BIO102 UNIT 2Digestive System

Terminal Objectives:

The student will learn the major components of the Digestive system, the products of digestion and the contributions of the accessory organs to the process of digestion. In addition, the students will develop an understanding of human nutrition.

Intermediate Objectives:

Upon completion of this unit the student will be able to:

  1. State the major functions of the digestive system.
  2. List the major organs of the digestive system and accessory organs that play a role in digestion.
  3. State and explain the structure of the mouth and explain the role of this organ in digestion.
  4. List the three the name and location of the salivary glands and state the components of saliva and the contribution of saliva in digestion.
  5. Discuss the function, structure, diseases and types of teeth.
  6. Describe the pharynx and discuss the role of this structure during the process of swallowing.
  7. Describe the esophagus and discuss the role of this structure as part of the digestive system.
  8. State and describe the tissue layers of the digestive system including the terms mucosa, lumen, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa.
  9. Provide a description and location of the stomach and discuss the function of this organ as part of the digestive system.
  10. Describe the components of the gastric juices and the effect these substances have on digestion of food.
  11. Describe the structure and location of the small intestine and state the three regions of this organ.
  12. Discuss the duodenum of the small intestine and explain the effects that digestive juices from the pancreas, liver and the intestinal lining have on the digestion of food.
  13. Discuss the relationship between the liver, the gall bladder and bile.
  14. State the effect of bile in the process of digestion and bile pigments.
  15. Discuss the jejunum of the small intestine and explain how this structure functions during the process of absorption of digestive end products. The student should include a how villi, lacteals, and blood capillaries are involved in the process of absorption of digestive end products.
  16. State the digestive end products of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
  17. State the location and function of ileum of the small intestine.
  18. State the three major functions of the large intestine.
  19. Describe the parts of the large intestine including such terms as colon, cecum, rectum and anal canal.
  20. Describe the description, location and functionof the pancreas as both an exocrine and endocrine gland.
  21. Describe the functions of the liver.
  22. State and explain the major disorders of the liver.
  23. Discuss human nutrition distinguishing between the terms marconutrients and micronutrients.
  24. Discuss carbohydrates as these substances relate to human nutrition including a discussion on the source of these substances in food and the concept of simple vs. complex carbohydrates.
  25. Discuss proteins as these substances relate to human nutrition including a discussion on the source of these substances in food. The concept of essential vs. non essential amino acids and what is meant by a complete protein source will also be explained by the student.
  26. Discuss lipids as these substances relate to human nutrition including a discussion on cholesterol.
  27. Discuss vitamins as these substances relate to human nutrition.
  28. Discuss minerals as these substances relate to human nutrition.
  29. Discuss major eating disorders such as obesity, bulimia, and anorexia nervosa.