Biology Pre-AP: Exam 1 Study Guide
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____1.Living things
a.require energy to carry on life processes. b.have the ability to reproduce. c.are composed of cells. d.All of the above
____2.Homeostasis means
a.a change over long periods of time. b.maintaining a stable internal environment. c.rapid change. d.the same thing as evolution.
____3.The bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons is called a(n)
a.hydrogen bond. b.ionic bond. c.covalent bond. d.water bond.
____4.Water is a polar molecule because
a.it contains two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen atom. b.it has a charge. c.different parts of the molecule have slightly different charges. d.it does not have a charge.
____5.Acidic solutions have a pH that is
a.less than 7. b.between 7 and 14. c.a negative number. d.more than 7.
____6.Which of the following is not an organic macromolecule?
a.carbohydrate b.ice c.lipid d.nucleic acid
____7.An enzyme
a.is not used up when catalyzing a reaction. b.lowers the activation energy of a reaction. c.bonds with a substrate molecule at the enzyme’s active site. d.All of the above
____8.Refer to the illustration above. Which structure immediately identifies this cell as a eukaryote?
a.structure 1 b.structure 2 c.structure 3 d.structure 4
____9.Refer to the illustration above. Which structure produces vesicles filled with proteins?
a.structure 1 b.structure 2 c.structure 5 d.Both (a) and (c)
____10.Refer to the illustration above. Structure 2 is
a.rough endoplasmic reticulum. b.a Golgi apparatus. c.a mitochondrion. d.the nucleus.
____11.Refer to the illustration above. The structure that acts as a gate to the cell’s interior is labeled
a.A. b.B. c.C. d.D.
____12.The cell membrane
a.encloses the contents of a cell. b.allows materials to enter and leave the cell. c.is selectively permeable. d.All of the above
____13.Most of the food and waste materials that move into and out of a cell pass through
a.receptor proteins. b.marker proteins. c.enzymes. d.channel proteins.
____14.Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled B in the diagram is an example of a
a.channel protein. b.marker protein. c.receptor protein. d.None of the above
____15.Refer to the illustration above. The structure labeled A is most likely a
a.DNA molecule. b.signal molecule. c.chromosome. d.marker protein.
____16.The double membrane surrounding the nucleus is called the
a.nucleolus. b.nuclear wall. c.ribosome. d.nuclear envelope.
____17.One important organelle that helps maintain homeostasis by moving substances from one part of the cell to another is the
a.endoplasmic reticulum. b.mitochondrion. c.Golgi apparatus. d.cytoplasm.
____18.Refer to the illustration above. The structures labeled 4 are
a.vesicles. b.lysosomes. c.ribosomes. d.chloroplasts.
____19.The organelles associated with plant photosynthesis are the
a.mitochondria. b.chloroplasts. c.Golgi apparatus. d.vacuoles.
____20.As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances
a.always remains greater inside a membrane. b.eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane. c.always remains greater outside of a membrane. d.becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane.
____21.Diffusion is the movement of a substance
a.only through a lipid bilayer membrane. b.from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration. c.only in liquids. d.from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
____22.The diffusion of water into or out of a cell is called
a.solubility. b.osmosis. c.selective transport. d.endocytosis.
____23.Osmosis is a type of
a.active transport. b.passive transport. c.facilitated diffusion. d.endocytosis.
____24.Ions move through ion channels by
a.endocytosis. b.diffusion. c.passive transport. d.active transport.
____25.Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of
a.exocytosis. b.facilitated diffusion. c.osmosis. d.ion pumps.
____26.Which of the following is a form of active transport?
a.osmosis b.diffusion c.facilitated diffusion d.sodium-potassium pump
____27.The sodium-potassium pump usually pumps
a.potassium ions out of the cell. b.sodium ions into the cell. c.potassium ions into the cell. d.only potassium ions and sugar molecules.
____28.The sodium-potassium pump
a.increases the concentration of sodium ions inside a cell. b.decreases the concentration of sodium ions inside a cell. c.increases the concentration of potassium ions inside a cell. d.Both (b) and (c)
____29.Proteins and polysaccharides that are too large to move into a cell through diffusion or active transport move in by
a.exocytosis. b.endocytosis. c.the sodium-potassium pump. d.None of the above
____30.When a signal molecule binds to a receptor protein, the receptor protein may
a.change the permeability of the membrane. b.cause the formation of a second messenger molecule. c.catalyze certain chemical reactions in the cell. d.All of the above
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
31.Change in inherited ______over time is called evolution.
32.Every living organism is composed of one or more ______.
33.The negatively charged particles in an atom are ______.
34.A(n) ______bond forms between two atoms sharing electrons.
35.Long chains of nucleotides are called ______.
36.All living things require a source of ______to carry out their life activities.
37.The ______houses a cell’s DNA, which contains heredity information.
38.The random motion of particles of a substance that causes the substance to move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ______.
39.Carrier proteins ______shape to transport sugars to the interior of cells.
40.Active transport requires the use of ______by a cell.
41.The ______-______pump transports ions against their concentration gradients.
42.The movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle is called ______.
A / B43.Refer to the illustration above. Cells often engulf extracellular particles and fluid, as shown in figure A. This is called ______.
Biology Pre-AP: Exam 1 Study Guide
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.D
2.B
3.C
4.C
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.B
9.A
10.D
11.4
12.D
13.D
14.C
15.B
16.D
17.A
18.C
19.B
20.B
21.D
22.B
23.B
24.C
25.B
26.D
27.C
28.D
29.B
30.D
COMPLETION
31.traits
32.cells
33.electrons
34.covalent
35.nucleic acids
36.energy
37.nucleus
38.diffusion
39.change
40.ATP
energy
41.sodium potassium
42.endocytosis
43.endocytosis