Autonomy Bibliography

Learner Strategies and Learner Training/Development

Aagard, R., Deeg, H. & Jover, G. (2003). Learner Autonomy in developing writing skills. In K. van Esch & O. St.John (eds).

Aagard, R. & St.John, O. (2003). Learner autonomy in speaking skills development. In K. van Esch & O. St.John (eds).

Abe, E. (2003). 'Changing attitudes: Fluency-focused speaking practice'. In A. Barfield & M. Nix (eds.).

Allwright, D. (1990). Autonomy in Language Pedagogy. CRILE Working Paper 6. Lancaster: University of Lancaster, Centre for Research in Education.

Aoki, N. (2003). 'Expanding space for reflection and collaboration'. In A. Barfield & M. Nix (eds.).

Bacon, S.M. and Finnemann, M.D. (1990). A study of the attitudes, motives, and strategies of university foreign language students and their disposition to authentic oral and written input. Modern Language Journal 74/4, 459-73.

Balcikanli, C. (2008). 揚romoting Learner Autonomy in EFL classrooms�. Kastamonu University Journal of Faculty. 16/1: 277-284.

Balcikanli, B. (2009). 揕earner Autonomy in EFL Settings�. Journal of Gazi Educational Faculty 28/3: 1-16.

Barcelos, A.M.F. (2003). 'Researching beliefs about SLA: a critical review'. In P. Kalaja & A.M.F. Barcelos (eds.), pp. 7-34.

Barcelos, A.M.F. (2003). 'Teachers' and students' beliefs within a Deweyan framework: conflict and influence'. In P. Kalaja & A.M.F. Barcelos (eds.), pp. 171-200.

Benson, P. (1995). A critical view of learner training. Learning Learning 2/2. Accessed 10 March 2003 from

Bialystok, E. (1981). The role of conscious strategies in second language proficiency. Modern Language Journal 65/1: 24-35.

Boud, D. (1981). Moving towards autonomy. In D. Boud (ed.), Developing Student Autonomy in Learning. London: Kogan Page.

Carson, J.G. and Longhini, A. (2002). Focusing on learning styles and strategies: A diary study in an immersion setting. Language Learning Journal 52/2: 401-38.

Chamot, A.U. (2001). The role of learning strategies in second language acquisition. In M.P. Breen (ed.), Learner Contributions to Language Learning: New Directions in Research. Harlow: Longman.

Chamot, A.U. and El-Dinary, P.B. (1999). Children`s learner strategies in language immersion classrooms. Modern Language Journal 83/3: 319-38.

Chamot, A.U. and O'Malley, J.M. (1996). Implementing the Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA). In R. Oxford (ed.), Language Learning Strategies around the World: Cross-cultural Perspectives. Manoa: University of Hawaii Press.

Chamot, A.U., Barnhardt, S., El-Dinary, P., and Robbins, J. (1996). Methods for teaching learning strategies in the foreign language classroom. In R. Oxford (ed.), Language Learning Strategies around the World: Cross-cultural Perspectives. Manoa: University of Hawaii Press.

Chin, C. (1999). The effects of three learning strategies on EFL vocabulary acquisition. Korea TESOL Journal 2/1: 1-12.

Cohen, A.D. (1998). Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language. Harlow: Longman.

Cotterall, S. (1995). Developing a course strategy for learner autonomy. ELT Journal 49/3: 219-27.

Dadour, E.S. and Robbins, J. (1996). University-level studies using strategy instruction to improve speaking ability in Egypt and Japan. In R. Oxford (ed.), Language Learning Strategies around the World: Cross-cultural Perspectives. Manoa: University of Hawaii Press.

Dam, L. (2003). 'Developing learner autonomy: the teacher`s responsibility'. In D. Little, et al. (eds.).

Dam, L. and Gabrielsen, G. (1988). Developing learner autonomy in a school context: A six year experiment beginning in the learners' first year of English. In H. Holec (ed.), Autonomy and Self-directed Learning: Present Fields of Application. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

Dickinson, L. (1988). Learner training. In A. Brookes and P. Grundy (eds), Individualization and Autonomy in Language Learning. London: Modern English Publications / The British Council.

Dickinson, L. (1992). Learner autonomy 2: Learner Training for Language Learning. Dublin: Authentik.

Dickinson, L. (1994) "Preparing Learners: toolkit requirements for preparing/orienting learners", in Esch,E, (ed.) Self-Access and the Adult Language Learner. London: CILT.

Donato, R. and McCormick, D. (1994). A sociocultural perspective on language learning strategies: The role of mediation. Modern Language Journal 78: 453-64.

Elsen, A. (2003). 'Profiling for Progress': Learner autonomy in writing skills development.' In K. van Esch & O. St.John (eds).

