Test on Evolution and Genetics

TEST ON EVOLUTION AND GENETICS

1.  What is the fixity of species?

2.  When did people use to believe the Earth was created?

3.  What contributions to our understanding of evolution did each of the following have? (hint – study quiz)

a.  John Ray

b.  Carrolus Linneaus

c.  Comte de Buffon

d.  Erasmus Darwin

e.  Jean Baptiste Lamarck

f.  Georges Cuvier

g.  Charles Lyell

h.  Thomas Malthus

i.  Charles Darwin

j.  Alfred Russel Wallace

4.  What trip did Darwin make that helped him develop his ideas on evolution?

5.  How did the finches from the Galapagos Island help Darwin formulate his theory?

6.  What was this theory called? Describe it.

7.  Who also developed the same theory at the same time?

8.  When Darwin published his theory, what was the book called?

9.  Be able to explain this theory using either the peppered moth example, or the bunny example (bean lab).

10.  What was the main limitation to Darwin’s theory? What did he NOT understand?

11.  What is the neo-Darwinian theory of evolution?

12.  What are the four forces of evolution? Be able to explain and define them.

13.  Which force is more important today? Which force is more important in early human evolution?

14.  How many chromosomes do we have? How many pairs? What does homologous mean?

15.  What are our sex chromosomes? What means male, what means female?

16.  What are the autosomes? How many pairs do we have?

17.  What is the reaction norm? What does it mean?

18.  What is an allele?

19.  What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

20.  What is the difference between a dominant and recessive trait?

21.  What is the difference between a homozygous and a heterozygous genotype?

22.  What is the structure and function of DNA? Be Detailed!

23.  If DNA has one side on ATTGACCAG, what is the other strand?

24.  What is DNA Replication?

25.  What happens in DNA Replication?

26.  What is protein synthesis?

27.  What are the two major steps of protein synthesis? What happens in each stage?

28.  What is the other nucleic acid used in protein synthesis? What are the major differences between DNA and this nucleic acid?

29.  Where does transcription occur?

30.  What happens in transcription?

31.  If the template strand of DNA is ACGGTAATC, what will the mRNA be?

32.  Where does the mRNA strand go to for translation?

33.  In translation, the mRNA information is used to make a ______.

34.  The bases of mRNA are read _____ at a time. These groups are called a codon.

35.  For each codon read, a molecule of tRNA brings over the correct ______.

36.  The ______on the tRNA complements the codon on the mRNA.

37.  Amino acids are joined together with ______bonds, making a protein.

38.  What is a mutation?

39.  If a mutation involves only ONE base (substituted, deleted or inserted) it is called a ______mutation.

40.  Mutations can also involve pieces of or whole ______.