Chapter 15 Where Will We Find Personality?
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Which of the following is NOT expected to significantly influence the way personality psychologists think about issues in the 21st century?
A) A decrease in the population of the planet
B) More accurate control of environmental contingencies
C) A better understanding of brain biochemistry
D) A better understanding of the human genetic code
Answer: A
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
2) Which of the following drugs was considered beneficial during Freud’s era (and was taken by Freud himself), before its powerfully addictive nature was recognized?
A) LSD
B) Snuff
C) Peyote
D) Marijuana
E) Cocaine
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
3) Which well-known psychology professor at Harvard used, and advocated the use, of LSD during the 1960s?
A) Timothy Leary
B) Jane Loevinger
C) Henry Murray
D) Cary Grant
E) Albert Bandura
Answer: A
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
4) Of the perspectives described in the textbook, which does the book claim is the best?
A) The existentialist
B) The trait-based
C) The behaviorist
D) The psychoanalytic
E) None is “best”; instead, each makes important contributions and has its own faults.
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
5) Prozac blocks the reabsorption of ______and, thereby, affects mood.
A) serotonin
B) dopamine
C) oxygen
D) norepinephrine
Answer: A
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
6) The drug Prozac (fluoxetine) was tested and originally approved for treating
A) schizophrenia.
B) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
C) depression.
D) antisocial personality disorder.
E) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Answer: C
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
7) The fact that altering brain chemistry can change behavior supports the following approach(es)
A) Cartesian dualism.
B) existential/humanistic.
C) behaviorist.
D) interactionist.
E) none of these.
Answer: E
Diff: Difficult
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Evaluation
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
8) Which of the following reflects a Skinnerian approach?
A) Focus groups for individuals suffering from life-threatening illnesses
B) Bonus pay as a reward for high volume sales
C) Companies providing quiet rooms for self-reflection during the workday
D) The use of psychoactive drugs to change how people feel
Answer: B
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Application
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
9) Cartesian dualism describes the idea (from Descartes) that
A) the mind and body are one integrated unit.
B) individuals that have a propensity for violence can never be rehabilitated.
C) the mind and body are separate entities.
D) the mind “dies” before the body does.
Answer: C
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
10) How many basic perspectives on personality SHOULD there be?
A) Five
B) One
C) Eight
D) Ten
E) There is no correct number.
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
11) People’s deliberate use of psychoactive substances to influence behavior dates from the
A) beginning of the 20th century, when recognition of the effects of alcohol led to the era of Prohibition.
B) middle of the 20th century, when chemical substances could first be synthesized from petroleum.
C) beginnings of humankind.
D) ancient Greeks, who became skilled at making wine.
E) late 20th century, when advances in biotechnology allowed the creation of drugs specifically designed to affect neurotransmitter systems.
Answer: C
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
12) All of the following are among the approaches to assessing personality discussed in this book EXCEPT
A) existential.
B) humanistic.
C) biological.
D) philological.
E) neoanalytic.
Answer: D
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
13) LSD is a drug that
A) Timothy Leary advocated.
B) causes delusions and bizarre behaviors.
C) Cary Grant used as part of therapy.
D) is a fungus derivative.
E) all of these.
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
14) Skinner’s ideas are exemplified by which scenario?
A) Julian completes all of his chores because, in the past, that has led to his receiving his allowance from his parents.
B) Julie straightens up her bedroom because she thinks of herself as a person who values neatness.
C) Jack exercises his free will by skipping class on sunny days and going to the beach.
D) Jensen does not pick up after himself because he is in a hurry.
E) Sue studies for her exam because she wants to do well in school.
Answer: A
Diff: Moderate
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Application
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
15) Our genetic code affects
A) our behavioral consistency.
B) our nerves, hormones, and neurotransmitters.
C) the development of our brains.
D) our temperament.
E) all of these.
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
16) Which of the following statements best describes designer personalities?
A) Chemical control of personality
B) Desirable personalities that are created through therapy and counseling
C) Undesirable personalities being banned from reproduction
D) Undesirable traits being punished out of existence
E) The striving to create one perfect personality
Answer: A
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
17) Which of the following statements best describes behavioral genomics?
A) The study of human language and the biological centers in the brain
B) The study of how humans respond to positive and negative reinforcement
C) The study of how genes affect behavior
D) The study of chemical effects on the brain
E) The study of unconscious thought
Answer: C
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
18) Which of the following perspectives best explains personality?
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Neo-analytic
C) Behaviorist
D) Cognitive
E) None of them alone explain personality best.
Answer: E
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
19) What is the best strategy to use when studying personality?
A) Pick one perspective and concentrate solely on that perspective.
B) There is no single best strategy.
C) Create a new perspective that is supported by scientific data.
D) Pick one perspective and try and prove it wrong.
E) Use the psychoanalytic approach.
Answer: B
Diff: Easy
Type: MC
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
20) A ______personality is a personality that is altered by psychoactive substances with the intention of influencing the brain and behaviors.
Answer: designer
Diff: Easy
Type: SA
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
21) According to the text book, using ______different perspectives can help us achieve a comprehensive understanding of personality.
Answer: eight (multiple)
Diff: Easy
Type: SA
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
22) ______was a well-established professor at Harvard University who began advocating the use of psychedelic drugs to “expand the mind.”
Answer: Timothy Leary
Diff: Easy
Type: SA
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
23) The behavioral theorist ______described a version of utopia that discussed the perfect community as using a reward system to shape peoples’ desires to fit the community’s needs.
Answer: B. F. Skinner
Diff: Easy
Type: SA
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
24) The eight perspectives to studying personality are: psychoanalytic, neo-analytic, ______, learning/ behaviorism, ______, trait and skill, ______, and the person-situation interactionist.
Answer: biological; cognitive; existential-humanistic
Diff: Easy
Type: SA
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.2: Assess the eight basic perspectives of personality
Concept/Topic: The Eight Perspectives Revisited
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
25) What is meant by the term “designer personality”? Do we have ways of creating anything close to this today? What are the advantages? Disadvantages?
Diff: Difficult
Type: ES
Bloom’s: Application
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
26) What are the parallels between Skinner’s ideas of utopia and many incentive plans instituted by large corporations today? Token economies found in classrooms?
Diff: Moderate
Type: ES
Bloom’s: Analysis
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality
27) Describe two positive potentialities of the human genome project and one negative possibility.
Diff: Easy
Type: ES
Bloom’s: Understanding
Learning Objective: 15.1: Analyze the possibility of controlling individual behavior through social engineering
Concept/Topic: The Brave New World of Personality