Fonseka, E.A.G. (1996). Children`s songs in promoting learner autonomy. In [L. Dickinson (ed.),] Autonomy 2000: The Development of Independence in Language Learning. Conference Proceedings. Bangkok: King Mongkut`s Institute of Technology Thonburi.

Freidrich, M. & van Esch, K. (2003). 'Learner autonomy in initial foreign language teacher training: writing skills.' In K. van Esch & O. St.John (eds).

Gan, Z. (2003). Self-directed language learning among university EFL students in Mainland China and Hong Kong: a study of attitudes, strategies and motivation. Ph.D Thesis. Hong Kong Polytechnic University.

Gao, X. (2003). Changes in Chinese students' strategy use after arrival in the UK: A qualitative enquiry. In Palfreyman, D. and Smith, R.C. (eds.) Learner Autonomy Across Cultures: Language Education Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan.

Green, J.M. and Oxford, R.L. (1995). A closer look at learning strategies, L2 proficiency, and gender. TESOL Quarterly 29/2: 261-97.

Holec, H. (1980). Learner training: Meeting needs in self-directed learning. In H.B. Altman and C.V. James (eds), Foreign Language Learning: Meeting Individual Needs. Oxford: Pergamon.

Horwitz, E.K. (1999). Cultural and situational influences on foreign language learners' beliefs about language learning: A review of BALLI studies. System 27: 557-76.

Hsiao, T-Y. (1995). A factor-analytic and regressional study of language learning strategies used by university students of Chinese, French, German, and Spanish. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Austin: University of Texas at Austin.

Hsiao, T-Y. and Oxford, R. L. (2002). Comparing theories of language learning strategies: A confirmatory factor analysis. Modern Language Journal 86/3: 368-83.

Huttunen, I. (1988). Towards learner autonomy in a school context. In H. Holec (ed.), Autonomy and Self-directed Learning: Present Fields of Application. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

Kalaja, P. (2003). 'Research on students' beliefs about SLA within a discursive approach'. In P. Kalaja & A.M.F. Barcelos (eds.), pp. 87-108.

Kalaja, P. & Barcelos, A.M.F., eds. (2003). Beliefs About SLA: New Research Approaches. Dordrecht: Kluwer.

Karlsson, L., Kjisik, F. and Nordlund, J. (1997). From Here to Autonomy: A Helsinki University Language Centre Autonomous Learning Project. Helsinki: Yliopistopaino.

Kojic-Sabo, I. and Lightbown, P. (1999). Students' approaches to vocabulary learning and their relationship to success. Modern Language Journal 99/2: 176-92.

Lawson, M. J., and Hogben, D. (1996). The vocabulary learning strategies of foreign language students. Language Learning 46/1: 101-35.

Lewis, M. & Reinders, H. (2003). Study Skills for Speakers of English as a Second Language. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Little, D. (1997). Language awareness and the autonomous language learner. Language Awareness 6/2-3: 93-104.

Malcolm, D. (2005).'An Arabic-speaking English learner`s path to autonomy through reading'. In P. Benson & D. Nunan (eds.) Learners' Stories: Difference and Diversity in Language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 69-82.

Marshall, L. and Rowland, F. (1993). A Guide to Learning Independently (2nd edn.). Buckingham: Open University Press.

McDonough, S.H. (1999). Learner Strategies. Language Teaching 32/1: 1-18.

Mizuki, P, (2003). 'Metacognitive strategies, reflection, and autonomy in the classroom'. In A. Barfield & M. Nix (eds.).

Moreira, M.A. and Ferreira, P. (2002). Analysing learning tasks: materials for learner development. In F. Vieira. M.A. Moreira, I. Barbosa and M. Paiva (eds), et al. (eds). Pedagogy for Autonomy and English Learning: Proceedings of the Working Group - Pedagogy for Autonomy. Braga: University of Minho.

Naiman, N., Frohlich, M., Stern, H.H. and Todesco, A. (1978). The Good Language Learner. Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education.

Nunan, D. (1997). Designing and adapting materials to encourage learner autonomy. In P. Benson and P. Voller (eds), Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning. Harlow: Longman.

Nyikos, M. and Oxford, R.L. (1993). A factor analytic study of language learning strategy use: interpretation from information-processing theory and social psychology. Modern Language Journal 77/1: 11-22.

O'Malley, J.M. and Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

O'Malley, J.M., Chamot, A.U., Stewner-Manzanares, G., Kupper, L. and Russo, R.P. (1985). Learning strategy applications with students of English as a second language. TESOL Quarterly 19/4: 557-84.

O'Rourke, B., and Schwienhorst, K. (2002). Talking text: Reflections on reflection in computer-mediated communication. In D. Little, J. Ridley and E. Ushioda (eds), Towards greater learner autonomy in the foreign language classroom. Dublin: Authentik.

