Chapter 23 – World War I Review Sheet

Terms

Militarism – the aggressive strengthening of armed forces

Nationalism – a strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s nation or culture that inspires people who share the same language or culture to unite politically

Isolationism – policy of not interacting or interfering with other countries

Stalemate – a situation in which neither side can win a decisive victory

Central Powers – Austria-Hungary and Germany, later joined by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire

Allied Powers – Serbia, France, Russia, and Britain; later joined by Italy and the US

Trench warfare – defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches

Lusitania – British passenger liner that was sunk by a German U-Boat. This increased anti-German feelings in the US

Zimmerman Note – A secret German telegram to Mexico to try to have Mexico attack the US to keep the US out of WWI. This would have brought Mexico and Germany into an alliance. The US decoded the telegram and decided to enter WWI because of this attempted alliance.

Liberty bonds – war bonds – loans issued to the government by the people to raise money for the war effort

National War Labor Board – Unions helped workers and management avoid strikes and reach agreements to establish a minimum wages, limit work hours and require fair pay for women

Bolsheviks – communist group who led a revolution in Russia which required the Russians to stop fighting in World War I

Results of World War I – a. deaths of millions of people b. Europe’s factories and farms in ruins c. flu epidemic

Fourteen Points – President Wilson’s plan to end WWI – called for an end to secret alliances, military cutbacks and free shipping. Placed NO blame for the war

Treaty of Versailles – created at the Paris Peace Conference by the US, Great Britain, France, and Italy. This treaty officially ended WWI; called for Germany to accept all of the blame for the war and to pay back countries for starting the war, military cutbacks, and free shipping

Influenza – 1918 flu epidemic killed 30 million people – 800,000 Americans

Epidemic – large number of people got the flu at the same time

People

Archduke Francis Ferdinand – heir to the throne of Austria – Hungary who was assassinated in Sarajevo (Serbia). His assassination was the “spark” that started WWI.

General John J. Pershing – led the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in Europe

Woodrow Wilson – President of the US during WWI