BIOLOGY CH 8, 10, and 15 LECTURE TEST STUDY GUIDE
1. Know about Charles Darwin and his travels and book.
2. Know about Thomas Malthus and his work.
3. What is the definition of evolution?
4. How do you define genetic variation?
5. Where does genetic variation come from?
6. Define the difference between the founder effect and bottleneck effect.
7. How does genetic drift affect a population?
8. What does it mean to have gene flow?
9. How does natural selection affect a trait?
10. How does natural selection work when you have a population that can withstand the effects of pesticides?
11. How do you measure an organism’s fitness?
12. What is the difference between artificial selection and natural selection?
13. Know the difference between stabilizing, disruptive, and directional selection.
14. Based on radioactive dating, how old is the earth.
15. What is biogeography?
16. What is the difference between convergent and divergent evolution.
17. What is a vestigial structure?
18. Understand the Urey-Miller experiment.
19. What was found in the prebiotic environment?
20. What chemicals were found in the early Earth atmosphere?
21. What is the approximate age of the Earth?
22. What macromolecule was created from the Miller-Urey experiment?
23. How is the history of the Earth documented?
24. What is the biological species concept?
25. What is the difference between the prezygotic barrier and the postzygotic barrier?
26. Why is the inbreeding of a lion and a tiger not a new species?
27. Know the taxonomic categories. (Domain, Kingdom, Phylum…)
28. Understand the inclusiveness of organisms in the taxonomic categories.
29. Know how to recognize a scientific, Latin name of a genus and species.
30. Understand how difference species can be in the same taxonomic order.
31. What is sympatric speciation?
32. What is an ecosystem?
33. What is an abiotic factor?
34. What abiotic factor determines a terrestrial biome?
35. How is a Biome defined?
36. What is an omnivore?
37. How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to another?
38. How is biomass defined?
39. Where does most of the carbon come from in the earth’s atmosphere?
40. What are the components of the nitrogen cycle?
41. Which nutrient cycles have the smallest atmospheric components?
42. Where does the largest reservoir of phosphorus found in the earth?
43. What is a fundamental niche?
44. What is it called when resources are used by more than one species?
45. Know about Darwin’s finches; their beak size and shape.
46. When a butterfly uses a defense mechanism for reducing predation, what is this called?
47. What is the name of the interaction between two types of organisms in a habitat, oneorganism benefits from its interaction from the other but the other organism suffers?
48. What are some of the signs of a rabid animal?
49. What is a commensal relationship?
50. What is the interaction called when a small fish follows a turtle in the open ocean?
51. Know examples of mutualism.
52. Know examples of commensalism.