Biochemistry Review Sheet Name:

  1. What is the element for these symbols: C, H, O, N, P, S, Na, Fe, K, Cl
  1. What is a chemical compound?

3. How many molecules? How many total atoms?

a) 2CO2 b) 3C6H12O6c) 4PO

4. If an atom loses electrons, it has a ______charge.

5. If an atom gains electrons, it has a ______charge.

6. Why does ice float?

7. ______is attraction between molecules of same

substance. ______is attraction between molecules

of different substances.

  1. Give some examples of these mixtures:
  1. Homogeneous:
  1. Heterogeneous:
  1. Solution:
  1. Suspension:
  1. Colloid:
  1. A sugar solution has 100 grams of sugar dissolved in water. What is the solute? What is the solution?
  1. Be able to use a pH chart. Where are strong acids and bases located? Weak?
  1. Pure water is ______and has a pH of 7.
  1. Define buffer.
  1. What is an organic compound?
  1. Carbohydrates have C, H, and O in the ratio ______: ______:______.
  1. Why do lipids not dissolve in water?
  1. Define isomer and give an example.
  1. What is a condensation reaction?
  1. What is a hydrolysis reaction?
  1. In a chemical reaction, this is either absorbed or released?
  1. What is an enzyme and what are their purpose?
  1. What is activation energy?
  1. What does the word “catalyst” mean?
  1. Most enzymes end with the letters --______.
  1. In an enzyme assisted reaction, what is the substrate?
  1. Sketch the following: NaCl in an ionic bond, H2O in a covalent bond, enzyme substrate complex including the enzyme and substrate.
  1. What is the name of the bond that links amino acids together?

How could you test for organic compounds in materials?

  1. What are the 4 major groups of organic compounds found in living things?
  1. Carbon can form how many bonds?
  1. What is the ratio of Carbon to Hydrogen to Oxygen in carbohydrates?

______:______:______

  1. What is main function of carbohydrates?
  1. Where do carbohydrates come from?
  1. What do the following food items have in common? Starburst, pasta, apples
  1. What is the main functions of lipids?
  1. What part of the cell uses lipids?
  1. What is the main function of nucleic acids?
  1. What are the only 2 nucleic acids we discuss?
  1. What is the main function of proteins?
  1. What food products contain protein?

Label the following Macromolecules:

  1. Complete the chart below to compare the four groups of organic compounds.

Group / Monomers/building blocks / Types
(only Carbs) / Examples / Uses
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
Nucleic Acids

Water Properties:

What is heat capacity and how does water’s high heat capacity affect our bodies and protect the lives of organisms in large bodies of water such as lakes and oceans?

What happens at the melting point?

What happens at the boiling point?

What unique properties of water contribute to it’s high surface tension?

Why is water a good solvent?

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