Chapter 1: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Guided Reading

Name ______2015

Chapter 1: Molecular Basis of Inheritance Guided Reading

Section 13-1

1. Explain Griffith’s experiment and the concept of transformation in detail.

2. What did Avery, MacLeod and McCarty contribute to this line of investigation?

3. What is a bacteriophage?

4. Label the diagram below and explain the Hershey Chase experiment.

5. How did Chargraff’s work contribute to understanding the structure of DNA?

6. Why was Rosalind’s Franklin’s work essential to the understanding of the structure of DNA?

7. Label the individual parts of the structure shown below:

8. Why does adenine always pair with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA?

9. Explain the concept of DNA strands being antiparallel.

Section 13.2

10. What is meant by the term that DNA replication is semiconservative?

11. Detail the Meselson and Stahl experiment concerning DNA replication.

12. Define the following terms:

a. origins of replication

b. replication fork

c. helicases

d. single-strand binding proteins

e. Topoisomerase

13. Label the diagram below illustrating the roles of proteins in DNA replication

14. Looking at figure 13.13, discuss how bacterial DNA replication accomplished?

15. Discuss the roles of the following in DNA replication:

a. primer

b. primase

c. DNA polymerases

16. Label the figure below to show how antiparallel elongation of DNA during replication

17. Define the following terms:

a. Leading strand

b. Lagging strand

c. Okazaki fragments

d. DNA ligase

18. Label the diagram below of the synthesis of leading strand during replication:

19. Label the diagram below illustrating the synthesis of the lagging strand of DNA during replication

20. List the functions of the following enzymes involved in the replication of the lagging strand:

a. DNA Polymerase III

b. DNA Polymerase I

c. DNA Ligase

21. Identify and label the diagram below showing a summary of bacterial DNA replication:

22. What is mismatch repair?

23. Discuss the role of nuclease in nucleotide excision repair.

24. Label the diagram below of nucleotide excision repair of DNA damage:

25 Why is there a short section of a cell’s DNA that cannot be repaired or replaced? Draw your own diagram explaining the problem. It is very important that you understand this conceptually.

26. What are telomeres and why are they important? How does telomerase play a role?

Section 13.3

27. Discuss the DNA found in bacterial (prokaryotic cells).

28. How is bacterial DNA packaged in a cell?

29. Define:

a. Chromatin

b. Heterochromatin

c. Euchromatin

30. Label the figure below showing the packing of eukaryotic chromosomes