Chapter 46 Skeletal, Muscular, and Integumentary Systems

Section 1 The Human Body Plan

  1. When does the human body begin to take shape?
  2. What is a tissue?
  3. List the four main types of tissues the human body has.
  4. What is muscle tissue composed of?
  5. Name the three types of muscle tissue.
  6. What does skeletal muscle moves?
  7. What does smooth muscle handle?
  8. Where is cardiac muscle found and what does it do?
  9. What does nervous tissue contains?
  10. What are these cells called?
  11. What does nervous tissue make up?
  12. What does nervous tissue provide?
  13. What does epithelial tissue consist of?
  14. What is each epithelial layer made of?
  15. What is the most easily observed epithelial tissue and what does it consist of?
  16. What does connective tissue do?
  17. List six types of connective tissue.
  18. What does an organ consist of?
  19. Give four examples of organs.
  20. What is an organ system?
  21. Give four examples of organ systems.
  22. If each organ system has organs associated with it according to the organ’s primary function, why are the boundaries not always well defined?
  1. Where are many organs and organ systems in the human body housed and what is the functions of them?
  2. List the four main body cavities in the human body along with their functions.

Section 2 Skeletal System

  1. How many bones does the adult human body consist of?
  2. What is an endoskeleton? Contrast it to an exoskeleton.
  3. List the structures in the axial skeleton.
  4. List the structures in the appendicular skeleton.
  5. List several functions of bones.
  6. How much of the body’s mass is bones?
  7. Describe the structure of a bone.
  8. Where is red bone marrow found and what is its function?
  9. Where is yellow bone marrow found and what is its function?
  10. What do most bones develop from?
  11. What is ossification?
  12. Where can cartilage be found?
  13. Describe the process of bone elongation.
  14. What is a joint?
  15. List and describe the three main kinds of joints found in the human body.
  16. Give and example of each type of joint found in the human body.
  17. What are ligaments and where can they be found?

Section 3 Muscular System

  1. Describe a muscle tissue.
  2. List the three types of muscles.
  3. Describe skeletal muscles.
  4. Describe smooth muscles.
  5. Describe cardiac muscles.
  6. What is a muscle fiber made of?
  7. Describe the structure of a typical muscle.
  8. Describe the process of muscle contraction.
  9. Is ATP required in muscle contraction? If so, why?
  10. Describe what the phrase “all-or-none response” of muscle contraction means.
  11. Generally, ______muscles are attached to one end of a ______, ______across a ______, and are fastened to the end of another ______.
  12. What is a tendon?
  13. What is the point where the muscle attaches to the stationary bone called?
  14. What is the point where the muscle attaches to the moving bone called?
  15. How are most skeletal muscles arranged?
  16. How do muscles move bones?
  17. What is the difference between an extensor and a flexor?
  18. What do muscle cells store and what is it used for?
  19. What is muscle fatigue?
  20. What is oxygen dept?

Section 4 Integumentary System

  1. What does the integumentary system consist of?
  2. What is the function of the integumentary system?
  3. What is one of the body’s largest organs?
  4. Name the two layers the skin is composed of.
  5. Describe the epidermis.
  6. What gives the skin its rough, leathery texture and its waterproof quality?
  7. What gives skin its color and what is its function?
  8. Describe the dermis.
  9. What makes it possible for you to sense many kinds of conditions and signals from the environment?
  10. List and briefly describe four other structures that can be found in the dermis layer.
  11. What is the function of nails?
  12. What does changes in shape, structure, and appearance of the nails indicate?
  13. What is the function of hair?
  14. What gives hair its color?
  15. What kind of glands does the skin contain and what is their function?
  16. How does the skin function as an excretory organ?
  17. Describe how skin helps the body maintain homeostasis in regards to temperature.
  18. What is sebum and what is its function?
  19. How is sebum levels controlled and what is the affect of excess sebum on the skin?