Chapter 13: the Respiratory System

Chapter 13: the Respiratory System

Chapter 13: The Respiratory System

( ) 1- Air in the larynx on its way to the lungs would enter which of the following next?

a- pharynx

b- primary bronchus

c- trachea

d- bronchiole

e- esophagus

( ) 2- This partition separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below?

a- epiglottis

b- nasal septum

c- palate

d- concha

e- thyroid cartilage

( ) 3- What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs called?

a- residual volume

b- expiratory reserve volume

c- inspiratory reserve volume

d- vital capacity

e- tidal volume

( ) 4- What is the term for difficult or labored breathing?

a- dyspnea

b- cyanosis

c- apnea

d- eupnea

e- hypoxia

( ) 5- What muscular passageway serves as a common passageway for food and air?

a- pharynx

b- trachea

c- glottis

d- larynx

e- esophagus

( ) 6- Which of the following is NOT true about the lungs?

a- They are divided into lobes

b- They contain elastic connective tissue in their walls

c- They receive air by way of primary bronchi

d- They are covered by visceral pleura

e- They are located in the mediastinum

( )7- Air in the conducting zone airways that is not in position to contribute to gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood is termed?

a- dead space volume

b- expiratory reserve volume

c- tidal volume

d- residual volume

e- alveolar air

( ) 8- Respiratory distress syndrome in an infant is characterized by?

a- an expanded barrel chest

b- inadequate surfactant production

c- excessive production of mucus

d- loss of elasticity by the lungs

e- chronic inflammation

( ) 9- How is the bulk of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

a- as the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in plasma

b- as carbon monoxide(CO) in the plasma

c- dissolved in the plasma

d- inside red blood cells

e- combined with hemoglobin

( ) 10- Which of the following is NOT true during inspiration?

a- intrapulmonary volume increases

b- the diaphragm contracts, moves inferiorly and flattens out

c- The external intercostal muscles contract lifting the rib cage and thrusting the sternum forward

d- intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure

e- intrapulmonary air pressure decreases

( ) 11- Where is the center which sets the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration located?

a- cerebellum

b- cerebrum

c- pons

d- medulla

e- corpus callosum

( ) 12- The main stimulus for increasing the breathing rate and depth involves?

a- an increase in blood pH

b- a decrease in body temperature

c- an increase in the level of oxygen in the blood

d- an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood

e- a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood

( ) 13- In addition to the respiratory system, what other system shares the responsibility of supplying cells of the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide?

a- reproductive system

b- lymphatic system

c- cardiovascular system

d- urinary system

e- digestive system

( ) 14- Which of the following is NOT a protective mechanism of the respiratory system?

a- gastric juice

b- sneezing

c- coughing

d- cilia mucus sweeping

"e- ''dust cells

( ) 15- Air must pass through this slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the larynx to enter the trachea?

a- concha

b- palate

c- sinus

d- alveolus

e- glottis

( ) 16- Which of the following would increase the pH of blood leading to alkalosis?

a- exercising

b- holding your breath

c- falling asleep

d- hyperventilating

e- rebreathing air in a brown paper bag

( ) 17- The serous membrane associated with each lung is the?

a- synovial membrane

b- peritoneum

c- pleura

d- pericardium

e- cutaneous membrane

( ) 18- Which of the following respiratory system disorders or defects is INCORRECTLY paired with its brief description?

a- asthma - hypersensitivity to an irritant

b- cystic fibrosis - over secretion of mucus

c- emphysema - loss of elasticity by the lungs

d- sudden infant death syndrome - inadequate production of surfactant

e- cleft palate - bones forming the hard palate fail to fuse medially

( ) 19- Which of the following is not involved in conducting air to the lungs?

a- larynx

b- trachea

c- esophagus

d- bronchus

e- pharynx

( ) 20- Each of the following is directly connected to the pharynx except the?

a- nasal cavity

b- auditory tubes

c- oral cavity

d- trachea

e- larynx

( ) 21- Pick the correct order for the path followed by Trevor (an oxygen molecule) as he travels from the outside to the lungs?

1. Primary bronchi

2. Laryngopharynx

3. Nasal cavity

4. External nares

5. Glottis

6. Oropharynx

7. Secondary bronchi

8. Larynx

9. Nasopharynx

10. Trachea

a- 6,3,9,4,5,2,8,10,1,7 b- 4,9,3,6,2,5,8,1,10,7 c- 6,9,2,3,5,4,10,8,1,7

d- 4,3,9,6,2,5,8,10,1,7 e- 4,3,9,6,5,2,8,10,7,1

( ) 22- The nose?

a- 1.moistens the air

b- 2.warms the air

c- 3.filters the air

d- 4.contains the olfactory receptors

Only (1) and (3) above are correct.