Oxford, R. (1990). Language Learning Strategies: What Every Teacher Should Know. Boston: Heinle & Heinle.

Oxford, R.L. (1996). When emotion meets (meta)cognition in language learning histories. International Journal of Educational Research 23/7: 581-94.

Oxford, R.L. and Burry-Stock, J.A. (1995). Assessing the use of language learning strategies worldwide with the ESL/EFL version of the strategy inventory for language learning (SILL). System 23/1: 1-23.

Oxford, R.L. and Crookall, D. (1989). Research on language learning strategies: Methods, findings, and instructional issues. Modern Language Journal 73/4: 404-19 .

Oxford, R.L. and Ehrman, M.E. (1995). Adults' language learning strategies in an intensive foreign language program in the United States. System 23: 359-86.

Oxford, R.L. and Leaver, B.L. (1996). A synthesis of strategy instruction for language learners. In R. Oxford (ed.), Language Learning Strategies around the World: Cross-cultural Perspectives. Manoa: University of Hawaii Press.

Oxford, R.L. and Nyikos, M. (1989). Variables affecting choice of language learning strategies by university students. Modern Language Journal 73/3: 291-300.

Oxford, R.L., Park-Oh, Y.Y., Ito, S., and Sumrall, M. (1993). Learning a language by satellite television: What influences student achievement?System 21: 31-48.

Palfreyman, D. (2003). Expanding the Discourse on Learner Development: A reply to Anita Wenden.Applied Linguistics 24/2: 243-8.

Palfreyman, D. (1999). The technologization of learning. Newsletter of the AILA Scientific Commission on Learner Autonomy in Language Learning 5. Accessed 28 Feb 2003 from

Pearson, N. (2004). 'The idiosyncracies of out-of-class language learning: a study of mainland Chinese students studying English at tertiary level in New Zealand'. In: Reinders, H. et al. (eds.)

Pressley, M. and Woloshyn, V. (1995). Cognitive Strategy Instruction That Really Improves Children`s Academic Performance. Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books.

Reid, J. (ed.). (1998). Understanding Learning Styles in the Second Language Classroom. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.

Reinders, H. (2004) 'Learner strategies in the language classroom: which strategies, when and how?' RELC Guidelines, 26 :1, 31-35.

Ridley, J. (2003). 'Learners' ability to reflect on language and their learning'. In D. Little, et al. (eds.), pp. 78-89.

Rivers, W. (2001). Autonomy at all costs: An ethnography of metacognitive self-assessment and self-management among experienced language learners. Modern Language Journal 85/2: 279-90.

Rubin, J. (1987). Learner strategies: Theoretical assumptions, research history and typology. In A. Wenden and J. Rubin (eds), Learner Strategies in Language Learning. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice Hall International.

Sinclair, B. 1992. Learner Training in EFL Course Books. ELT Journal, 46/2: 209-225.

Sinclair, B. 1997. Introduction to Learner Independence Worksheets. Whitstable, IATEFL, 6-8.

Umino, T. (2005).'Learning a second language with broadcast materials at home: Japanese students' long-term experiences'. In P. Benson & D. Nunan (eds.) Learners' Stories: Difference and Diversity in Language Learning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 134-149.

Ushioda, E. (1996). Learner Autonomy 5: The Role of Motivation. Dublin: Authentik.

Victori, M. & Tragant, E. (2003). 'Learner strategies: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of Primary and High school learners'. In Garcia Mayo, M.P. & Garcia Lecumberri, M. L. (eds.) Age and the acquisition of English as a Foreign Language. Clevedon. Multilingual Matters.

Vieira, F. (1999). Pedagogy for autonomy: Teacher development and pedagogical experimentation - An in-service teacher training project. In S. Cotterall and D. Crabbe (eds), Learner Autonomy in Language Learning: Defining the Field and Effecting Change. Frankfurt am Main: Lang.

Voller, P, (1997). Does the teacher have a role in autonomous language learning? In P. Benson and P. Voller (eds), Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning. London: Longman.

Wei, Y. & Chen, Y. (2004). `supporting Chinese learners of English to implement self-assessment in L2 writing'. In: Reinders, H. et al. (eds.)

Wenden, A (1991) Learner Strategies for Learner Autonomy: Planning and Implementing Learner Training for Language Learners, New York: Prentice Hall.

Wenden, A. (1991). Learner Strategies for Learner Autonomy. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.

Wenden, A. (2002). Learner development in language learning. Applied Linguistics 23/1: 32-55.

Wenden, A. and Rubin, J. (1987). Learner Strategies in Language Learning. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice-Hall International.

Yang, N-D. (1999). The relationship between EFL learner`s beliefs and learning strategy use. System 27/4: 515-35.