Name: ______Date: ______
Chapter 23 and 24: World War II
Study Guide
1. Dissatisfied with the terms of the treaty of Versailles, ______became Italy’s leader.
2. He believed in and extreme form of nationalism called ______, which is a system of government that stresses the importance of the state over the individual.
3. He established a ______where one leader holds all the power and allows no opposition.
4. In Germany, ______led the National Socialist Party who believed Germans were racially superior and blamed Jews for Germany’s problems.
5. When the Nazis singled out Jews, it had to do with ______, which means hostility toward Jews.
6. While in prison he wrote a book called ______in which he outlined his major political ideas.
7. In the USSR, ______was the successor to V.I. Lenin and used violence to stomp out any opposition.
8. When the ______criticized the Imperialist Japanese military for invading and sizing Manchuria, the Japanese simply withdrew from the organization.
9. In 1940, Japan formed a military alliance with Germany and Italy that became known as the ______.
10. At the Munich Conference British Prime Minister ______agreed to a policy of ______ by allowing Hitler to annex Austria and the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia.
11. He was later replaced by ______who condemned the policy of appeasement and led Great Britain throughout the war.
12. In August of 1939 Hitler and Stalin signed a ______pact in which they secretly agreed to split Eastern Europe.
13. World War II began when Germany invaded Poland using a tactic they called ______, or “lightning war” – massive air and land attacks that moved quickly.
14. Bypassing France’s Maginot Line, Hitler conquered Norway, Denmark, and Belgium to occupy much of France. The rest of France, known as ______throughout the war, surrendered and was governed by French officials who cooperated with Hitler.
15. The British were able to use radar fight off the ______, the German air force, during the bombing raids known as the Battle of Britain.
16. In 1937, Japan joined the Axis Powers and Minister of War ______took control of Japan.
17. FDR attempted to stay neutral with pressure from ______who do not believe in any use of military force for any reason and ______who believed in a policy of isolationism.
18. In 1935, congress passed the ______that outlawed the sale of arms to foreign countries at war.
19. In 1941, FDR secretly met with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to sign the ______that stated their goals of opposing Hitler and the Axis Powers.
20. After Japan bombed ______FDR asked Congress for a declaration of war.
21. Women were also mobilized for the war in both in the military, and in the nation’s factories where ______became the symbol for the working woman during WWII.
22. The ______led by J. Robert Oppenheimer was a top-secret program to build an atomic bomb that could create an enormous explosion using the energy by the splitting of atoms.
23. Because the availability of cheap electricity provided by the TVA,______in East Tennessee was chosen as a site to work on the atomic bomb project.
24. Operating at night in groups called ______German U-boats controlled the Atlantic ocean until the Allies learned how to decode German military messages.
25. In spite of the Nonaggression Pact, Hitler invaded ______making them an Allie with the US and Great Britain.
26. The US invasion of Axis controlled territory, code named Operation Torch began in North Africa under the leadership of ______.
27. There US troops faced the German general ______who commanded Nazi forces in North Africa.
28. To drive the Nazi’s out of France, the Allies organized Operation Overlord, the secret Allied invasion of mainland Europe, also called ______on June 6, 1944.
29. As Allied troops pushed toward Germany, Nazi troops pushed through American lines in the ______that lasted over a month.
30. The Nazi’s called their plan for widespread murder of Jews The ______.
31. Hitler rounded up millions of Jews in concentration camps and murdered about six million Jews and five million others in what came to be known as the ______.
32. General ______was forced to abandon his soldiers in the Philippines where Japanese soldiers led them on the five-day Baatan Death March.
33. U.S. victory against Japan at the ______greatly reduced Japanese naval power.
34. During the Battle of Leyte Gulf in the Philippines, Japanese pilots used ______attacks in which their pilots crashed their bomb-filled planes into ships.
35. Fearing that Japanese Americans posed a security threat at home, FDR to sign Executive order 9066 forcing 110,000 Japanese-Americans into ______.
36. When the defeat of the Nazis in Europe seemed imminent, FDR met Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill at the ______where they made plans to end the war.
37. When the Nazis finally surrendered, ______was declared on May 8, 1945.
38. When FDR died, Vice President ______decided to use the atomic bomb against Japan.
39. After an atomic bomb was dropped on the city of ______and another on Nagasaki, the Japanese surrendered
Short Answer: Supply at least three historical facts that answer the following questions. Include all or most of the bold face terms in your answer.
1. How did the aftermath of World War I contribute to political problems in Europe? (inflation, Treaty of Versailles, Weimar Republic, Failure of the League of Nations)
2. How did the problems facing Europe after World War I lead to World War II? (Totalitarian Dictators Benito Mussolini, fascism, Nazis, Adolf Hitler, Francisco Franco, Joseph Stalin)
3. How did the rest of the world respond to the use of military force by totalitarian regimes? (Manchuria, Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, Rhineland, Anschluss, Sudetenland, Munich Conference)
4. How did Roosevelt balance American isolationism with the need to intervene in the War? ( pacifists, Neutrality Act, Quarantine speech Cash-and Carry, Lend-Lease)
5. What were the effects of mobilization for World War II on the American Economy? (Rosie the Riveter, Manhattan Project, rationing, victory gardens, )
6. What was the effect of World War II for Women and Minorities? (,Rosie the Riveter, A. Philip Randolph, rationing, internment, WACS, WAVES)
7. What events in 1942 finally turned the course of the war against the Axis Powers? (Wolf-Packs, Battle of the Atlantic, Erwin Rommel, Stalingrad, Operation Torch, Dwight D. Eisenhower)
8. What were the events that surrounded the D-Day invasion of France, and what was its significance? (Operation overlord, Omar Bradley, D-Day, Battle of the Bulge)
9. What was Hitler’s final solution and how did he implement it? (anti-Semitism, Kristallnacht, concentration camps, ghettos, genocide, Holocaust)
10. How did the Allies defeat Japan and win the War in the Pacific?(island hopping, Battle of Coral Sea, Battle of Midway, Guadalcanal, code talkers, Iwo Jima, Kamikaze, Atomic Bomb, V-J Day)
11. What were the issues surrounding Eisenhower’s decision not to push to Berlin?(Yalta conference, occupy, Joseph Stalin, V-E Day )
12. What was the effect of the Manhattan Project?(Potsdam, Enola Gay, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Nuclear proliferation)