Only (2) and (4) above are correct.

All of (1), (2), (3), and (4) above are correct.

Only (4) above is correct.

Only (1), (2), and (3) above are correct.

( ) 23- The "Adam's Apple" is the common name for the?

a- arytenoid cartilage

b- hyoid bone

c- epiglottis

d- thyroid cartilage

e- pharynx

( ) 24- What prevents food from entering the trachea?

a- epiglottis

b- saliva

c- glottis

d- vocal cords and false vocal cords

e- Soft palate

( ) 25- Place the following in their correct order from the outside to inside?

1. lungs

2. pleural cavity

3. visceral pleura

4. parietal pleura

a- 3,2,4,1 b- 2,3,4,1 c- 4,2,3,1 d- 2,1,4,3 e- 1,2,3,4

( ) 26- Pleurisy results from an accumulation of fluid in the?

a- pleural cavity

b- nasal passages

c- auditory tubes

d- primary bronchi

e- alveoli

( ) 27- Inhalation results when the?

a- diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles contract

b- intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract and make the chest cavity bigger

c- air pressure within the lungs increases drawing air into the lungs from the outside

d- intercostal muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts

e- lungs expand and make the chest cavity bigger

( ) 28- What supplies the force responsible for normal expiration?

a- diaphragm contracting

b- external intercostal muscles contracting

c- elastic recoil of the diaphragm

d- internal intercostal muscles contracting

e- both a and d above are correct

( ) 29- The tidal volume is air?

a- exhaled during normal breathing

b- forcefully exhaled

c- inhaled during normal breathing

d- forcefully inhaled

e- both a and c above are correct

( ) 30- The volume of air, over the tidal volume, that can be forced into the lungs is called the?

a- residual air

b- inspiratory reserve volume

c- expiratory reserve volume

d- reserve air

e- vital capacity

( ) 31- What is (approximately) the average vital capacity for humans?

a- 6,000 ml b- 1,200 ml c- 3, 100 ml d- 4, 300 ml e- 4, 800 ml

( ) 32- Where would carbon dioxide concentration be the highest?

a- pulmonary vein blood

b- renal vein blood

c- pulmonary artery blood

d- renal artery blood

e- hepatic portal vein blood

( ) 33- Oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the lung membrane surface through?

a- osmosis

b- differences in atmospheric pressure

c- tidal air

d- active transport

e- diffusion

( ) 34- What is the form of hemoglobin that is responsible for carrying oxygen?

a- carbamino-hemoglobin

b- carboxyhemoglobin

c- deoxygenated hemoglobin

d- reduced hemoglobin

e- oxyhemoglobin

( ) 35- Where are the respiratory control centers located?

a- cerebrum

b- hypothalamus

c- medulla

d- pons

e- both c and d above are correct

( ) 36- The condition whereby the respiratory alveoli become enlarged and may be replaced by fibrous tissue is known as?

a- pleurisy

b- pneumonia

c- emphysema

d- bronchitis

e- tuberculosis

( ) 37- The glottis is the?

a- space between the vocal cords

b- just above the larynx and esophagus

c- point where the trachea divides

d- moveable lid covering the opening into the larynx

e- pointed end of the lungs

( ) 38- How is oxygen carried in the trachea?

a- as a gas

b- as oxyhemoglobin

c- in solution in body fluids (e.g. mucin)

d- as a result of peristaltic actions

e- by buffering compounds like KCl (potassium chloride)

( ) 39- The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of?

a- carbamino-hemoglobin

b- dissolved carbon dioxide (gas bubbles) in the blood plasma

c- oxyhemoglobin

d- carbonic acid

e- bicarbonate ions

( ) 40- Which of the following is a substance found in cigarette smoke that interferes with the ability of the blood to transport oxygen?

a- nicotine

b- asbestos

c- carbon monoxide

d- nitrogen

e- hydrogen cyanide

20 / 19 / 18 / 17 / 16 / 15 / 14 / 13 / 12 / 11 / 10 / 9 / 8 / 7 / 6 / 5 / 4 / 3 / 2 / 1 / A
B
40 / 39 / 38 / 37 / 36 / 35 / 34 / 33 / 32 / 31 / 30 / 29 / 28 / 27 / 26 / 25 / 24 / 23 / 22 / 21 / A
B

1