Biology Semester 1 final study guide
Thacker 2016
What will help you?? Look through your past study guides and ask yourself to describe the answers to those questions. Review your past quizzes. READ through the power points before starting each unit of study. Study one unit at a time. Take practice tests and quizzes on the book web site.
Watch videos of processes!! Teach a friend! You may use both sides of a piece of paper to handwrite (ONLY ) anything that can help you and use this on your test. You must staple this to your scantron when you hand it in.
Unit 1, Nature of Science and Evolution:
Darwin theory of Evolution:
Homologous and Analogous structures:
Convergent and Divergent evolution:
Describe the differences between qualitative and quantitative observations.
Describe how you can identify an independent and dependent variable in situations.
Convert milliliters to liters, centimeters to meters, kilograms to grams
What is a theory and how is it different from a hypothesis?
When is it proper to use a line graph? A bar graph?
What axis does the independent variable go on, which axis is the dependent variable graphed on?
What is the difference between a prokaryote and an eukaryote?
What are the two different ways that organisms get energy? What are the terms to describe this?
What are the 5 kingdoms?
What kinds of mammals are egg laying? What kind of mammals have a short lived placenta?
What are cladograms and what do they show?
What is the difference between absolute dating and relative dating? When is it appropriate to use absolute dating?
What is episodic speciation?
Describe the endosymbiotic theory.
Describe Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection.
Darwin is famous for his work with what kind of organism?
What are Darwin’s inferences?
Selection acts on individuals but ______evolve.
What are adaptations?
Fossils and anatomy are evidence for ______
Describe the differences between Homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures
New species result from 2 kinds of isolation______&______Isolation
What is the difference between Divergent, Convergent, coevolution and adaptive radiation?
Unit 2, Ecology:
Ecosystem Organization:
Energy Flow in Ecosystems:
Primary and Secondary Succession:
What are abiotic and biotic factors?
What is the general organization of ecosystem structure?
How are Biomes characterized?
What kinds of organisms are producers? Consumers?
What do secondary consumers eat?
Understand how energy transfers up the tropic levels.
What is biological magnification?
What are three types of symbiotic relationships?
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
Give examples of exponential growth and logistic growth. Which has limiting factors?
How does Carbon cycle through the living environment and the abiotic environment?
What organism takes Nitrogen from the atmosphere and chemically changes it into useful materials for plants?
What is a keystone species?
Unit 3, Biochemistry:
Biomolecules:
Enzymes:
What is a macromolecule?
What are the four main biological molecules? Give examples and name their monomers.
Carbs are used for what purpose mostly? If in excess, how are they stored in humans?
What are lipids used for? Are they really polymers?
Enzymes are actually ______that catalyze reactions.
Describe how an enzyme works using these words; enzyme, substrate, active site, new product, enzyme substrate complex.
Why are enzymes so important?
What can cause enzymes to not function well?
Unit 4 Cellular Energy:
Photosynthesis:
Cellular Respiration:
Cellular Transport:
Cell Structures:
Know the function of these organelles: Nucleus, Golgi body, ER, Ribosomes, Chloroplasts, Mitochondria, Centrioles,
Plasma Membrane, Cell Wall, Central Vacuole
All nutrients must be broken down into ______.
Know the process of photosynthesis…draw out the sequence, know the reactants and products of the light reaction and the dark reactions (Calvin cycle)
Know the process of turning glucose into ATP through the 3 step process of Cellular Respiration. Write out the sequence, know where it happens and what the reactants are and the products are.
What is generated in anaerobic fermentation?
How do cells transport materials into and out of their membranes?
Why is it good to be small if you’re a cell?
What are the two concepts that make cell transport possible?
What are the two types of transport and give examples of each.
How is Osmosis different from diffusion?
Describe a Hypertonic, Hypotonic and Isotonic solution.
Unit 5 Cell Cycle and Meiosis:
Mitosis
Meiosis:
Use the questions on the back of your guided notes as a study guide.