Chapter 6: Anatomy and Physiology of the Respiratory System
1. The vertebral column is comprised of how many cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae, respectively?
A) 5 cervical, 10 thoracic, and 7 lumbar
B) 5 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 7 lumbar
C) 7 cervical, 10 thoracic, and 5 lumbar
D) 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar
2. Which of the following types of vertebrae are relatively large in size?
A) Cervical
B) Lumbar
C) Thoracic
D) Sacral
3. The human body contains how many pairs of floating ribs?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 8
4. The main stem bronchi pierce the lung tissue at which of the following locations?
A) Alveoli pulmonis
B) Carina
C) Hilum
D) Suprasternal notch
5. Which of the following muscles is utilized for inspiration?
A) Subclavius
B) Quadratus lumborum
C) Rectus abdominis
D) Transversus thoracic
6. Which of the following muscles is utilized for expiration?
A) Pectoralis minor
B) Scalenus anterior
C) Levator costarum brevis
D) Transversus abdominis
7. Which of the following muscles has an insertion on the 2nd rib?
A) Scalenus anterior
B) Scalenus medius
C) Scalenus posterior
D) None of the above
8. Boyle's law is most accurately described by which of the following statements?
A) If you increase the volume of a chamber, the pressure will also increase
B) If you increase the volume of a chamber, the pressure will decrease
C) If you decrease the volume of a chamber, the pressure will also decrease
D) Air flows from low to high pressure
9. In order to maintain pleural linkage, the intrapleural pressure must be which of the following?
A) Equal
B) Positive
C) Negative
D) Nonexistent
10. During vocal activity, the approximate time ratio between inspiration and expiration changes to which of the following?
A) 10% inspiration and 90% expiration
B) 20% inspiration and 80% expiration
C) 40% inspiration and 60% expiration
D) 50% inspiration and 50% expiration
11. The pectoral girdle is comprised of the clavicle, scapula, and the ilium.
A) True
B) False
12. In all, 23 spinal nerves are involved in the motor innervation of the muscles of respiration.
A) True
B) False
13. The sternocleidomastoid is a muscle of expiration.
A) True
B) False
14. The atmospheric air that humans breathe is composed of about 60% oxygen.
A) True
B) False
15. In terms of respiration, the functional residual capacity is equal to the expiratory reserve volume and the residual volume.
A) True
B) False
16. The second cervical vertebra is commonly known as ______.
17. A depression that runs along the length of the rib shaft is called the ______.
18. The ______or true ribs have direct articulation with the vertebral column and the sternum.
19. The superior section of the sternum is known as the ______.
20. The ______is a crater-like depression in the scapula, in which the head of the humerus rests.
21. The relatively large section of connective tissue at the center of the diaphragm is called the ______.
22. The diaphragm is innervated by the ______, which arises from the third through the fifth cervical spinal nerves.
23. If the pulmonary and atmospheric pressures are equivalent, the lungs can be said to be at ______volume.
24. A ______is an instrument used to measure respiratory lung capacity.
25. The pressure within the potential space between the costal and visceral pleurae is known as the ______pressure.
Answer Key
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. A
13. B
14. B
15. A
16. axis
17. costal groove
18. vertebrosternal
19. manubrium
20. glenoid fossa
21. central tendon
22. phrenic nerve
23. resting
24. spirometer
25. intrapleural