian Empire was the largest