Biology Practice Questions

Biology Practice Questions

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____1.Which of these is a model of the most complete food chain?

A. /
B. /
C. /
D. /

____2.Which population would be most affected if the snakes were removed from this food web?

F. / Grass / G. / Mouse / H. / Lizard / J. / Hawk

____3.In this food pyramid, how much energy is available as the energy is passed from one trophic level to another?

A. / 1% / B. / 10% / C. / 25% / D. / 50%

____4.Which organisms in this food web can be described as both primary and secondary consumers?

F. / Hawks / G. / Weasels / H. / Raccoons / J. / Mice

____5.In this food chain, the spiders are —

A. / producers / C. / primary consumers
B. / competitors / D. / secondary consumers

____6.Energy used by producers in a grassland food web is provided by —

F. / sunlight / H. / oxygen
G. / photosynthesis / J. / carbon dioxide

____7.Which of these groups of organisms would most likely have accumulated the largest concentration of a long-lasting chemical pollutant in their bodies?

A. / Phytoplankton / C. / Lake trout
B. / Zooplankton / D. / Gulls

____8.The difference in the size of each layer of this food pyramid is primarily the result of the difference in

F. / food choices of individual niches
G. / oceanic zones of habitat
H. / the amount of food energy at each trophic level
J. / the relative heights of the organisms

____9.In this food pyramid, which level contains the greatest amount of energy?

A. / Tertiary consumers / C. / Primary consumers
B. / Secondary consumers / D. / Producers

____10.Which group is most responsible for the recylcing of atoms within the environment?

F. / Autotrophs / H. / Phototrophs
G. / Consumers / J. / Decomposers

____11.In this food web, the bacteria probably function as —

A. / producers / B. / herbivores / C. / decomposers / D. / carnivores

____12.About 10% of the energy at one trophic level is passed to the next level. What usually happens to the energy that is not passed to the next trophic level or used to carry out life processes?

F. / It is given off as heat. / H. / It is used in reproduction.
G. / It is stored as vitamins. / J. / It is used in protein synthesis.

____13.When organisms die, what prevents the environment from being overwhelmed by the bodies of these organisms?

A. / Rainwater washes them away.
B. / Other organisms use them as food.
C. / Sunlight releases energy from their tissues.
D. / Natural and controlled fires burn them.

____14.Which relationship is represented when a hyena eats a rodent that it has caught?

F. / scavenger/carrion / H. / predator/prey
G. / herbivore/consumer / J. / host/parasite

____15.Clown fish are small reef fish that seek protection from predators by sheltering themselves among the stinging tentacles of sea anemones. Clown fish are very territorial and can potentially scare off predators of sea anemones. This relationship is an example of —

A. / neutralism / C. / mutualism
B. / parasitism / D. / commensalism

____16.An oakworm caterpillar feeds on the leaves of an oak tree. This type of interaction is —

F. / mutualistic / G. / commensalistic / H. / competitive / J. / parasitic

____17.An oleander is a type of evergreen shrub. The tissues of oleanders contain chemicals that are poisonous to many mammals, including humans, horses, cattle, and sheep. The production of poisonous chemicals most likely benefits oleanders by deterring or even killing many types of —

A. / bacteria / C. / pollinators
B. / herbivores / D. / scavengers

____18.Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

F. / A wasp injects its eggs inside the body of a caterpillar. The eggs hatch and eat the caterpillar.
G. / A bird builds a nest in a tree.
H. / A human uses a dog to protect a flock of sheep. The dog is given food and shelter.
J. / A flower grows next to a bush.

____19.Which situation best represents a parasitic relationship?

A. / A tapeworm absorbing nutrients from the intestine of a dog
B. / An orchid being pollinated by a nectar-collecting wasp
C. / Bacteria aiding humans in digestion.
D. / An armadillo rooting in the soil at the base of an oak tree

____20.This relationship is an example of —

F. / mutualism / G. / commensalism / H. / parasitism / J. / predation

____21.Which two kingdoms contain members that are photosynthetic?

A. / Eubacteria and Fungi / C. / Plantae and Protista
B. / Protista and Animalia / D. / Animalia and Fungi

____22.A laboratory investigation included examining prepared slides of pond water. Single-celled organisms with a nucleus and either cilia or flagella were visible. These organisms probably belong to the kingdom —

F. / Animalia / G. / Fungi / H. / Protista / J. / Plantae

____23.Multicellular eukaryotes that are usually mobile and obtain food from other organisms probably belong to the kingdom —

