Biology Enriched - Midterm Exam January 2017

Date of Exam: ______

Please study all notes, PowerPoints, worksheets, labs, and past quizzes/tests. Below is a list of what you will be required to know for the midterm exam. Good luck studying!

Chapter 1.3

  1. Observation vs. Inference
  2. Types of Observations
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Experiment
  5. Experimental vs. Control Group
  6. Independent vs. Dependent Variables
  7. Data
  1. Qualitative Data
  2. Quantitative Data

8. Graphing- Being able to analyze a graphs

9. Constants

10. Placebo

Chapter 2.1

  1. Ecology
  2. Biosphere
  3. Biotic/abiotic
  4. Levels of Organization
  5. Organism
  6. Population
  7. Community
  8. Ecosystem
  9. Biome
  10. Biosphere
  11. Ecosystem Interactions
  12. Habitat
  13. Niche
  14. Competition
  15. Intraspecific
  16. interspecific
  17. Predation
  18. Symbiotic Relationships
  19. Mutualism
  20. Commensalism
  21. Parasitism

Chapter 2.2

  1. Autotrophs / producers
  2. Heterotrophs/ Consumers
  3. Detrivores/ Decomposers
  4. Food Chains
  5. Trophic levels
  6. Food Webs

7. Ecological Pyramids

  1. Pyramid of Energy
  2. Pyramid of Biomass
  3. Pyramids of Number

Chapter 2.3

  1. Matter and Law of conservation of matter
  2. Nutrient and nutrient cycling
  3. Water cycle
  4. Precipitation
  5. Transpiration
  6. Evaporation
  7. Percolation
  8. Water vapor
  9. Ground water (aquifer)
  10. Runoff
  11. Rivers
  12. Condensation
  13. Nitrogen Cycle
  1. Main storage of Nitrogen
  2. Denitrification
  3. Nitrogen fixation
  4. Ammonification
  5. Nitrification
  6. Nitrates vs. N2 vs. ammonia
  7. Why organisms need nitrogen
  8. Overall flow of nitrogen
  1. Carbon and Oxygen Cycle
  1. Photosynthesis vs. Respiration
  2. CO2
  3. Peat, coal, oil, and gas
  4. Why organisms need carbon and O2
  5. Overall flow of carbon and oxygen

Chapter 4.1

1. Population Characteristics

a. population density

b. population distribution

i. uniform

ii. clumped

iii. random

c. population ranges

2. Density dependent vs. independent factors

3. Emigration vs. Immigration

4. Natality vs. Mortality

5. Exponential vs. Logistic growth models

6. Carrying Capacity (graph)

Chapter 5

1. Biodiversity

  1. Genetic diversity
  2. Species diversity
  3. Ecosystem diversity

2. Importance of biodiversity (direct vs. indirect)

3. Extinction

  1. Background extinction
  2. Mass extinction
  3. Natural resources (renewable vs. nonrenewable)

4. Factors that threaten biodiversity

  1. Overexploitation
  2. Habitat loss
  3. Destruction of habitat
  4. Disruption of habitat

5. Fragmentation of habitat and edge effect

6. Pollution

  1. Biomagnification
  2. Eutrophication
  3. Acid precipitation

7. Introduced species vs. invasive species

8. Natural Resources

  1. Nonrenewable resources
  2. Renewable resources
  3. Sustainable Use

9. Protecting Biodiversity

  1. National Parks and Reserves
  2. Biodiversity Hot Spots
  3. Corridors between habitats

10. Restoring Ecosystems

  1. Bioremediation
  2. Biological augmentation

Chapter 6.2 and 6.4

Carbohydrates

  1. Structure and ratio
  2. Monosaccharides
  1. Examples and uses in the body
  2. Insulin response/Diabetes

3. Disaccharides

  1. Examples and uses in the body

4. Polysaccharides

  1. Examples and uses in the body

Lipids

  1. 3 Types:
  1. Triglycerides

i. Saturated vs. Unsaturated

ii. Trans Fat and Hydrogenated Oils

b. Steroids

i. Cholesterol

ii. HDL vs. LDL

c. Phospholipids

i. Cell Membrane

  1. CHO
  2. Uses in the body

Proteins

  1. Amino acids structure
  1. 20 amino acids total
  2. R side chain different
  1. CHONS
  2. Peptide Bonds form a polypeptide
  3. Functions in the body

Nucleic Acids

  1. Nucleotides
  2. CHONPS
  3. DNA, RNA, & ATP

Energy

  1. Chemical reactions
  1. Reactants and products
  1. Activation Energy
  1. Exothermic and Endothermic
  1. Enzymes
  1. Lowers Activation Energy
  2. Never runs out
  3. Substrate, active site, and enzyme substrate complex
  4. Denaturing enzymes - pH and temperature

Chapter 8.1 and 8.2

1. Energy

a. thermodynamics

i. 1st law of thermodynamics

ii. 2nd law of thermodynamics

b. metabolism

i. Anabolic

ii. Catabolic[1]

c. ATP

i. structure

ii. function

2. Cellular Respiration

  1. Equation
  2. Goal
  3. Organisms and location within the cell

2. Photosynthesis

  1. Equation
  2. Goal
  3. Organisms and location within the cell

Labs:

Food Web Lab

Testing of Proteins

Testing of Carbohydrates

Food Label Lab

Biomagnification Lab

Random Sampling Quadrant Lab

Mark and Recapture Lab

Predator Prey Lab

Acid/Base Lab

Graphing Populations Lab

Catalase Lab

Chemical Reactions Lab[2]

[1]fixed it

[2]I added these