Science 9Name: ______Date: ______

Science 9 Reproduction Test Review

Cell Division, Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

What you need to know:

RE9.2 Observe and describe the significance of cellular reproductive processes, including mitosis and meiosis.

  • I CAN illustrate and describe the basic process of cell division as part of the cell cycle, including what happens to the cell membrane and the contents of the nucleus.
  • I CAN recognize that the nucleus of the cell determines cellular processes.
  • I CAN identify major shifts in scientific understanding of cell growth and division.
  • I CAN explain how the cellular theory accounts for cell division.
  • I CAN compare and contrast the function of mitosis with the function of meiosis and distinguish the difference between cell division during meiosis and mitosis.
  • I CAN understand how cancer is related to the cellular process.

RE9.3 Describe the processes and implications of sexual and asexual reproduction in plants and animals.

  • I CAN identify questions to investigate about sexual and asexual reproduction in plants.
  • I CAN compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction in terms of their advantages and disadvantages.
  • I CAN describe various methods for asexual reproduction (propagation) of plants (e.g. budding, grafting, fission, vegetative propagation).
  • I CAN describe general methods and list specific examples of asexual reproduction in animal species.
  • I CAN investigate and describe applications of asexual reproduction knowledge and technologies in Saskatchewan agricultural sector.
  • I CAN describe and give examples of sexual reproduction in plant and animal species, including hermaphrodites.

You will be asked questions like:

  1. What is asexual reproduction?
  2. What is sexual reproduction?
  3. What is the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination?
  4. List the 8 types of asexual reproduction.
  5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction?
  6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction?
  7. Give 2 examples of organisms that reproduce both asexually and sexually.
  8. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis (which means you have to be able to describe or draw out the processes for both).
  9. Is the rate of cancer increasing or staying about the same?
  10. Is cancer an invader, like a virus, or is it more your own body rebelling against itself?
  11. What habit causes 30% of mutations that lead to cancers?
  12. What is the leading cause of cancer?
  13. What usually happens if there is an error in the child cell?
  14. Compare and contrast a cancer cell and a fetus.
  15. True or false:
  16. Cells send signals and confer on how to go about life. Cancer is caused, when one of these ______, and then it’s children undergo some changes that causes it to lose touch with the rest of the crowd.
  17. Cancer is almost like it’s some sort of wannabe creature that’s trying to evolve inside your body. So from its own perspective, it’s doing exactly what it’s supposed to do.
  18. Define the following terms (matching):
  19. Clones
  20. Binary fission
  21. Budding
  22. Parthenogenesis
  23. Spores
  24. Vegetative reproduction
  25. Fragmentation
  26. Grafting
  27. Plant tissue cultures
  28. Gametes
  29. Eggs
  30. Sperm
  31. Fertilization
  32. Meiosis
  33. Mitosis
  34. Zygote
  35. Cleavage
  36. Embryo
  37. Hermaphrodite
  38. Pollen
  39. Ovules
  40. Label the following diagram:

  1. What does cell theory state?
  2. How did the microscope change the way we look at life and understand how new life is formed?

Designer Babies

What you need to know:

RE9.1 Examine the process of and influences on the transfer of genetic information.

  • I CAN identify questions related to genetics to investigate that arise from practical problems and issues.
  • I CAN provide examples of genetic conditions that cannot be solved using current scientific and technological knowledge.
  • I CANrecognize that the nucleus of the cell determines cellular processes and contains genetic material.
  • I CANidentify examples of dominate and recessive characteristics in humans or other organisms.
  • I CANdiscuss environmental factors and personal choices that may lead to changes in cell’s genetic information.

RE9.4 Analyze the process of human reproduction, including the influence of reproductive and contraceptive technologies.

  • I CANdescribe the major stages of human development from conception to birth, including fertilization, embryo development, and stages of birth.
  • I CANprovide examples of scientific knowledge that have resulted in the development of past or current reproductive technologies.
  • I CANexamine societal issues related to the use of reproductive technologies in humans and defend a given position on an issue related to the use of reproductive technologies in humans.

You will be asked questions like:

  1. What is the difference between a characteristic and a trait?
  2. What is heredity?
  3. Give 2 examples of heritable characteristics.
  4. Give 2 examples of non-heritable characteristics.
  5. Give an example of an heritable characteristics that can be influenced by the environment (p. 44).
  6. What is genetic code?
  7. What is a gene?
  8. What is an allele?
  9. Give an example of a hybrid animal.
  10. What is the difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait?
  11. Give an example of each.
  12. What is selective breeding?
  13. Give an example of artificial reproductive technology.
  14. What is artificial insemination?
  15. What is in vitro fertilization?
  16. What is genetic engineering?
  17. What is one of the risks of selective breeding?
  18. List 1 cause of accidental change to DNA.
  19. List 1 genetic condition and how it is caused.
  20. Know the definitions of:
  21. Gametes
  22. Eggs
  23. Sperm
  24. Fertilization
  25. Implantation
  26. Placenta
  27. Zygote
  28. Embryo
  29. Fetus
  30. Why does sexual reproduction exist (from a biological point of view)?
  1. List the sex organs typically found in males.
  1. List the sex organs typically found in females.
  1. What is FSH, or follicle-stimulating hormone, and what does it do?
  1. What hormone do the testes produce when FSH reaches them?
  1. What hormones do the ovaries produce when FSH reaches them?
  1. Give examples of secondary male sex characteristics.
  1. Give examples of secondary female sex characteristics.
  1. When do males start producing sperm?
  1. How many sperm can be produced each day?
  1. How many sperm does it take to fertilize an egg?
  1. How many eggs does a female begin life with?
  1. How many does she have left by puberty?
  1. Label the diagrams:

  1. What is a blastocyst?
  1. What happens to the inner layer of cells of a blastocyst?
  1. What two tissues are formed by the outer layer of cells of a blastocyst and what do these tissues eventually form?
  1. What is a placenta?
  1. Give 8 possible signs of early pregnancy that a woman may experience before she even knows she is pregnant.
  1. What is the difference between an embryo and a fetus?
  1. What hormone makes the uterus contract rhythmically?
  1. How wide does the cervix dilate to allow the baby to be born?
  1. After birth, what else must come out of the uterus?
  1. Give an example of a situation that would require a Caesarean section rather than allowing labour to proceed vaginally?
  1. At what point do you think a life begins? Why?
  1. What is contraception?
  1. Give 8 examples of contraception.
  1. What is the most efficient method of contraception?
  1. What is infertility?
  1. List 2 possible causes of infertility in females.
  1. What is most common cause of infertility in males?
  1. What is artificial insemination and why is it used?
  1. What is in vitro fertilization and why is it used?
  1. In in vitro fertilization, what happens after the eggs are fertilized?
  1. What is a surrogate mother and why would parents choose to use one for the pregnancy?
  1. List 4 types of contraceptives.
  2. Which contraceptives also prevent STIs?