A. / Plantae / B. / Fungi / C. / Animalia / D. / Protista

____24.The cell above most likely belongs to an organism of the kingdom —

F. / Animalia / G. / Plantae / H. / Fungi / J. / Eubacteria

____25.Which group of organisms can live in the human intestine and aid in the digestive process?

A. / bacteria / B. / fungi / C. / protozoa / D. / viruses

____26.Cholera-causing bacteria have a single flagellum that allows these bacteria to —

F. / move / H. / excrete water
G. / reproduce / J. / produce sugar

____27.Which of these does a virus need in order to multiply?

A. / Chloroplasts from a host cell
B. / A host cell to provide oxygen for the virus
C. / New ADP from a host cell
D. / A host cell to replicate the virus’s DNA

____28.Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcusis a —

F. / virus / G. / bacterium / H. / protozoan / J. / fungus

____29.Viruses can only replicate

A. / inside a host cell. / C. / outside a nucleus.
B. / along a cellular membrane. / D. / between host cells.

____30.Which is a characteristic of members of the plant kingdom that distinguishes them from members of the animal kingdom?

F. / Storage of energy in chemical bonds
G. / Exchange of H2O with the environment
H. / Use of mRNA during protein production
J. / Use of chlorophyll for solar-energy transformation

____31.Which of these is a function of the cell membrane in all cells?

A. / Producing cellular nutrients / C. / Neutralizing chemicals
B. / Preserving cellular wastes / D. / Maintaining homeostasis

____32.Which organelle has the most control over a cell’s functions?

F. / cell membrane / H. / nucleus
G. / ribosomes / J. / vacuole

____33.Which process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells?

A. / cellular respiration / C. / reproduction
B. / photosynthesis / D. / protein synthesis

____34.The apparatus above was used to collect the oxygen that was produced by Elodea. Which factor was most responsible for the production of oxygen by Elodea?

F. / Sugar was present in the liquid.
G. / The liquid contained enough oxygen for the plant to absorb.
H. / The presence of light stimulated photosynthesis.
J. / The plant contained a large number of mitochondria.

____35.Energy conversion within an animal cell would be severely limited by removal of the cell’s —

A. / mitochondria. / B. / chloroplasts. / C. / plastids. / D. / lysosomes.

____36.Energy conversion within a plant cell would be severely limited by removal of the cell’s —

F. / cell wall. / G. / lysosomes. / H. / nucleus. / J. / chloroplast.

____37.Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites?

A. / Photosynthesis produces twice as manyATP molecules as cellular respiration does.
B. / Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during cellular respiration.
C. / Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration occurs at night.
D. / Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration.

____38.Which of these is a characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy?

F. / They have a large number of mitochondria.
G. / They have a supplementary Y chromosome.
H. / They have a two-layer membrane.
J. / They have a storage area for albumin proteins.

____39.Which of the following cannot metabolize nutrients?

A. / / C. /
B. / / D. /

____40.Which molecule resembles the shape of a twisted ladder?

F. / DNA / G. / sugar / H. / ATP / J. / lipid

____41.Mutations in DNA molecules can occur when —

A. / replication of DNA is exact
B. / a DNA enzyme attaches to an RNA codon
C. / RNA codons are replaced by DNA nucleotides
D. / a change occurs in DNA nucleotide bases

____42.An inheritable mutation may occur if an organism has a change in its

F. / appendages. / H. / DNA structure in gametes.
G. / internal organs. / J. / ATP production rates.

____43.DNA molecules separate into single strands, which are then used to construct two identical strands of DNA. This process ensures that the —

A. / cytoplasm is in equilibrium
B. / mitochondria are genetically identical to the chloroplasts
C. / parent cells use little ATP
D. / daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cells

____44.Which series of bases will complete this strand of DNA?

F. / CCTGAT / H. / GTAGGC
G. / ACTGGC / J. / TCAGGG

____45.In DNA, which of the following determines the traits of an organism?

A. / Amount of adenine / C. / Strength of hydrogen bonds
B. / Number of sugars / D. / Sequence of nitrogen bases

____46.Which mRNA sequence complements the above section of DNA?

F. / CUAGGA / G. / TCGAAG / H. / CTAGGC / J. / AGCUUC

____47.Which of these represents the DNA segmentfrom which this section of mRNA was transcribed?

A. / ACTAAG / B. / TCUTTG / C. / GAAUCU / D. / UCCTGA

____48.The structures marked 3 in the diagram are responsible for

F. / absorbing oxygen. / H. / lining up amino acids.
G. / carrying genetic codes. / J. / serving as an anticodon.

____49.Which cellular process is modeled in this diagram?

A. / Replication, in which DNA is copied before mitosis occurs
B. / Deletion, in which a chromosome breaks and a piece of DNA is lost
C. / Transcription, in which the information stored in DNA is copied to mRNA
D. / Translation, in which the information stored in mRNA is used to synthesize a protein

