Matter QUIZ

  1. Burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the

A.herbivores.

B.water.

C.vegetation.

D.atmosphere.

  1. Mattercanrecyclethroughthebiospherebecause

A.matterdoesnotchangeintonewcompounds.

B.matterisreleased as heat into the atmosphere.

C.biologicalsystemsdonotuseupmatter,theytransformit.

D.biologicalsystemsuseonlycarbon,oxygen,hydrogen,andnitrogen.

  1. Therepeatedmovement ofwaterbetweenEarth'ssurfaceandtheatmosphereiscalled

A.thewatercycle.

B.condensation.

C. precipitation.

D. evaporation cycle .

  1. CarboncyclesthroughthebiosphereinallofthefollowingprocessesEXCEPT

A.photosynthesis.

B.transpiration.

C.burningoffossilfuels.

D.decomposition of plants and animals.

  1. Nitrogenfixation iscarriedoutprimarilyby

A.humans.

B.plants.

C.bacteria.

D.consumers.

  1. Animalsgetthemostofthenitrogentheyneed

A.byconsumingplantsorotheranimals.

B.bybreathinginatmosphericnitrogen.

C.directlyfrombacteriainthesoil.

D.fromtheprocessofdenitrification.

  1. Organismsneednutrientsinorderto

A.utilizehydrogenandoxygen.

B.carryoutessentiallifefunctions.

C.recyclechemicalcompounds.

D.carryoutnitrogen fixation.

  1. In an ecosystem, water……

A. causes global warming

B. is not used for many functions in the environment

C. is constantly being reduced in the atmosphere

D. is constantly being recycled in to one form or another.

9. The diagram shows the carbon cycle. Which of the following processes is primarily involved in releasing carbon into the air?

A. combustion and respiration

B. decomposition and photosynthesis

C. photosynthesis alone

D. respiration and photosynthesis

10. How is carbon dioxide (CO2) used in plants?

A. As a raw material for photosynthesis.

B. To store energy in animals.

C. As an energy source for photosynthesis

D. For protection from excessive sunlight

11. The organic and inorganic materials in all the organisms in the diagram will eventually return

to the environment by the action of

A. decomposers

B. producers

C. primary consumers

D. secondary consumers

E. top carnivores

12. The maintenance of a self-sustaining ecosystem requires a

  1. constant temperature
  2. greater number of herbivores than producers
  3. cycling of materials between organisms and their environment
  4. soil that is acidic

13. Which statement concerning an ecosystem is correct?

  1. It can exist with or without a constant source of energy input.
  2. It must contain consumers but can exist without producers.
  3. It involves interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.
  4. It can exist on land, but it cannot exist in lakes, rivers, or oceans.

14. What process pulls carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

A. Respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Combustion

D. Decomposition

15. What process involves releasing carbon into soil?

A. Respiration

B. Photosynthesis

C. Combustion

D. Decomposition

16. How do alder trees contribute to the nitrogen cycle?

A. They decrease the amount of nitrogen in the soil aiding in the growth of other trees

B. They aid in nitrogen fixation so that plants can use nitrogen

C. They increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil aiding in the growth of other trees

D. They remove nitrogen from the soil preventing the growth of other trees

17. What are usually the pioneer species that form on bare rock during the early stages of ecological succession?

A. ferns

B. pine trees

C. mosses

D. lichens

18. In the picture above, what process is occurring?

A. / primary succession / C. / Climax community
B. / secondary succession / D. / Subduction zoning

18. 19. If a tornado moves through the area in the picture above question #18 what will happen next?

A. / primary succession / C. / a climax community will develop
B. / secondary succession / D. / the ecosystem will be at equilibrium

19. 20. A series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time is called ______.

A. / succession / C. / ecosystem
B. / climax community / D. / pioneer species