____50.Which cellular function does this model represent?

F. / Respiration / H. / DNA replication
G. / Protein Synthesis / J. / Photosynthesis

____51. If an organism has the genotype RrSsTtUu, what proportion of its gametes will be RSTU?

a. / 1/2 / b. / 1/4 / c. / 1/8 / d. / 1/16

____52.The body cells of an individual plant have 50 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would be found in the gametes produced by this plant?

a. / 5 / b. / 10 / c. / 25 / d. / 50

____53.Square 4 of this Punnett square represents the genotype of the offspring if

a. / ovule T is fertilized by pollen grain T / c. / ovule T is fertilized by pollen grain t
b. / ovule t is fertilized by pollen grain T / d. / ovule t is fertilized by pollen grain t

____54.What trait will most likely be observed in all offspring of the above set of parents?

a. / Green feathers / c. / Long beak
b. / Yellow feathers / d. / Short beak

____55.If a cat has 38 chromosomes in each of its body cells, how many chromosomes will be in each daughter cell after mitosis?

a. / 11 / b. / 19 / c. / 38 / d. / 78

____56.According to the table, which of the following phenotypes would probably occur in all the offspring from the parents shown above?

a. / Solid gray fur / c. / Green eyes
b. / Striped gray fur / d. / Blue eyes

____57.A pea plant with the genotype TtWW is crossed with a pea plant with the genotype ttWw. How many different genotypes can be expressed in the offspring?

a. / 1 / b. / 2 / c. / 3 / d. / 4

____58.An agricultural scientist wants to develop a variety of corn that will mature rapidly and will produce high yields. Which genotypes should the scientist cross to produce the most plants with the desired characteristics?

a. / / c. /
b. / / d. /

____59.What are the expected genotypes and phenotypes of coat color in the F2 generation?

a. / All F2 mice have BB genotypes and black phenotypes.
b. / All F2 mice have bb genotypes and white phenotypes.
c. / The genotypes of the F2 mice are 25% BB, 50% Bb, and 25% bb. The phenotypes are 75% black and 25% white.
d. / The genotypes of the F2 mice are 50% BB and 50% bb. The phenotypes are 50% black and 50% white.

____60.If a plant that is homozygous tall and wrinkled is crossed with a short, wrinkled plant, which percentage of genotypes would most likely be found in the first-generation offspring?

a. / / c. /
b. / / d. /

____61.All these systems help bring materials to the cells except the -

a. / digestive system / c. / excretory system
b. / respiratory system / d. / circulatory system

____62.On a hot summer day, a road crew worker perspires and then feels thirsty as her body temperature increases. This response is an example of

a. / releasing enzymes. / c. / assimilation proteins.
b. / decreasing respiration. / d. / maintaining homeostasis.

____63.Which of these statements describes the vertebrate circulatory system and its primary function?

a. / A web of structures that provide support while protecting vital organs
b. / A series of ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood
c. / A network of tissues that carry nutrients and oxygen through the body
d. / A complex of cytoplasmic cell membranes that transport materials made by the cell

____64.The list shows the most important systems used when a horse takes a step. Which of these should also be included in the list?

a. / Endocrine / b. / Reproductive / c. / Digestive / d. / Nervous

____65.In order to develop safe products, designers of scuba diving equipment must be aware of the needs of the circulatory systen and the

a. / digestive system. / c. / lymphatic system.
b. / respiratory system. / d. / endocrine system.

____66.Which structure in the upper arm is responsible for raising the lower arm?

a. / 1 / b. / 2 / c. / 3 / d. / 4

____67.Which system is responsible for producing enzymes that aid in breaking down substances to be absorbed for the body’s growth and repair?

a. / Digestive system / c. / Respiratory system
b. / Reproductive system / d. / Skeletal system

____68.A portion of the human excretory system is represented in the diagram. The order in which urine flows through the system is —

a. /
b. /
c. /
d. /

____69.Nutrients from digested food move from the digestive system directly into the —

a. / circulatory system / c. / excretory system
b. / integumentary system / d. / endocrine system

____ 70. When a person is frightened by a wild animal, some organ systems immediately become active, while others are suppressed. Which of these systems is likely to be suppressed?

a. / Muscular system / c. / Endocrine system
b. / Respiratory system / d. / Digestive system